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"Diabetes mellitus is a common disease describe as a systemic disease of carbohydrate metabolism caused by a relative or absolute deficiency of insulin. This condition is characterized by hyperglycemia, glucosuria, polyuria, polydipsia, pruritis and weight loss. Diabetes mellitus in itself does not cause periodontal disease, however diabetics or patients with an increased blood glucose concentration (>200mg/dl) tend to have increased incidence and severity of periodontal disease. Patient with diabetics above 50 years old (3 cases) radiografically can be seen as alveolar bone loss in maxilla and mandible. Alveolar bone loss is seen larger in the posterior maxilla region. The vascular alteration in diabetics may enhance the susceptibility of periodontium to become periodontitis and serve as etiology factor in pathologic bone resorption."

"Low oral health literacy has been associated with poor awareness and understanding of oral health care needs among diabetes patients. Specifically, the association between diabetes and periodontal disease is not known to them. Objective: To develop a literacy-appropriate health education package to create public awareness on periodontaldisease and diabetes. In spite of the rising prevalence of both diseases, many people remain unaware of their early signs and relationship with each other. Methods: We divided the study into three phases: needs assessment, development of the package and evaluation of the package. Phase 1 was conducted via a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) involving periodontitis patients with diabetes recruited from the UKM Dental Faculty patient list. For phase 2, we developed three video clips of 5-minutes duration each, based on the themes that emerged from the FGD. Phase 3 was conducted using a set of self-administered questionnaires distributed to the public and patients. Results: Sixtyrespondents viewed the videos and at least 95% found them interesting, easily understood, useful and satisfactory. There were however some suggestions for improvement. Conclusion: The health education package developed in this study was literacy-appropriate for the general public and should be made accessible to them. "

"Background: thyroid dysfunction is more likely to occur in diabetes mellitus patients than general population. Until now, no study has been done to find prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in Indonesian diabetics. This study aimed to find the proportion and characteristics of thyroid dysfunction in Indonesian type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in Endocrine and Diabetes Polyclinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from July to September 2015. This study include type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, age ≥ 18 year-old, willing to undergo thyroid laboratory testing. In this study, hypothyroidism defined as TSH more than 4.0 mIU/L, while hyperthyroidism is defined as TSH less than 0.4 mIU/L with eCLIA. Results: from 364 subjects who were recruited from Endocrine and Diabetes Polyclinic, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, 303 subjects underwent this study until analysis. Two hundred and three (273) subjects (90.1%) were euthyroid, 7 subjects (2.31%) were hyperthyroid, and 23 subjects (7.59%) were hypothyroid. Majority of the patients had subclinical hypothyroidism (56.5% based on Zulewski and Billewicz Score and 65.2% based on fT4 laboratory result), while 42.9% and 71.4% subjects had clinical hyperthyroidism based on clinical appearance and fT4 laboratory result respectively. Conclusion: proportion of hypothyroidism was 7.59% and hyperthyroidism was 2.31%, while the proportion of total thyroid dysfunction was 9.9% among diabetics. It is suggested that screening for thyroid dyscfunction can be done in high risk condition as a part of comprehensive management in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

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Latar belakang: disfungsi tiroid lebih banyak terjadi pada pasien diabetes dibandingkan populasi umum. Sampai saat ini belum ada penelitian yang menemukan prevalensi hipotiroidisme dan hipertiroidisme pada pasien diabetes mellitus di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan proporsi dan karakteristik disfungsi tiroid pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Indonesia.

