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"ABSTRAKThis dissertation is a study in diachronic perspective on the impact of recording technologies, more specifically cassette and video compact disc (VCD), on Indonesian local cultures and societies. It examines how modern reproduced sound, which is constantly proliferating and multiplying up to today through various (social) media, but initially facilitated by recording media technology through the agency of regional recording industries, has influenced the contours of Indonesian local cultures. The study relates Indonesia?s first encounter with recording technology, examines the nature and cultural ramifications of the expansion of recording technology among Indonesia?s ethnic groups, and looks at its engagement with other media. As a case study, the West Sumatran recording industry is explored, along with the commercial cassettes and VCDs it has produced."

"Due to the emergence of what in Indonesian is called industri rekaman daerah ?Indonesian regional recording industries?, which has developed significantly since the 1980s, many regional recording companies have been established in Indonesia. As a consequence, more and more aspects of Indonesian regional culture have appeared in commercial recordings. Nowadays commercial cassettes and Video Compact Discs (VCDs) of regional pop and oral literature genres from different ethnic groups are being produced and distributed in provincial and regency towns, even those situated far from the Indonesian capital of Jakarta. Considering the extensive mediation and commodification of ethnic cultures in Indonesia, this paper investigates the impact of the rise of a regional recording industry on Minangkabau oral literature in West Sumatra. Focussing on recordings of some Minangkabau traditional verbal art genres on commercial cassettes and VCDs by West Sumatran recording companies, this paper attempts to examine the way in which Minangkabau traditional verbal art performers have engaged with electronic communication, and how this shapes technological and commercial conditions for ethnic art and performance in one modernizing society in regional Indonesia."

"This paper looks at an early nineteenth-century Malay letter from a land of exile,Ceylon (present Sri Lanka). The letter, written in Colombo, was dated 3 January1807 and is in Leiden University Library MS Cod.Or.2241-I 25 [Klt 21/no.526]. Itwas written by Siti Hapipa, the widow of the exiled Sultan Fakhruddin AbdulKhair al-Mansur Baginda Usman Batara Tangkana Gowa, the 26th king of theGowa Sultanate of South Sulawesi who reigned from 1753 until 1767. He wasbanished by the Dutch (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie, VOC) to Ceylonin 1767 on a charge of conspiracy with the British to oppose the VOC tradingmonopoly in eastern Indonesia. Although many studies of Malay letters exist,letters from the lands of exile like such as the one discussed in this article havereceived less scholarly attention. Also remarkable is that this is one of the rareeighteenth- and nineteenth-centuries Malay letters written by a female. Settingthe scene with a historical sketch of the eighteenth and the early nineteenthcentury in colonial Ceylon and the Netherlands East Indies, this paper providesthe transliteration of Siti Hapipa?s letter in Roman script, through which Ithen analyse the socio-economic and political aspects of the family of SultanFakhruddin in their exile in Colombo."

"This paper looks at an early nineteenth-century Malay letter from a land of exile,Ceylon (present Sri Lanka). The letter, written in Colombo, was dated 3 January1807 and is in Leiden University Library MS Cod.Or.2241-I 25 [Klt 21/no.526]. Itwas written by Siti Hapipa, the widow of the exiled Sultan Fakhruddin AbdulKhair al-Mansur Baginda Usman Batara Tangkana Gowa, the 26th king of theGowa Sultanate of South Sulawesi who reigned from 1753 until 1767. He wasbanished by the Dutch (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie, VOC) to Ceylonin 1767 on a charge of conspiracy with the British to oppose the VOC tradingmonopoly in eastern Indonesia. Although many studies of Malay letters exist,letters from the lands of exile like such as the one discussed in this article havereceived less scholarly attention. Also remarkable is that this is one of the rareeighteenth- and nineteenth-centuries Malay letters written by a female. Settingthe scene with a historical sketch of the eighteenth and the early nineteenthcentury in colonial Ceylon and the Netherlands East Indies, this paper providesthe transliteration of Siti Hapipa?s letter in Roman script, through which Ithen analyse the socio-economic and political aspects of the family of SultanFakhruddin in their exile in Colombo."

