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"Peningkatan PSA dapat ditemukan pada semua kelainan terkait prostat, baik keganasan kanker prostat maupun non-keganasan prostatitis . Terdapat hipotesis bahwa pemberian antibiotik diperkirakan dapat menurunkan kadar PSA. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat pengaruh pemberian antibiotik terhadap penurunan kadar PSA pada pasien yang menderita LUTS yang memiliki kadar PSA tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode randomisasi-terkontrol yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, kelompok yang mendapat terapi antibiotik dan kelompok yang mendapat plasebo diberikan selama 2 minggu. Nilai PSA diperiksa saat awal dan saat selesai obat. Biopsi prostat dilakukan pada saat selesai konsumsi obat. Tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara penggunaan antibiotik dengan penurunan kadar PSA pada penderita LUTS.

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To see the effect of antibiotic administrations on PSA level reduction in patients with LUTS who have high PSA level, subjects were collected from urology outpatient clinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital using consecutive sampling. Patients who have LUTS went through a selection process using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Selected patients were randomized into two different groups control who receive antibiotics and placebo group. Both groups were then given two weeks length of therapy, assessments for PSA levels before and after drug administrations, and a prostate biopsy at the end of drug administrations.There is no significant association between antibiotic and PSA level reduction in LUTS patients."

"Latar belakang: Adenokarsinoma prostat adalah keganasan tersering kedua yang dialami pria di Indonesia. Skor Gleason digunakan untuk mengklasifikasi tingkat diferensiasi dari tumor sedangkan menghitung kadar PSA digunakan sebagai salah satu cara untuk mendiagnosis kanker prostat.Tujuan: Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara skor Gleason dengan kadar PSA pada pasien adenokarsinoma prostat di departemen Patologi Anatomik RSCM. Metode Penelitian: Data dikumpulkan dari 77 sampel yang didapat dari form pemeriksaan hasil diagnosis pasien adenokarsinoma prostat tahun 2011 sampai 2014 di arsip Department Patologi Anatomik RSCM. Data diolah menggunakan analisis uji korelasi Kendall Tau-b di program SPSS 20.Hasil: Sebagian besar pasien datang dengan skor Gleason yang sudah tinggi skor Gleason >7. Nilai PSA terkecil yang didapat dari arsip departemen Patologi Anatomik sebesar 2,73 ng/ml, nilai tertinggi mencapai 7100 ng/ml. Nilai rata-rata PSA meningkat dengan meningkatnya skor Gleason. Rata-rata nilai PSA dari skor Gleason 6, 7, 8, 9, dan 10 adalah 46,641 ng/ml, 63,935 ng/ml, 231,762 ng/ml, 542,146 ng/ml, and 1044,348 ng/ml p = 0,003, r = 0,254. Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi yang lemah antara skor Gleason dengan nilai PSA pada pasien adenokarsinoma prostat di Department Patologi Anatomik RSCM. Nilai PSA meningkat seiring meningkatnya skor Gleason.

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Background: Prostatic adenocarcinoma is the second most frequent malignancies occur in men in Indonesia. Gleason score is used to classify the grading of the tumor and PSA is used as one of diagnostic tools for prostate cancer.

Aim: To identify the correlation between Gleason score and PSA level in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma at Department of Anatomical Pathology Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Method The data was obtained from 77 samples taken from request forms from patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma from 2011 to 2014 in the archive of Department of Anatomical Pathology and analyzed using Kendall Tau b rsquo s Rank Correlation in SPSS 20.

Result: Most patient came with high Gleason Score Gleason score 7 . The minimum PSA level obtained from the arcieve in Department of Anatomical Pathology is 2.73 ng ml and the highest value reached up to 7100 ng ml. The average PSA level increased with the Gleason score. Gleason score 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 has the average PSA level of 46.641 ng ml, 63.935 ng ml, 231.762 ng ml, 542.146 ng ml, and 1044.348 ng ml respectively p 0.003, r 0.254.

Conclusion: There is statistically weak significant correlation between Gleason score and PSA level in patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma in Department of Anatomical Pathology Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. PSA increased as the Gleason score increase."

"Latar belakang : Dalam pembuktian kasus persetubuhan, anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisik memiliki nilai bukti yang rendah. Dokter Forensik hanya dapat membuktikan persetubuhan dengan ditemukannya cairan mani atau sel sperma pada pemeriksaan penunjang. Baru-baru ini dikembangkan rapid test SD Bioline Semen Inspection yang sensitif dan spesifik untuk menemukan prostate-spesific antigen (PSA) yang merupakan salah satu dari kandungan cairan mani. Diharapkan metode ini dapat menjadi alternatif dalam pembuktian kasus persetubuhan. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui nilai diagnostik alat SD Bioline Semen Inspection dalam mendeteksi adanya PSA pada usapan vagina, dan gambaran perbandingan nilai diagnostiknya pada subyek yang bersetubuh antara 1-3 hari dan 4-7 hari sebelum dilakukan pemeriksaan. Metode : Uji diagnostik dengam metode potong lintang, membandingkan antara rapid test SD Bioline Semen Inspection dengan Automatic Immuno Assay (AIA). Hasil : Nilai diagnostik alat SD Bioline Semen Inspection pada penelitian ini menunjukkan sensitivitas 44,44%, spesifisitas 100%, nilai duga positif 100%, nilai duga negatif 86,11%, prevalensi 22,5% dan akurasi 87,5%. Pada subyek yang bersetubuh antara 1-3 hari sebelum pemeriksaan menunjukkan nilai diagnostik sensitivitas 50%, spesifisitas 100%, nilai duga positif 100%, nilai duga negatif 89,29%, prevalensi 9,35% dan akurasi 90,32%. Pada subyek yang bersetubuh antara 4-7 hari sebelum pemeriksaan menunjukkan nilai diagnostik sensitivitas 33,33%, spesifisitas 100%, nilai duga positif 100%, nilai duga negatif 75%, prevalensi 33,33% dan akurasi 77,78%. Kesimpulan : SD Bioline Semen Inspection dapat digunakan dalam pelayanan kedokteran Forensik untuk membuktikan adanya PSA, namun perlu dilakukan uji konfirmasi dengan modalitas lain jika didapatkan hasil negatif.