Metode: penelitian potong lintang dilakukan di Poliklinik Endokrin dan Diabetes Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo pada bulan Juli hingga September 2015. Penelitian ini mengikutsertakan pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2, usia di atas 18 tahun, dan bersedia melakukan pemeriksaan laboratorium fungsi tiroid. Dalam penelitian ini, hipotiroidisme didefinisikan TSH lebih dari 4,0 mIU/L, sementara hipertiroidisme didefinisikan TSH kurang dari 0,4 mIU/L menggunakan metode eCLIA. Hasil: dari 364 subjek yang direkrut di Poliklinik Endokrin dan Diabetes Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo, sebanyak 303 subjek mengikuti penelitian hingga analisis. Dua ratus tujuh puluh tiga (273) (90,1%) subjek eutiroidisme, 7 (2,31%) subjek hipertiroidisme, dan 23 (7,59%) subjek hipotiroidisme. Sebagian besar subjek termasuk hipotiroidisme subklinis (56,5% berdasarkan Index Zulewski dan Billewicz, 65,2% berdasarkan pemeriksaan fT4), sementara 42,9% dan 71,4% subjek termasuk kategori hipertiroidisme klinis masing-masing berdasarkan tampilan klinis dan pemeriksaan fT4.

Kesimpulan: pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2, proporsi hipotiroidisme adalah 7.59% dan proporsi hipertiroidisme adalah 2.31% sehingga secara total, disfungsi tiroid memiliki proporsi sebesar 9.9%. Disarankan skrining fungsi tiroid dilakukan pada pasien risiko tinggi sebagai manajemen komprehensif pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2"

"The treatment of diabetes mellitus patient who had periodontal abscess requires a careful management and good cooperation with an internist. Periodontal abscess management technique on diabetic patient is not quite different from other periodontal diseases nevertheless the dentist needs to complete examination, mainly blood glucose level must be checked, pre and post treatment. The objective of this report is to know the result of periodontal abscess management in uncontrol diabetic patient aged 55 years by flap approach technique, it showed satisfactory result two months after treatment."

"ABSTRAKKaki diabetik merupakan komplikasi yang sangat menakutkan bagi pasien DM karenaresiko amputasi yang sangat tinggi. Tujuan Penelitian: menganalisis faktor-faktor yangberkontribusi terhadap kejadian kaki diabetik. Peuelitian ini merupakan penelitiandeskriptif analitik dengan pengumpulan data secara cross sectional. Sampel sebanyak136 pasien DM yang mempunyai kelainan benluk kaki dan Iuka kaki. Pada penelitian inipengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu dengan cara observasi dan kuesioner. Hasilpenelitian analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan senam kaki, perawatankaki, kepatuhan dalam pencegahan Iuka, kontrol gula darah, pengetahuan, dan dietdengan kejadian kaki diabetik. Scdangkan secara analisis multivariat hanya ada 3variabel yang merupakan faktor paling berkontribusi yaitu senam kaki, kepatuhan dalam pencegahan luka dan pengetahuan. Rekomendasi hasil penelitian ini adalah melakukan konseling secara rutin, klub diabetes, dan rutinitas melakukan senam diabetes."

"Penyakit jantung masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia dan menjadi penyakit penyebab kematian tertinggi. Berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2018 prevalensi penyakit jantung mencapai 1,5%. Salah satu faktor resiko utama dari penyakit jantung adalah diabetes melitus (DM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan akurasi model prediksi kejadian penyakit jantung pada penderita DM di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sampel BPJS Kesehatan tahun 2015-2021 dengan pendekatan berbasis machine learning dan menggunakan metode random survival forest. Hasil penelitian pada kelompok penderita DM tipe 1, hasil akurasi tertinggi didapatkan nilai C-index sebesar 0,645 dengan nilai AUC sebesar 0,8. Maka disimpulkan bahwa dalam memprediksi kejadian jantung pada penderita DM dengan menggunakan data sampel BPJS Kesehatan Tahun 2015-2021, random survival forest memiliki kemampuan 64,5% untuk memprediksi dengan benar penderita DM tipe 1 yang mengalami kejadian penyakit jantung dan yang tidak mengalami kejadian penyakit jantung. Sedangkan pada kelompok penderita DM tipe 2, hasil akurasi tertinggi didapatkan nilai C-index sebesar 0,631 dengan nilai AUC sebesar 0,657. Maka disimpulkan bahwa dalam memprediksi kejadian jantung pada penderita DM dengan menggunakan data sampel BPJS Kesehatan Tahun 2015-2021, random survival forest memiliki kemampuan 63,1% untuk memprediksi dengan benar penderita DM tipe 2 yang mengalami kejadian penyakit jantung dan yang tidak mengalami kejadian penyakit jantung.

