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"Karies gigi merupakan penyakit progresif yang terjadi akibat demineralisasi enamel gigi oleh aktivitas bakteri kariogenik yang menghasilkan asam, khususnya Streptococcus mutans. Dari berbagai penelitian, sediaan fluoride topikal terbukti memiliki efektivitas tinggi dalam menghentikan aktivitas karies gigi dengan biaya produksi yang rendah serta mudah untuk diaplikasikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memformulasikan sediaan alternatif fluoride topikal NH4F 5% dengan ekstrak etanol propolis (EEP) dalam suatu sistem mikroemulsi yang memiliki stabilitas, kemampuan antibakteri dan remineralisasi yang baik dalam menghentikan aktivitas karies gigi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formulasi 2,7% EEP; 6,3% surfaktan; dan 90,9% larutan NH4F 5% memiliki stabilitas penyimpanan terbaik. Uji antibakteri menunjukkan sediaan uji memiliki daya inhibisi pertumbuhan bakteri kariogenik sekitar 78-80%, dengan nilai konsentrasi hambat mínimum (KHM) pada pengenceran 6,25%. Hasil Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) dan Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) menunjukkan sediaan berhasil meremineralisasi permukaan enamel gigi dengan deposit fluoride hingga 5 - 6 x dibandingkan kontrol. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah sediaan mikroemulsi propolis fluoride (PF) dapat menjadi alternatif sediaan fluoride topikal yang memiliki efektivitas tinggi dalam menghentikan aktivitas karies gigi.

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Dental caries is a disease caused by demineralization of tooth enamel by the activity of cariogenic bacteria that produce acid, especially Streptococcus mutans. From various studies, preparation of topical fluoride is proven to have higher efficacy in preventing dental caries with low production cost and easy to apply. The objective of this research is to formulate alternatife agent topical fluoride NH4F 5% mixed with extract ethanol propolis (EEP) in the microemulsion system that has high stability, antimicrobial activity, and remineralisation to arrest teeth caries activity.

The result shows that formulation 2,7% EEP; 6,3% surfactan; and 90,9% NH4F solution has the highest perervation stability. Antibacterial test shows three simple have ability to inhibit cariogenic bacteria development around 78-80% with mínimum inhibtory concentration (KHM) value at 6,25% dilution. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) result show that sample succesfuly reminerilize enamel surface with fluoride deposite up to 5 - 6 x compared by control. The conculsion from this research is microemulsion agent propolis fluoride (PF) can become topical fluoride alternatife that has high effectivity."

"Tujuan: Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara indeks plak terhadap efikasi Propolis Fluoride dalam menghambat aktivitas karies. Metode: 246 anak dengan karies aktif pada anak usia 36-71 bulan diaplikasikan Propolis Fluoride. 149 anak merupakan kelompok perlakuan dengan diberi perlakuan sikat gigi serta edukasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut rutin. Sedangkan 97 anak merupakan kelompok kontrol hanya diberi edukasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada saat baseline. Evaluasi pemeriksaan dilakukan setelah 3 bulan untuk menilai persentase karies yang menjadi arrested dan hubungannya dengan indeks plak. Hasil: Pada saat evaluasi 3 bulan persentase karies arrested pada kelompok perlakuan 62,44 sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol 46,18. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna rata-rata indeks plak dan jumlah karies aktif antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan bernilai negatif antara indeks plak dan persentase karies arrested. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan bernilai positif antara skor tindakan dan persentase karies arrested. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara indeks plak dan efikais Propolis Fluoride dalam menghambat aktivitas karies.

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Objective To determine the relationship between plaque index and efficacy of propolis fluoride in inhibiting caries activity. Method 246 children aged 36 71 month were applied Propolis Fluoride on every tooth surface that has active caries. 149 children are intervention group, they have been treated toothbrushing program and give them routine Dental Health Education. 97 children are control group only have been given Dental Health Education on the baseline. The evaluation and examination were conducted after 3 months to measure the percentage of arrested caries and the correlation with plaque index. Result At the 3 months evaluation, the percentage of arrested caries for both group of intervention and control were 62,44 and 46,18 respectively. There was a significant difference in mean plaque index and the number of active caries between two groups. There was a significant correlation between the plaque index and the percentage of arrested caries. There was a significant correlation between the behavior score and the percentage of arrested caries. Both correlation has negative and positive value respectively. Conclusion There is a significant correlation between plaque index and efficacy of Propolis fluoride in inhibiting caries activity."

