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"Infertilitas merupakan penyakit yang kompleks dan dapatdisebabkan oleh faktor laki-laki dan perempuan. Etiologi darikedua faktor infertilitas tersebut perlu ditelusuri lebih lanjut.Terdapat beberapa pendekatan untuk memahami infertilitas,salah satunya adalah epigenetik. Modifikasi epigenetik terdiridari metilasi DNA, modifikasi histon, dan pembentukankromatin. Sel germinal laki-laki dan perempuan mengalamimodifikasi epigenetik secara dinamis dan membentuk sel spermadan oosit yang matang. Pada laki-laki, perubahan metilasi DNApada spermatogenesis dapat menyebabkan kelainan berupaoligo/astenozoospermia. Selain itu, metilasi dan asetilasi histonserta modifikasi histon lainnya dapat menyebabkan spermatidak mampu untuk membuahi oosit. Serupa dengan laki-laki,pada perempuan pun dapat terjadi perubahan metilasi DNAdan modifikasi histon yang dapat mempengaruhi oogenesis,menciptakan anueploidi pada oosit yang terbuahi, danmengakibatkan kematian janin di uterus. Perubahan pada polamodifikasi epigenetik dapat mengakibatkan infertilitas, baikpada laki-laki maupun perempuan."

"Skripsi ini ditujukan untuk merancang Penguat Derau Rendah hibrid yang bekerja pada frekuensi 13 MHz untuk aplikasi implan medis dengan memodifikasi topologi current reuse. Induktor yang terhubung dengan terminal source pada sisi common gate di topologi konvensional current reuse digantikan oleh resistor, sehingga rangkaian yang diusulkan dapat bekerja pada frekuensi rendah secara optimal. Analisa matematis pada impedansi masukan dan penguatan telah dilakukan untuk mengoptimasi setiap nilai komponen elektronika dalam rangkaian. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi, didapat rangkaian Penguat Derau Rendah berpenguatan 20,85 dB dengan noise figure 15,78 dB yang bekerja pada frekuensi 13 MHz. Konsumsi daya yang dibutuhkan oleh rangkaian ini sebesar 1,644 mW. Desain Penguat Derau Rendah ini telah dirancang pada PCB (printed circuit board) dan telah dilakukan pengujian parameter-S. Akan tetapi hasil pengujian yang dilakukan tidak sesuai dengan simulasi karena MOSFET yang digunakan tidak dapat bekerja secara optimal.

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This thesis is intended to design a hybrid Low Noise Amplifier that work at 13 MHz by modifying the current reuse topology. The inductor connected to the source terminal on the common gate side in the conventional current reuse topology is replaced by resistor, so the proposed circuit can work at low frequency optimally. Mathematical analysis of input impedance and gain has been carried out to optimize each value of electronic components in the circuit. Based on the simulation results, obtained gain of Low Noise Amplifiers is 20.85 dB with a noise figure 15.78 dB that works at 13 MHz. The power consumption required by this circuit is 1.644 mW. This Low Noise Amplifier design has been designed on a PCB (printed circuit board) and has been tested for S-parameters. However, the results of the tests performed did not match the simulation because the MOSFETs used could not work optimally."

"ABSTRACT

Proses pengembalian rekam medis pasien rawat jalan di RSUP Fatmawati masih belum optimal, ditunjukan dengan penyelenggaraan yang belum sesuai dengan peraturan, masih ada rekam medis yang terlambat, bahkan tidak kembali dari Instalasi Rawat Jalan IRJ ke Instalasi Rekam Medis dan Pusat Data Informasi IRMPDI pada hari dimana rekam medis digunakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan hasil analisis proses pengembalian rekam medis pasien rawat jalan dari IRJ ke IRMPDI dengan pendekatan lean six sigma. Jenis penelitian ini adalah operational research, dengan desain penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian digambarkan dengan value stream mapping yang memperlihatkan lead time proses pengembalian rekam medis pasien rawat jalan selama 183,09 menit dengan value added 41,55 menit 22,7 dan non value added 141,54 menit 77,3, proses paling lama terjadi pada langkah pengembalian rekam medis dari IRJ ke IRMPDI karena menunggu petugas IRMPDI mengambil rekam medis. Waste paling besar yaitu waste waiting sebesar 124,16 menit atau 87,72 dari total seluruh waste yang ditemukan. Berdasarkan analisis fishbone diagram diketahui bahwa akar penyebab masalah paling banyak berasal dari kategori man. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut diberikan usulan berupa pembuatan standarisasi kerja, penghitungan beban kerja, melakukan rapat koordinasi, membagi pekerjaan ke dalam periode waktu tertentu heijunka, dan meningkatkan pengawasan.