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Heart disease is still a global health problem throughout the world including Indonesia and is the highest cause of death. Based on Riskesdas 2018 data, the prevalence of heart disease reached 1,5%. One of the main risk factors for heart disease is diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aims to obtain the accuracy of the prediction model of heart disease incidence in DM patients in Indonesia. This study used BPJS Kesehatan sample data for 2015-2021 with a machine learning-based approach and using the random survival forest method. The results of the study in the group of patients with T1D, the highest accuracy results obtained a C-index value of 0,645 with an AUC value of 0,8. So it was concluded that in predicting cardiac events in DM patients using BPJS Health sample data for 2015-2021, the random survival forest has the ability of 64,5% to correctly predict T1D patients who experience heart disease events and who do not experience heart disease events. While in the group of patients with T2D, the highest accuracy results obtained a C-index value of 0,631 with an AUC value of 0,657. So it was concluded that in predicting cardiac events in DM patients using BPJS Health sample data for 2015-2021, the random survival forest has the ability of 63,1% to correctly predict T2D patients who experience heart disease events and who do not experience heart disease events."

"Latar Belakang: Beberapa penelitian telah membuktikan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh pada maturasi fistula arteriovenosa, namun pengaruh profil lipid (LDL,HDL, Trigliserida, Kolesterol total) belum terlalu jelas.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh profil lipid pada maturasi fistula arteriovenosa pada pasien penyakit ginjal tahap akhir dengan komorbid diabetes mellitus tipe 2.Metode: Desain yang digunakan adalah desain potong lintang. Penelitian ini mengambil data sekunder dari penelitian dr. Dedy Pratama, SpBSubVE yang melakukan penelitian di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, RS Hermina Bekasi Barat, dan RS Hermina Depok pada pasien penyakit gagal ginjal tahap akhir dengan diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dan dilakukan operasi fistula arteriovenosa brachiocefalica.Hasil: Total sampel 67, sampel terbanyak berjenis kelamin laki-laki 34 (50,7%) sedangkan perempuan sebanyak 33 (49,3%). Sebanyak 47 (70,1%) matur, sedangkan yang tidak matur 20 (29,9%). Didapatkan nilai rerata LDL pada sampel matur FAV 110,13(32,786) dan tidak matur 135,6(39,317) P=0,008. Didapatkan diameter arteri brachialis pre operasi 4,25 mm(0,68) pada kelompok matur, 3,85(0,69) pada tidak matur P=0,029. Volume aliran pasca operasi 568,48(44,9-1451) pada kelompok matur, 347,12(43,1-1295) pada kelompok tidak matur dengan P=0,031. Usia, hipertensi, merokok, gula darah sewaktu, indeks massa tubuh, trigliserida, HDL, kolesterol total, volume aliran pre operasi, IMT feeding artery, PSV feeding artery per dan pasca operasi tidak berpengaruh pada maturasi.Simpulan: Nilai LDL lebih tinggi dari 119,5 mg/dL dapat menurunkan angka maturasi FAV pada pasien PGTA dengan DM tipe 2. Sedangkan kolesterol total, HDL, dan trigliserida pada penelitian ini tidak berpengaruh pada maturasi FAV.

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Background: Several studies have shown the factors that influence the maturation of arteriovenous fistulas, but the effect of the lipid profile (LDL, HDL, triglycerides, total cholesterol) is not clear.

Objective: To determine the effect of lipid profiles on the maturation of arteriovenous fistulas in end-stage renal disease patients with comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Method: The design used is a cross-sectional design. This study took secondary data from the research of dr. Dedy Pratama, SpBSubVE who conducted research at RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, West Bekasi Hermina Hospital, and Hermina Depok Hospital in patients with end-stage renal failure with type 2 diabetes mellitus and undergoing surgery for fistula arteriovenosa brachiocefalica.