"Tujuan: Diketahuinya perbandingan efektiftas aplikasi silver diamine fluoride dengan propolis fluoride dalam menghambat karies gigi sulung. Metode: 224 anak usia 4-5 tahun dengan karies dentin aktif dialokasikan secara random pada satu diantara 3 kelompok perlakuan untuk pengobatan lesi karies dentin gigi sulung: Kelompok 1- Aplikasi Silver Diamine Fluoride, Kelompok 2- Aplikasi Propolis Fluoride, dan Kelompok 3- Kontrol. Evaluasi pemeriksaan dilakukan setelah 7 hari, 1 bulan dan 3 bulan untuk menilai banyaknya lesi karies yang menjadi terhenti. Hasil: Setelah 3 bulan, 163 (72,8%) anak menyelesaikan penelitian. Persentase karies yang menjadi terhenti adalah 88,68%, 55,78% dan 2,13% untuk Kelompok 1, Kelompok 2 dan Kelompok 3. Kesimpulan: Aplikasi Silver Diamine Fluoride atau Propolis Fluoride efektif menghambat lesi karies gigi sulung. Silver Diamine Fluoride lebih efektif dalam menghambat lesi karies dibanding Propolis Fluoride, tetapi Propolis Fluoride memiliki keunggulan tidak membuat perubahan warna gigi menjadi hitam.

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Objective: To compare the effectiveness of topical application of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution and topical application of propolis fluoride in arresting active dentine caries in primary teeth.

Methods: A total of 224 children, aged 3-4 years, were randomly allocated to one of three groups for treatment of carious dentine cavities in their primary teeth: group 1- application of SDF, group 2 ? application of Propolis Fluoride, group 3 ? control. Follow-up examinations were carried out 7 days, 1 month and 3 months to assess whether the treated caries lesions had become arrested.

Results: After 3 months follow up, 163 (72,8%) children remained in the study. The caries arrest rates were 88,68%, 55,78% dan 2,13% for group 1, group 2 and group 3.

Conclusion: Application of SDF solution or Propolis Fluoride solution can arrest active dentine caries. Topical application of SDF is more effective than Propolis Fluoride in inhibiting caries lesions progression, but Propolis Fluoride has the advantage that the arrested caries lesion will not turn black in colour like SDF."

"ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui efektifitas SDF dalam menghambataktivitas karies gigi sulung serta melihat hubungan keadaan intraoral dengankeefektifitasan SDF dalam menghambat aktivitas karies gigi sulung pada anak. 115anak karies dentin aktif pada anak 2,5-6 tahun diaplikasikan SDF, selanjutnyadievaluasi setelah 3 dan 10 bulan dan keadaan intraoral diperiksa. Evaluasi setelah 10bulan menunjukkan 69,7% permukaan karies aktif menjadi terhenti. Uji statistikmenunjukkan karies aktif yang diaplikasikan SDF memiliki peluang 9.9 kali menjaditerhenti setelah 3 bulan, dan 6.4 kali setelah 10 bulan. Serta terdapat korelasi negatifbermakna secara statistik antara pulpitis dan skor pufa dengan keberhasilanintervensi SDF.

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ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of SDF ininhibiting dental caries activity on primary teeth and find the relationship betweenintraoral situation with effectiveness of SDF in inhibiting childhood caries activity.115 children 2,5-6 years were applicated SDF on teeth that have active dentin caries,and then evaluated after 3 and 10 months. Intraoral state was examined. Evaluationafter 10 months showed 69.7% surface active caries to be arrested. The statistical testshowed that the active caries applied SDF have chance 9.9 times becoming arrestedafter 3 months, and 6.4 times after 10 months. There is a negative correlationstatistical significance of pulpitis and PUFA index with SDF intervention success."