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ABSTRACT

The process of returning outpatient medical records at RSUP Fatmawati is not optimal enough, indicated by the process is not in accordance with existing regulations, medical records are late, and not returned from Outpatient Installation IRJ to Installation of Medical Record and Information Data Center IRMPDI at the same day when it used. The aim of this research is to get analysis result of outpatient medical records return process from IRJ to IRMPDI using lean six sigma approach. This research is operational research type that use quantity and quality design. The results of this research were described with the value stream mapping that showed lead time of outpatient medical records return process for 183,09 minutes, with value added 41,55 minutes 22,7 and non value added 141,54 minutes 77,3, the longest process occurs on returning of medical record form IRJ to IRMPDI due to the waiting of IRMPDI officers to take medical records. The biggest waste is waiting for amount of 124,16 minutes 87,72 of the total waste. Based on fishbone diagram analysis it is known that the root cause of medical record problem mostly comes from man category. Based on that analysis, an improvement proposal will be given as the following development of work standarization, workload calculation, coordination meeting, devide the work into a certain period of time implementation of heijunka, and improvement of supervision. "

"Summary "With this book nursing and health administration students can increase their understanding of the myriad global ethical issues. The book examines key issues of health services delivery (insurance, rationing of care, allocation of resources, and cost-containment) and the health care industry (corruption, kickbacks, and conflicts of interest) in both developing and developed countries. The book also considers cross-border issues that arise from the movement of patients and providers across national boundaries, such as treatment of undocumented aliens, medical tourism, and the "brain drain" of health care personnel from developing countries"--Provided by publisher.Contents Machine generated contents note: Introduction. -- Acknowledgments. -- The Author. -- 1 Ethical Theories and Bioethics in a Global Perspective. -- Theories of Ethics. -- Are Theories of Ethics Global? -- Can Theories of Ethics Encourage People to Do the Right Thing? -- 2 Autonomy and Informed Consent in Global Perspective. -- Ethical Principles and Practical Issues of Informed Consent. -- Does Informed Consent Really Matter to Patients? -- Is Informed Consent a Universal Principle or a Cultural Value? -- 3 Withholding or Withdrawing Treatment and Physician-Assisted Suicide. -- Withholding or Withdrawing Treatment at the End of Life. -- Assisting Patients in Committing Suicide. -- 4 Ethical Issues in Reproductive Health. -- Ethics of Abortion in Different Times, Places, and Cultures. -- Current Ethical Issues in Abortion. -- Assisted Reproductive Technology and Stem Cell Research. -- Emergency Contraception. -- Ethics of Imposing Conditions on Funding. -- 5 Ethical Issues of Female Genital Mutilation. -- The Facts About FGM. -- FGM as a Challenge to Ethical Relativism. -- Ethics of FGM for Adult Women. -- 6 Ethical Issues of Research with Human Subjects. -- Background Information and the Belmont Report. -- Autonomy and Voluntary Informed Consent. -- Beneficence and Cost-Benefit Analysis. -- Issues of Justice and Fairness for Human Subjects. -- 7 The Right to Health Care, and Ethical Obligations to Provide Care. -- Is There an Ethical Right to Health Care? -- Ethical Obligations of Health Care Professionals. -- Ethical Obligations of for-Profit Health Care Providers. -- 8 Ethical Issues in Rationing and Allocation of Limited Resources. -- Levels of Allocating Resources. -- Methods of Rationing Health Resources. -- Comparative Effectiveness Research and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. -- 9 Ethical Issues of Health Insurance and Health System Reform. -- Ethical Issues in Financing Health Services and Designing Insurance Systems. -- Fundamental Values of Health Systems. -- 10 Ethical Issues in the Movement of Patients Across National Borders. -- Ethical Duties to Provide Health Care to Undocumented Aliens. -- Ethical Issues in Medical Tourism. -- 11 Ethical Issues in the Movement of Health Care Professionals Across National Borders. -- Ethical Issues in the Migration of Health Professionals. -- Proposed Solutions and Their Ethical Implications. -- Fair Treatment of Health Care Workers from Other Countries. -- 12 Corruption and Informal Payments in Health Systems. -- Payment of Informal Fees by Patients and Their Families. -- Is Corruption Bad for Your (and Other People's) Health? -- References. -- Index."