Results: The total sample was 67, the largest sample was male 34 (50.7%), while the female was 33 (49.3%). A total of 47 (70.1%) were mature, while 20 (29.9%) were not mature. The average value of LDL in the mature FAV sample was 110.13 (32.786) and the immature sample was 135.6 (39.317) P = 0.008. The preoperative brachial artery diameter was 4.25 mm (0.68) in the mature group, 3.85 (0.69) in the immature P = 0.029. Postoperative flow volume was 568.48 (44.9-1451) in the mature group, 347.12 (43.1-1295) in the immature group with P = 0.031. Age, hypertension, smoking, temporary blood sugar, body mass index, triglycerides, HDL, total cholesterol, preoperative flow volume, BMI of artery feeding, PSV feeding arteries per and postoperatively had no effect on maturation.

Conclusion: LDL values higher than 119.5 mg/dL can reduce the maturation rate of AVF in ESRD patients with type 2 diabetes. Meanwhile, total cholesterol, HDL, and triglycerides in this study had no effect on FAV maturation."

"Depresi banyak ditemui pada orang dengan penyakit kronis, antara lain diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Salah satu penelitian menemukan bahwa sekitar 45% dari seluruh menderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 yang mengalami gangguan depresi namun tidak menjadi perhatian. Pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 yang depresi mengalami dampak yang cukup besar terhadap kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik kuantitatif potong lintang (cross sectional) untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara gangguan depresi dengan kualitas hidup pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Poliklinik Endokrin RSCM. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan kualitas hidup pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 yang mengalami gangguan depresi secara keseluruhan lebih buruk dibandingkan yang tidak mengalami gangguan depresi. Pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 yang mengalami gangguan depresi memiliki dampak yang cukup besar terhadap kualitas mereka.

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Depression is commonly found in people with chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus type 2. One study found that approximately 45% of all diabetes mellitus type 2 who suffered from depression but was not a concern. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with depression experience a considerable impact on quality of life. The methodology of this study is a cross-sectional quantitative analytic to investigate the relationship between depression and quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in the Endocrine Clinic RSCM. The results of this study states the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have depressive disorders are generally worse than that is not experiencing depression. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who experience depression have a considerable impact on their quality of life."

"Diabetes mellitus menyebabkan seseorang menjadi lebih rentan untuk terkena infeksi tuberkulosis paru. Tuberkulosis sendiri merupakan penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan mengendalikan faktor risiko yang ada, salah satunya adalah konsumsi alkohol. Studi cross-sectional analitik ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsumsi alkohol dengan prevalensi tuberkulosis pada pasien diabetes mellitus di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo tahun 2010. Data yang diperlukan diperoleh melalui rekam medis, dan didapatkan 462 data. Sebanyak 89.39% pasien tidak mempunyai riwayat mengonsumsi alkohol, dan 10.61% sisanya mempunyai riwayat mengonsumsi alkohol. Dari hasil analisis dengan uji chi square, tidak didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara konsumsi alkohol dengan tuberkulosis dengan nilai p 0.107 (> 0.005). Hasil ini sesuai dengan penelitian lain dengan populasi di India Selatan yang menyatakan bahwa pengonsumsian alkohol bukan merupakan faktor risiko penting terhadap terjadinya tuberkulosis. Meskipun demikian, untuk penelitian selanjutnya disarankan agar data diperoleh lewat pengisian kuisioner sehingga pola pengonsumsian alkohol untuk masing-masing individu dapat diketahui.Diabetes mellitus makes someone more vulnerable to get tuberculosis infection. Tuberculosis itself can be prevented by controlling its risk factors, one of which is alcohol consumption. This analitical cross-sectional study intends to understand the associaton between alcohol consumption with tuberculosis prevalence on patient with diabetes mellitus at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in 2010. Data needed for this study was obtained from medical records, and total data obtained is 462 data. As many as 89.39% patients have no alcohol cosumption record, and the rest 10.61% have it. From data analysis with chi square, the result shows no significant association between alcohol consumption with tuberucolsis (p value0.107). This result is the same with other study in South India which showed that alcohol consumption is not an important risk factor for tuberculosis. However, for the future study, it is mentioned to get the data from questionnaire so that individual pattern of alcohol consumption can be better understood."