"Latar Belakang: Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) dan Propolis Fluoride (PPF) merupakan varnish yang memiliki sifat antibakteri dan dapat mencegah demineralisasi dan memicu remineralisasi Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kekerasan dentin setelah aplikasi varnish SDF dan PPF selama 30 hari dan 60 hari. Metode: Enam spesimen dentin gigi premolar dengan ukuran 4x4x2 mm diaplikasikan varnish SDF (38%) dan PPF (10%) kemudian setiap spesimen direndam dalam tube berisi aquadem lalu dikocok dengan kecepatan 45 rpm selama 30 menit setiap hari. Dan dilakukan uji kekerasan menggunakan Vickers microhardness tester setelah 30 dan 60 hari. Hasil: Nilai kekerasan dentin setelah 30 hari aplikasi SDF ialah 67 ± 2,83 VHN dan PPF ialah 61,00 ± 2,44 VHN. Sedangkan nilai kekerasan dentin setelah 60 hari aplikasi SDF ialah 69,00 ± 2,82 VHN dan PPF ialah 73,25 ± 1,71 VHN. Kesimpulan: Varnish SDF dan PPF efektif meningkatkan kekerasan dentin.

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Background: Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) and Propolis Fluoride (PPF) had antibacterial properties on silver and propolis contents. The fluoride content present in both varnishes could inhibit demineralization and promote remineralization Objective: This study analyzed the dentin microhardness after 30 and 60 days application of Sodium diamine fluoride (SDF) and propolis fluoride (PPF). Methods: Six dentin blocks were allocated and divided into control groups and treatment groups with SDF (38%) and PPF (10%). Each dentin block in the treatment group received a topical application of various fluoridebased varnishes and was submerged in aquadem and shaken for 30 minutes at 45 rpm every day. The dentin hardness was analyzed by a Vickers microhardness tester. Results: Dentin microhardness after 30 days application of SDF varnish was 67 ± 2,83 VHN and PPF varnish was 61,00 ± 2,44 VHN. While, Dentin microhardness after 60 days application of SDF varnish was 69,00 ± 2,82 VHN and PPF varnish was 73,25 ± 1,71 VHN Conclusion: SDF and PPF were effective for dentin remineralization and increase dentin microhardness."

"Karies gigi merupakan penyakit periodonsium yang terjadi akibat demineralisasi enamel gigi oleh asam yang berasal dari aktivitas bakteri kariogenik, khususnya Streptococcus mutans. Permen karet terbukti ampuh membantu pencegahan karies gigi dengan menstimulasi aliran saliva sehingga dapat mengurangi nutrisi bagi bakteri kariogenik. Dalam penelitian ini permen karet bebas gula diformulasikan dengan menggunakan lateks jelutong (Dyera costulata) sebagai komponen kunyahan dasar permen karet dengan penambahan zat aktif antibakteri berupa lilin propolis (1-5%) untuk menginhibisi aktivitas bakteri S. mutans sebagai upaya pencegahan karies gigi. Hasil karakterisasi (DSC dan TGA) lateks jelutong menunjukkan bahwa lateks tersebut memiliki suhu Tg pada -22,46 ºC dan 33,86 ºC, serta mengandung komponen volatil (14,96%), komponen polimer (84,43%), komponen organik (0,36%), dan komponen anorganik (0,25%). Lilin propolis yang digunakan sebagai zat aktif permen karet merupakan produk samping pemurnian raw propolis Apis mellifera yang tersusun atas komponen resin dan lilin. Senyawa flavonoid yang berperan sebagai antibakteri pada propolis, disinyalir masih terkandung dalam lilin propolis sehingga diduga kuat bahwa lilin propolis memiliki sifat antibakteri selayaknya propolis. Hasil pengujian in vitro menunjukkan bahwa dengan konsentrasi 5% dalam sediaan permen karet bebas gula, lilin propolis 80% lebih efektif menginhibisi aktivitas S.mutans dalam pembentukan biofilm plak gigi relatif terhadap kontrol negatif (tanpa permen karet).

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Dental caries is a periodontium disease caused by demineralization of tooth surface by organic acid as the result of cariogenic bacteria metabolism, especially Streptococcus mutans. Chewing gum has been proven to help prevent dental caries formation by stimulating salivary flow thus reduce the nutrients for cariogenic bacteria. In this study, sugar-free chewing gum are formulated by using latex from jelutong (Dyer costuata) with the addition of propolis wax (1-5%) as the antibacterial agent to inhibit the activity of S. mutans to prevent biofilm formation which is an earlier stage of dental caries.