"Fandom merupakan subkultur yang menjadi salah satu fitur penting dalam budayapopuler. Bagi industri K-Pop misalnya, kehadiran fandom berperan banyak untukmencapai popularitas. Kesuksesan BTS sebagai sebuah fenomena budaya juga tidaklepas dari dukungan fandomnya yaitu ARMY yang kini telah menjadi sebuah fandomglobal. Dengan fitur yang dimiliki masyarakat jejaring, fandom seperti ARMY sangataktif memproduksi media penggemar dan membagikannya di media sosial.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis etnografidigital terhadap ARMY yang aktif di media sosial khususnya Twitter. Teknikpengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara semi terstruktur sebagai dataprimer, sementara observasi pasif sebagai data sekunder.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan kegiatan produktivitas media fandom ditandaidengan membuat dan menyebarkan konten penggemar, melakukan promosi, danmemberikan afeksi kepada objek fandom. Dalam penelitian ini juga tergambarbagaimana produktivitas penggemar ini membentuk suatu budaya penggemar yangunik. Ikatan emosional yang dirasakan ARMY juga menjadi penting untuk menjagamereka untuk tetap loyal terhadap fandom.

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For the K-Pop industry, for example, the presence of fandom played a role in achievingpopularity. The success of BTS as a cultural phenomenon is also inseparable from thesupport of the fandom, ARMY, which has become a global fandom. With the featuresof the network society, fandoms like ARMY are very active in producing fan mediaand sharing them on social media.This study uses a qualitative approach with digital ethnographic analysis methods ofARMY who are active on social media, especially Twitter. The data technique usedwas semi-structured interviews as primary data, while passive observation wassecondary data.The results of this study indicate the productivity of fandom media that creates andapproaches fans, promotes, and gives affection to fandom objects. This research alsoillustrates how fan productivity forms a unique fan culture. The emotional bondbetween BTS and ARMY is also important to keep them loyal to the fandom"

"This study attempts to discuss the offensive policy taken by Partai Komunis Indonesia (Indonesia Communist Party) i cultural sphere, especially in film during the period of Demokrasi Terpimpin (1957-64). One of the implementation of the policy was the decision to stop the circulation of two films, Pagar Kawat Berduri and Anak Perawan di Sarang Penyamun, written by Asrul Sani and Usmar Ismail. By analyzing various written and audiovisual sources. This study concludes that the reason were more political. Film was not seen as a form of art, but was suspected as a threat to the political power of the party"

"Der andere Blick, Eine deutsche Leidenschaft namens Nudelsalat, dan Eine Germanistin im Haus erspart den Psychiater merupakan tiga cerita pendek karya Rafik Schami yang merupakan seorang imigran dari Syiria dan tinggal di Jerman. Rafik Schami memiliki ciri khas dan keunikan dalam gaya penulisannya. Terkadang, ia kerap membentuk kisahnya menjadi cerita di dalam cerita. Hal ini kemudian dapat kita analisa melalui teori naratologi. Pada cerpen - cerpen Schami, kita akan melihat bagaimana pandangan tokoh ich sebagai imigran terhadap budaya dan masyarakat Jerman. Ada beberapa budaya yang pada awalnya merupakan sesuatu yang fremd (asing) bagi dirinya, kemudian berubah menjadi bagian dari dirinya atau menjadi Eigenes setelah ia beradaptasi dengan budaya tersebut di Jerman. Hal ini dapat kita lihat melalui proses verstehen tokoh ich terhadap budaya Jerman tersebut.

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Der andere Blick, Eine deutsche Leidenschaft namens Nudelsalat, dan Eine Germanistin im Haus erspart den Psychiater are three short stories written by Rafik Schami, an immigrant from Syiria who lives in Germany. Rafik Schami has a unique writing style. He often uses frame narrative technique or a story within a story technique for his works. It can be analyzed by using narratology. In Schami's stories, we will see the perspective from ich character as an immigrant toward cultures and society in Germany. There were some cultures which at the first he considered as something fremd (strange), then it turned out to be a part of him or be Eigenes, after he adapted to the culture in Germany. This can be seen through verstehen process from ich character toward the German culture. "