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"Reviewed indicators of National Household Health Survey (NHHS) 1995 were done to know wheter the target of dental health for all by the year 2000 which was the program goals has been achieved. The indicators reviewed were index DMF-T, prevalence of dental caries, percent people with a minimum of 20 functional teeth and percent people with complete teeth. Index DMF-T is a total number of D-T (decayed teeth) score, M-F (missing teeth) score and F-T (filled teeth) score that shows level of seriousness of dental damage caused by dental caries/ cavity. The findings showed that indicator "DMF-T index among children aged 12 years" was low (2.21) and achieved the target. But it is not a positive one finding that the score was dominated by D-T score which have not been took up yet, and the high prevalence of population with dental caries experience which was covered 77% of children aged 12 years. Indicator "population aged 18 years that retain all their teeth" is not a sharp one because it is only show the retainning of the teeth without knowing the conditions of the teeth, loss or caries. Target year 2000 that was "75% population aged 35-44 years have a minimum of 20 functional teeth" has been achieved. Target year 2000 that was "50% population aged 65+ years have a minimum of 20 functional teeth" can not been achieved. Indicator of "children aged 5 years with caries free" was not collected by SKRT 1995, but it is needed to monitor the program prevention. Indicator "population with deep pocket" is important to know the damage of teeth that caused by periodontal diseases. It is recommended to have a comprehensive services which consist of promotion, protection, early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Indicator "prevalence of caries" on a couple of age groups is needed, and also indicator of "children aged 5 years with caries free" and "population with deep pocket" specifically on age 35-44 years and 65+ years."

"Improvement of human resources has the purpose of increasing the quality of service for patients in every treatment unit, which should be anticipated by the oral health unit in every hospital. Improvement of service quality can be obtained by increasing the number of dental units. Along with the increasing knowledge in the society, the need for special services as also expanding. This problem can be solved by increasing the number of specialists in dentistry through scholarships, provided for dentists with high achievements. The samples for this cross sectional designed research were taken from all non-educational class B government hospitals in Indonesia. The data were gathered by using questionnaire and guided in depth interviews. The data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that most hospitals have no completely with the dental unit is 78.8%. There are 14 hospital (42.4%) needs oral laboratory."

"Terdapatnya suatu jaminan kesehatan baru yang menggantikan jaminan kesehatan sebelumnya dapat membawa kebaikan ataupun keburukan bagi pengguna. Oleh sebeb itu, perlu adanya survei kepuasan kepada peserta pengguna tentang pelayanan yang diberikan oleh masing-masing jaminan kesehatan JPKM Jaminan Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Masyarakat ataupun JKN Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional di kota Sawahlunto. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan dan membandingkan antara sistem jaminan kesehatan JPKM dan JKN terhadap kepuasan peserta dalam pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut di kota Sawahlunto. Metode : menggunakan cross-sectional, dengan sampel pada penelitian ini diberikan kuesioner ServQual yang terdiri atas harapan dan kinerja. Subjek : Masyarakat yang pernah atau sedang menggunakan JPKM dan JKN, jumlahnya adalah 182 orang. Analisa : Kepuasan pengguna dilihat dengan menganalisa gap antara kinerja dan harapan pada status sosiodemografi dan uji komparasi Mann Whitney test untuk melihat perbedaan kepuasan JPKM dan JKN. Kesimpulan hasil : terdapat perbedaan kepuasan pada dimensi assurance JKN kelompok usia, semakin muda tingkat kepuasannya semakin tinggi. Pada kelompok profesi PNS/pensiunan memiliki persepsi kepuasan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok profesi lainnya. Kemudian, dimensi assurance dan reliability memberikan pengaruh signifikan pada kepuasan total pengguna JPKM dan JKN. Selanjutnya, pengguna JPKM memiliki nilai hampir mendekati kepuasan dibandingkan JKN.

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The new health insurance which change the old insurance it doesn rsquo t absolutely have a goodness. Therefore, we need observe user satisfaction in dental health service which have been given to users by JPKM Sub regional Community Health Insurance and JKN National Health Insurance in Sawahlunto city.

Purpose to see the relationship and compare between JPKM system and JKN system to user satisfaction in dental health service.