Characterization of latex jelutong (DSC and TGA) shows that the latex has a temperature Tg at -22.46 ° C and 33.86 ° C, and contain volatile components (14.96%), the polymer component (84.43%), organic components (0.36%), and the inorganic component (0.25%). Propolis wax that used in this formulation is a by-product of raw propolis Apis mellifera purification which generally composed of resin and wax. Flavonoids which act as antibacterial compound in propolis, presumably also contained in propolis wax, so allegedly it also have the antibacterial properties of propolis. The in vitro test showed that 5% of propolis wax in sugar-free chewing gum is able to prevent the formation of dental caries by inhibiting biofilm formation up to 80% more effective relative to the negative control (without chewing gum)."

"Latar Belakang: C. albicans rongga mulut adalah flora normal yang dapat berubahmenjadi patogen sehingga menyebabkan kandidiasis oral. Ekstrak etanol temulawakdengan kandungan utama xanthorrhizol dilaporkan dapat menginhibisi danmengeradikasi biofilm C. albicans pada konsentrasi 15%, serta menurunkan aktifitasenzim fosfolipase dan proteinase C. albicans. Selanjutnya, ekstrak etanol temulawakdiformulasikan dan dikembangkan menjadi bentuk sediaan obat tetes mikroemulsi.Dalam pengembangan bentuk sediaan obat, maka diperlukan penetapan formulasi danuji stabilitas biologis, fisik, dan kimia. Tujuan: Menetapkan formulasi danmengevaluasi stabilitas fisik dan kimia obat tetes mikroemulsi ekstrak etanoltemulawak Metode: Ekstrak etanol temulawak 15% diformulasikan menjadi sediaanobat tetes mikroemulsi. Kemudian stabilitas fisik dan kimia dievaluasi 2-4 minggupada 3 suhu penyimpanan yang berbeda yaitu 4±2oC; 28±2oC; dan 40±2oC. Selanjutnyastabilitas fisik berupa organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, dan tipe alirandievaluasi. Pada stabilitas kimia dievaluasi perubahan kadar xanthorrhizol setelah 2dan 4 minggu, menggunakan metode GC-MS. Hasil: Formulasi obat tetes mikroemulsimengandung ekstrak etanol temulawak 15% memiliki organoleptik; larutan kuningkecoklatan, rasa pahit, dan berbau khas jamu, homogenitas; terjadi pemisahan antarakomponen minyak dan air, pH berkisar 6,3-6,9, dan tipe alir pseudoplastis pada 2-4minggu dengan 3 suhu penyimpanan. Viskositas menurun seiring dengan peningkatansuhu penyimpanan. Kadar xanthorrhizol menurun setelah 2-4 minggu pada ketiga suhupenyimpanan. Kesimpulan: Adanya pemisahan komponen minyak dan air sertapenurunan kadar zat aktif dalam kurun 2-4 minggu mendasari kesimpulan bahwaformulasi obat tetes ekstrak etanol temulawak 15% tidak stabil secara fisik dan kimiasetelah disimpan selama 2 dan 4 minggu sehingga masih diperlukan reformulasi.

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Introduction: C. albicans is a normal flora in oral cavity that can be pathogenic that

causing oral candidiasis. Curcuma xanthorrhiza ethanoic extract has a main

component, xanthorrhizol that was reported to be able to inhibit and eradicate C.

albicans biofilms at a 15% concentration and reduce the activity of phospholipase and

proteinase enzymes of C. albicans. Furthermore, curcuma xanthorrhiza ethanoic extract

is formulated and developed into microemulsion oromucosal drops. In the development

of the drug, it is necessary to determine the formulation and test the stability in

biological, physical, and chemical. Objective: Determining the formulation and

evaluating the physical and chemical stability of microemulsion oromucosal drops

containing 15% curcuma xanthorrhiza ethanoic extract. Methods: Curcuma

xanthorrhiza ethanoic extract is formulated into microemulsion oromucosal drops

containing 15% curcuma xanthorrhiza ethanoic extract. Then, the physical and

chemical stability are evaluated for 2-4 weeks in 3 different temperature, that is 4 ±

2oC; 28 ± 2oC; and 40 ± 2oC. Furthermore, the physical stability in the form of

organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and flowing type are evaluated. Chemical

stability is evaluated the xanthorrhizol level using the GC-MS method. Results:

Microemulsio oromucosal drops containing 15% curcuma xanthorrhiza ethanoic

extract have organoleptic; brownish-yellow solution, bitter taste, and smells like herb,

homogeneity; there is a separation between the oil and water phase, pH ranges from

6,3-6,9, and flowing type are pseudoplastic. The viscosity value decreases with the

increasing of storage temperature. Xanthorrhizol level are decreasing after 2-4 weeks

of storage in the 3 different temperature. Conclusion: The separation between the oil

and water phase and degradation of xanthorrhizol level after stored 2-4 weeks are the

underlying conclusion that formulation of oromucosal drops containing curcuma

xanthorrhiza ethanoic extract are not stabile in physical and chemical after stored for 2

and 4 weeks so that the drugs need to be reformulated."

"Karies merupakan masalah kesehatan gigi mulut yang paling tinggi pada anak usia 3-5 tahun di Indonesia. Mengobati karies sejak dini dapat menghilangkan rasa sakit dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup anak. SDF merupakan salah satu perawatan karies pada gigi sulung. 59 anak usia 3-5 tahun di Serpong diaplikasikan SDF pada permukaan gigi sulung yang karies dan di evaluasi setelah 3 bulan. Ibu subjek diberikan kuisioner pengukuran kualitas hidup sebelum dan sesudah aplikasi SDF. Setelah dioleskan SDF, 89,36% karies terhenti. Kualitas hidup 59 subjek meningkat setelah aplikasi SDF (p < 0,05). SDF efektif dalam menghentikan karies gigi sulung dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup anak.

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Caries is the highest oral health problem in children aged 3-5 yeard old in Indonesia. Early caries treatment can heal tootache and increase quality of life. SDF is one of caries treatment for primary teeth. 59 children aged 3-5 years old were applied SDF and evaluated 3 months later. Mothers are given quality of life questionairre before and after SDF application. After SDF application, 89,36% caries are arrested. Quality of life of the subjects are increased after SDF application (p<0,05). SDF is effective in treating primary teeth caries and increase children quality of life."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Berdasarkan RISKESDAS 2013 sebanyak 28,9 anak kelompok usia 5-9 tahun yang memiliki masalah gigi, hanya 35,1 yang menerima perawatan. Penyakit gigi dan mulut yang paling sering terjadi adalah karies gigi, sehingga butuh bahan yang dapat berfungsi sebagai perawatan karies gigi anak yang mudah diaplikasikan dan terjangkau. Tujuan: Diketahuinya perbandingan aktivitas karies dentin sebelum dan sesudah aplikasi propolis fluoride serta hubungannya dengan indeks plak. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi eksperimental tanpa randomisasi menggunakan data sekunder dengan metode pengambilan sampel convenience sampling. Sebanyak 183 subjek yang memiliki karies dentin dilakukan pengolesan propolis fluoride dan pemeriksaan indeks plak. Evaluasi pemeriksaan dilakukan setelah 1 bulan. Hasil: terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai median karies dentin aktif sebelum 4 permukaan/anak dan setelah 1 bulan 1 permukaan/anak diaplikasikan Propolis Fluoride. Secara statistik terdapat korelasi berpola negatif yang signifikan p=0,015 dan r=-0,177 antara indeks plak dengan persentase karies terhenti. Kesimpulan : Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara aktivitas karies dentin sebelum dan sesudah aplikasi propolis fluoride serta terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dengan indeks plak.