Method it was cross sectional study, the subject for this study were given expectation ServQual questionnaire and perception ServQual questionnaire. Subject all users had experiences using JPKM and JKN or were current users in Sawahlunto city, a total are 182 people.

Analysis user satisfaction was identified by analizing gap between perception and expectation on sosiodemographic status and comparison test Mann Whitney test to see significantly differences.

Conclusion of findings on JKN assurance dimention there are differences of satisfaction based on age variable. On profession variables, PNS pensiunan group has higher satisfaction than other professions. Then, reliability and assurance dimentions give signifficant effect to total satisfaction, and JPKM user have higher satisfaction than JKN user."

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Pada kesempatan yang berbahagia ini saya akan mengemukakan pandangan mengenai peranan pelayanan kesehatan gigi anak dalam menunjang peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia di masa mendatang dalam menyongsong abad ke 21 yang penuh tantangan dan saingan. Pembangunan di bidang kesehatan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat agar tingkat kesehatan masyarakat menjadi lebih baik. Pembangunan di, bidang kesehatan gigi adalah bagian integral pembangunan kesehatan nasional. Ini berarti bahwa untuk melaksanakan pembangunan di bidang kesehatan, pembangunan di bidang kesehatan gigi tidak boleh ditinggalkan; juga sebaliknya bila ingin melaksanakan pembangunan di bidang kesehatan gigi, tidak boleh, melupakan kerangka. yang lebih luas, yaitu pembangunan di bidang kesehatan umumnya.

Di bidang kesehatan gigi indikator untuk penelitian epidemiologis sangat penting artinya bagi perencanaan pengembangan ketenagaan, material, dan penganggaran. Selain itu data penelitian epidemiologis juga diperlukan untuk pengembangan, evaluasi, dan pemantapan usaha pencegahan, kuratif, dan rehabilitatif di bidang kesehatan gigi baik regional maupun nasional. Peta dunia tentang distribusi kerusakan gigi (biasa disebut karies) menunjukkan perbedaan prevalensi dari tahun ke tahun pada beberapa negara. Terjadi penurunan frekuensi dari DMF-T (indeks kerusakan gigi dewasa) di negara maju, tetapi terjadi kenaikan pada negara yang sedang berkembang. Sebagian besar penurunan frekuensi karies gigi disebabkan karena adanya program pemberian fluor secara intensif antara lain melalui,air minum.