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ABSTRACTBackground According to Basic Health Research from 28,9 children aged 5 9 who had dental problems, only 35,1 children received treatment. Dental caries is the most prevalent dental problem, therefore treatment of dental caries that are easy to apply and affordable is needed. Objective The purpose of the study was to determine the comparison of dentine caries activity before and after propolis fluoride application and the correlation with plaque index. Method Design of the study was experimental study nonrandom using secondary data with convenience sampling method. A total of 183 subjects whose teeth have active dentine caries were smeared by propolis fluoride and plaque index were examined. Follow up examination were carried out after 1 month. Results There was a significant difference between the median value of active dentine caries before 4 surfaces children and after 1 month 1 surface children applicated by propolis fluoride. Statistically, there was a significant negative correlation p 0,015 and r 0,177 between plaque index with arrested dentine caries percentage. Conclusion There was a significant difference between dentine caries activity before and after propolis fluoride application and there was a significant correlation with plaque index.Keywords dentine caries plaque index propolis fluoride."

"Asiatikosida adalah konstituen utama yang diisolasi dari Centella asiatica (L.) dan merupakan salah satu zat aktif yang banyak digunakan untuk mencegah penuaan kulit. Namun, asiatikosida memiliki masalah ketidakstabilan karena mudah teroksidasi dan terdegradasi. Hal ini dapat mempengaruhi stabilitas asiatikosida dalam sediaan kosmetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan mikroemulsi asiatikosida sebagai sistem pembawa yang dapat meningkatkan stabilitas asiatikosida dan memfasilitasinya sebagai sediaan kosmetik. Pada penelitian ini, optimasi mikroemulsi asiatikosida dilakukan dengan memformulasikan mikroemulsi menggunakan isopropil miristat (sebagai fase minyak) dengan konsentrasi surfaktan (Tween 80) yang berbeda, yaitu F1 = 20%, F2 = 25%, dan F3 = 30%. Mikroemulsi dibuat dengan menggunakan metode titrasi fase. Ketiga formula yang diproduksi dievaluasi dalam hal organoleptik, distribusi ukuran partikel, pH, bobot jenis, viskositas, rheologi dan tegangan permukaan, cycling test, sentrifugasi, uji stabilitas 6 minggu pada 5±3°C dan 30±2°C, serta uji penetapan kadar selama 5 minggu penyimpanan. Mikroemulsi jernih dihasilkan dari F2 dan F3, sedangkan F1 tampak keruh dan terjadi pemisahan fase. Uji penetapan kadar menunjukkan bahwa kadar asiatikosida selama 5 minggu dalam formula F1, F2 dan F3 berturut-turut adalah 65,25 ± 13,73%; 42,62 ± 15,72% dan 68,50 ± 5,94%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa mikroemulsi yang mengandung asiatikosida yaitu F2 dan F3 memenuhi persyaratan dan stabil secara fisik selama penyimpanan 6 minggu. Namun, belum dapat meningkatkan stabilitas kimia asiatikosida selama penyimpanan 5 minggu.

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Asiaticoside is the main constituent isolated from Centella asiatica (L.), and is one of the active substances widely used to prevent skin aging. However, asiaticoside has instability problems because it is easily oxidized and degraded. This can affect the stability of asiaticoside in cosmetic preparations. The aim of this study was to obtain an asiaticoside-containing microemulsion as a carrier system that could increase the stability of asiaticoside and facilitate it as a cosmetic preparation. In this study, optimization of the asiaticoside-contiaining microemulsion was carried out by formulating the microemulsion using isopropyl myristate (as an oil phase) with different surfactant (Tween 80) concentrations, namely F1 = 20%, F2 = 25%, and F3 = 30%. The microemulsion was prepared by using the phase titration method. The three formulations manufactured were evaluated in terms of their organoleptic, particle size distribution, pH, mass density, viscosity, rheology and surface tension. Moreover, a cycling test, centrifugation method, 6-week stability test at 5±3°C and 30±2°C, and drug content assay during 5-week of storage were also conducted. Clear microemulsions were produced from F2 and F3, while F1 looked cloudy and phase separation occurred. The assay results showed that the asiaticoside levels for 5 weeks in F1, F2 and F3 were 65.25 ± 13.73%; 42.62 ± 15.72% and 68.50 ± 5.94%, respectively. It can be concluded that the asiaticoside microemulsions F2 and F3, meet the requirements and were physically stable during 6 weeks of storage. However, it has not been able to increase the chemical stability of asiaticoside during 5 weeks of storage.  "