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"[ABSTRAKLatarbelakang: Perubahan akibat menua yang terjadi pada gigi dan jaringan sekitarnya dapat mempengaruh ikualitas hidup seseorang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara status kesehatan gigi mulu tdengan kualitas hidup lansia menggunakan alat ukur Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) dan Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Di Indonesia, masih banyak daerah yang tidak terjangkau dokter gigi, sehingga diperlukan alat ukur yang dapat digunakan oleh tenaga kesehatan selain dokter gigi dan kader. Tujuan: Uji kesepakatan antar rater, validasi dan reliabilitas OHAT dan GOHAI, menganalisis hubungan kesehatan gigi mulut dan kualitas hidup serta mengetahui faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan gigi mulut dan kualitas hidup lansia. Metode: Potong Lintang. Pencatatan data sosiodemografis dan pemeriksaan intraoral. Wawancara untuk pengisian kuesioner kualitas hidup lansia. Hasil: Penilaian antar rater dengan uji Kappa menunjukkan konsistensi yang cukup baik. Alat ukur kualitas hidup valid dan reliabel. Padauji chi-square, tidak terdapat hubungan antara status kesehatan gigi mulut dankualitas hidup. Kesehatan gigi mulut berhubungan bermaknadengan jenis kelamin (p=0.026) dan pendidikan (p=0.015). Kualitas hidup berhubungan bermakna dengan tingkat ekonomi (p=0.01). Kesimpulan: Alat ukur Oral Health Assessment Tool dan Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index dapat digunakan di Indonesia. Tidak ada hubungan antara status kesehatan gigi mulut dan kualitas hidup lansia di Indonesia. Jenis kelamin merupakan faktor yang paling mempengaruhi kualitas hidup lansia.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Alterations on oral tissue due to aging may affect one's quality of life (QoL). This study is to analyze the association between oral health status and QoL of the elders, using Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). In Indonesia, many region are inaccessible by dentist, ergo an assessment tool that could be exercised by health care professionals other than dentist and caregiver is required. Objective: To analyze the inter-rater agreement, to validate the reliability of OHAT & GOHAI, to analyze the association between oral health status and QoL of the elders, and to explore the key factor. Methodology: Cross-sectional. Sociodemographic data were obtained, intraoral examination and interview for QoL questionnaire were conducted. Result: Kappa test result showed a substantial aggrement and QoL assessment tool was reported to be valid and reliable. Chi-square test result indicated that there was no significant relation between oral health status and QOL. However, significant relation was found between oral health status and sex (p = 0.026) and education (p = 0.015). Significant relation was also found between QoL and economy status (p = 0.01). Conclusion: OHAT and GOHAI were applicable in Indonesia. There were no association between oral health status and QOL of the elders in Indonesia. Sex is the key factor in determining QoL of the elders.;Background: Alterations on oral tissue due to aging may affect one's quality of life (QoL). This study is to analyze the association between oral health status and QoL of the elders, using Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). In Indonesia, many region are inaccessible by dentist, ergo an assessment tool that could be exercised by health care professionals other than dentist and caregiver is required. Objective: To analyze the inter-rater agreement, to validate the reliability of OHAT & GOHAI, to analyze the association between oral health status and QoL of the elders, and to explore the key factor. Methodology: Cross-sectional. Sociodemographic data were obtained, intraoral examination and interview for QoL questionnaire were conducted. Result: Kappa test result showed a substantial aggrement and QoL assessment tool was reported to be valid and reliable. Chi-square test result indicated that there was no significant relation between oral health status and QOL. However, significant relation was found between oral health status and sex (p = 0.026) and education (p = 0.015). Significant relation was also found between QoL and economy status (p = 0.01). Conclusion: OHAT and GOHAI were applicable in Indonesia. There were no association between oral health status and QOL of the elders in Indonesia. Sex is the key factor in determining QoL of the elders.;Background: Alterations on oral tissue due to aging may affect one's quality of life (QoL). This study is to analyze the association between oral health status and QoL of the elders, using Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). In Indonesia, many region are inaccessible by dentist, ergo an assessment tool that could be exercised by health care professionals other than dentist and caregiver is required. Objective: To analyze the inter-rater agreement, to validate the reliability of OHAT & GOHAI, to analyze the association between oral health status and QoL of the elders, and to explore the key factor. Methodology: Cross-sectional. Sociodemographic data were obtained, intraoral examination and interview for QoL questionnaire were conducted. Result: Kappa test result showed a substantial aggrement and QoL assessment tool was reported to be valid and reliable. Chi-square test result indicated that there was no significant relation between oral health status and QOL. However, significant relation was found between oral health status and sex (p = 0.026) and education (p = 0.015). Significant relation was also found between QoL and economy status (p = 0.01). Conclusion: OHAT and GOHAI were applicable in Indonesia. There were no association between oral health status and QOL of the elders in Indonesia. Sex is the key factor in determining QoL of the elders.;Background: Alterations on oral tissue due to aging may affect one's quality of life (QoL). This study is to analyze the association between oral health status and QoL of the elders, using Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). In Indonesia, many region are inaccessible by dentist, ergo an assessment tool that could be exercised by health care professionals other than dentist and caregiver is required. Objective: To analyze the inter-rater agreement, to validate the reliability of OHAT & GOHAI, to analyze the association between oral health status and QoL of the elders, and to explore the key factor. Methodology: Cross-sectional. Sociodemographic data were obtained, intraoral examination and interview for QoL questionnaire were conducted. Result: Kappa test result showed a substantial aggrement and QoL assessment tool was reported to be valid and reliable. Chi-square test result indicated that there was no significant relation between oral health status and QOL. However, significant relation was found between oral health status and sex (p = 0.026) and education (p = 0.015). Significant relation was also found between QoL and economy status (p = 0.01). Conclusion: OHAT and GOHAI were applicable in Indonesia. There were no association between oral health status and QOL of the elders in Indonesia. Sex is the key factor in determining QoL of the elders., Background: Alterations on oral tissue due to aging may affect one's quality of life (QoL). This study is to analyze the association between oral health status and QoL of the elders, using Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). In Indonesia, many region are inaccessible by dentist, ergo an assessment tool that could be exercised by health care professionals other than dentist and caregiver is required. Objective: To analyze the inter-rater agreement, to validate the reliability of OHAT & GOHAI, to analyze the association between oral health status and QoL of the elders, and to explore the key factor. Methodology: Cross-sectional. Sociodemographic data were obtained, intraoral examination and interview for QoL questionnaire were conducted. Result: Kappa test result showed a substantial aggrement and QoL assessment tool was reported to be valid and reliable. Chi-square test result indicated that there was no significant relation between oral health status and QOL. However, significant relation was found between oral health status and sex (p = 0.026) and education (p = 0.015). Significant relation was also found between QoL and economy status (p = 0.01). Conclusion: OHAT and GOHAI were applicable in Indonesia. There were no association between oral health status and QOL of the elders in Indonesia. Sex is the key factor in determining QoL of the elders.]"

"Latar Belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 berdampak pada seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia, tak terkecuali bidang kedokteran gigi. Pengunaan rotary instrument memungkinkan aerosol atau droplet yang berisi saliva dan darah tersebar di lingkungan praktik gigi dan menjadikan lingkungan praktik dokter gigi berisiko tinggi infeksi COVID-19. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk melakukan pedoman modifikasi dan penguatan SOP praktik sesuai dengan yang telah ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara berbagai faktor sosiodemografi, karakteristik pekerjaan, kecemasan, pengetahuan, dan pengalaman pelatihan dengan modifikasi dan penguatan SOP praktik dokter gigi pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di DKI Jakarta. Metode: Studi cross-sectional dengan metode purposive sampling menggunakan kuesioner daring kepada 184 dokter gigi di DKI Jakarta pada Oktober hingga Desember 2021. Kuesioner berisi 40 pertanyaan meliputi sosiodemografi, karakteristik pekerjaan, kecemasan, pengetahuan, pengalaman pelatihan, dan modifikasi dan penguatan SOP praktik dokter gigi. Uji bivariat Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, dan Spearman dilakukan untuk analisis statistik. Hasil: Sebagian dokter gigi (56%) merasa cemas terkait pandemi COVID-19. Lebih dari 95% dokter gigi telah mengetahui dengan benar manfaat penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD), kebersihan tangan, serta menghindari tindakan yang menghasilkan droplet dan aerosol. Namun hanya 65-75% responden yang mengetahui disinfeksi dan pemasangan serta pelepasan APD yang tepat. Selain itu, pelatihan mengenai modifikasi dan penguatan SOP praktik dokter gigi baru diikuti oleh sebagian responden (54.9%). Uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik (p<0.05) antara item pengalaman pelatihan dengan modifikasi dan penguatan SOP praktik. Uji Spearman menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif lemah yang signifikan secara statistik (p<0.05) antara item pengetahuan dengan modifikasi dan penguatan SOP praktik. Kesimpulan: Secara umum, dokter gigi di DKI Jakarta telah melakukan modifikasi dan penguatan SOP praktik dengan baik meskipun praktik yang lebih rendah ditemukan pada beberapa komponen, seperti penggunaan rubber dam dan High-Volume Evacuator (HVE) atau saliva ejector bervolume tinggi, serta pemeriksaan COVID-19 kepada pasien sebelum melakukan perawatan gigi. Modifikasi dan penguatan SOP praktik dokter gigi memiliki asosiasi dengan pengalaman pelatihan dan pengetahuan.

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on all aspects of human life, include dentistry. The use of a rotary instruments allow aerosols or droplets containing saliva and blood to be dispersed in the dental practice environment and make the dental environment at a high risk place for COVID-19 transmission. Therefore, it is important to carry out the practice modification guidelines that have been established. This study aims to determine the relationship between various sociodemographic factors, job characteristics, anxiety, knowledge, and training experience with dental practice modifications during the COVID-19 pandemic in DKI Jakarta.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted online using purposive sampling method, including 184 dentists in DKI Jakarta collected from October to December 2021. The questionnaire contains 40 questions covering sociodemography, job characteristics, anxiety, knowledge, training experience, and practice modification of the respondents. Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman Tests were performed for statistical analysis.

Results: Some dentists (56%) feel anxious about the COVID-19 pandemic. More than 95% of dentists are well aware of the benefits of using Personal Protective Equipment, hand hygiene, and avoiding procedures that generate droplets and aerosols. However, only 65-75% of respondents are aware of workplace disinfection and the proper donning and doffing of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). In addition, training on dental practice modification was attended by some of the respondents (54.9%). The Mann-Whitney test showed a statistically significant difference between training experience and practice modification (p<0.05). Spearman's test showed a statistically significant difference with weak positive correlation between knowledge and practice modification (p<0.05).

Conclusion: In general, dentists in DKI Jakarta have modified their practice well, although lower practice was found in several components, such as the use of rubber dam and High-Volume Evacuator (HVE) or high-volume saliva ejector, and COVID-19 test on patients before dental treatment. Dental practice modification is associated with training experience and knowledge."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Diagnosis dari fraktur mandibula diperlukan pemeriksaan klinis dan evaluasi radiologi yang akurat. Pemeriksaan radiolografis diperlukan untuk pemeriksaan ketebalan tulang dan evaluasi dari kondisi tulang tersebut, sehingga dapat mengurangi resiko terjadinya kerusakan struktur anatomi tulang antara lain cedera akar gigi dan kanalis mandibula.CBCT merupakan radiografis teknologi digital tiga dimensi yang dapat digunakan untuk melihat kondisi tulang tersebut. Tujuan: Mengetahui ketebalan tulang kortikal bukal dan tulang bukal pada regio gigi C P1 P2, serta ketebalan tulang kortikal regio foramen mental yang diukur menggunakan CBCT pada pria jika dibandingkan dengan wanita. Metode Penelitian: 32 sampel penelitian terdiri dari 16 pria dan 16 wanita yang merupakan pasien di RSGM RE Martadinata Ladokgi. Hasil foto radiografis CBCT dilakukan pengukuran ketebalan tulang kortikal bukal, tulang bukal pada regio gigi C P1 P2, dan ketebalan tulang kortikal regio foramen mental. Hasil: Ketebalan tulang kortikal bukal dan tulang bukal regio gigi C P1 P2, serta ketebalan tulang kortikal regio foramen mental jika dibandingkan antara pria terhadap wanita terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) dimana pada pria menunjukkan nilai yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada wanita. Kesimpulan: Ketebalan tulang kortikal bukal dan tulang bukal regio gigi C P1 P2, serta ketebalan tulang kortikal regio foramen mental yang diukur menggunakan CBCT menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda antara pria dan wanita.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Accurate clinical examinations and radiographic evaluations are required to construct a proper diagnosis for mandibular fractures. To reduce risks of anatomical bone damages such as injuries to dental roots or mandibular canal, radiographic examinations are suggested to determine bone thickness and evaluate bone conditions. CBCT is a digital 3D radiographic technology used in such circumstances. Aim: To determine mandibular buccal cortical bone and buccal bone thickness in canine, first premolar and second premolar region and cortical bone thickness in mental foramen region under gender differentiation using CBCT. Research Method: 32 subjects comprised of 16 male and 16 female patients from RSGM RE Martadinata Ladokgi Hospital; with CBCT radiographs analyzed to determine mandibular buccal cortical bone and buccal bone thickness in canine, first premolar and second premolar region and cortical bone thickness in mental foramen region. Results: There is a significant differences (p<0.05) between females? and males? thickness of mandibular buccal cortical bone and buccal bone in canine, first premolar and second premolar region and the thickness of cortical bone in mental foramen region. Male subjects was found to have greater number of thickness compared to those of females?. Conclusion: Determination of mandibular buccal cortical bone and buccal bone thickness in canine, first premolar and second premolar region and cortical bone thickness in mental foramen region under different gender using CBCT, showed a different result."