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Background : History and physical examination alone could not prove a sexual intercourse. Thus, forensic doctors also need to find evidence of seminal fluid or sperm in determining sexual intercourse. Recently, there is an advancement in diagnostic tool in examining prostate specific antigen (PSA) in seminal fluid, which is a SD Bioline Semen Inspection. As a rapid test, this diagnostic tool is expected to be used in daily practice as an alternative method in determining sexual intercourse.

Objective : To determine diagnostic value of SD Bioline Semen Inspection in detecting Prostate Specific Antigen ( PSA) from vaginal swabs; To have an overview of diagnostic value of SD Bioline Semen Inspection in detecting Prostate Specific Antigen ( PSA) between 1-3 days and 4-7 days of intercourse prior to the examination.

Methods: This study is a cross-sectional research to compare SD Bioline Semen Inspection tool to Automatic Immuno Assay (AIA).

Results: This study showed SD Bioline Semen Inspection tool has 44.44% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value, 86,11% negative predictive value, prevalence is 22.5% and 87.5% accuracy. On the subject who have history of intercourse between 1-3 days prior to the examination, it showed 50% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100 % positive predictive value, 89,29% negative predictive value, prevalence is 9.35% and 90.32% accuracy. On the subject who have history of intercourse between 4-7 days prior to the examination, it showed 33.33% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value, 75% negative predictive value , prevalence is 33.33%, and 77.78% accuracy.

Conclusion: The SD Bioline semen Inspection can be used in forensic medical services to prove the existence of PSA, but if the results are negative it still needs confirmation from other diagnostic modalities."

"ABSTRAKTujuan: Mengetahui batasan nilai PSA untuk memprediksi adanya metastasis tulang pada pasien kanker prostat di RS Sardjito. Metode: Penelitian retrospektif, dengan mengumpulkan rekam medis pasien kanker prostat telah dilakukan bone scintigraphy di RS Sardjito tahun 2006 - 2011.Hasil: Dari 83 pasien kanker prostat yang telah dilakukan bone scintigraphy, terdapat 55 pasien (66%) mengalami metastasis tulang dan terdapat 28 pasien (34 %) yang tidak mengalami metastasis tulang. Dari 55 pasien yang mengalami metastasis tulang, terdapat 11 pasien (20 %) dengan PSA kurang dari 20 ng/ml dan terdapat 44 pasien (80 %) yang memiliki PSA lebih dari 20 ng/ml. Cut-off point PSA 17.65 ng/ml memiliki sensitivitas terbesar yaitu 85.5% dan spesifisitas 53.6%.Kesimpulan: Pemeriksaan bone scintigraphy dianjurkan pada pasien dengan PSA > 17.65 ng/ml, sedangkan pada pasien dengan PSA < 17.65 dianjurkan pada pasien dengan gejala klinis nyeri tulang.

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ABSTRACTObjective: Prostate cancer shows a strong predilection to spread to the bones, with bone metastases identified at autopsy in up to 90 % of patients dying from prostate cancer. Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentration has been widely applied as a biomarker to diagnose and monitor prostate cancer. Technetium-99m methylene diphosphate (Tc—99m MDP) whole body bone scintigraphy is currently a well-accepted diagnostic procedure for bone metastasis in malignancy. The aim of this study was to establish a useful serum PSA cut-off value to predict the presence of bone metastasis in men with prostate cancer. Material and Methods: Consecutive male patients diagnosed with prostate cancer were retrospectively analyzed. All of the subjects had received Tc-99m MDP whole body bone scintigraphy and had their serum PSA concentration measured at Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. The proper cut-off value was established based on statistical analysis in order to predict the possibility of bone metastasis among prostate cancer patients.Results: In total, 83 consecutive male patients with prostate cancer were enrolled, and 55 patients (66 %) were confirmed by scintigraphic findings to have bone metastases. A serum PSA concentration of 17,65 ng/ml gave the best sensitivity (78,33 %) and specificity (65,21 %). The positive predictive value, negative predictive value were 85,45 % and 53,57 %, respectively (p<0,05).Conclusion: A cut-off value of 17,65 ng/ml appears to be an appropriate benchmark for stratifying metastatic bone disease in prostate cancer patients at Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, such that if a patient with newly diagnosed prostate cancer and without any skeletal symptoms has a serum PSA concentration of less than 17,65 ng/ml,we suggest that they would not need to undergo bone scintigraphy."

"ABSTRAKPenggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat dapat memicu terjadinya resistensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian informasi tambahan tentang antibiotik terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan pasien ISPA. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah rancangan eksperimental non-equivalent control group . Sampel yang diambil adalah seluruh pasien ISPA yang memperoleh antibiotik dengan menggunakan metode concecutive sampling. Data yang diambil merupakan data hasil pemberian informasi tambahan kepada pasien ISPA. Proses pengambilan data melalui wawancara telepon dengan pasien. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, 19 pasien yang dapat di follow up dari 35 total populasi dianalisis lebih lanjut. Karakteristik pasien ISPA yang diperoleh adalah mayoritas subyek uji adalah wanita 14 orang , mayoritas subyek uji adalah lulusan SLTA 10 orang , mayoritas pekerjaan subyek uji adalah sebagai ibu rumah tangga 10 orang . Secara statistik, hasil uji Paired T-Test diperoleh nilai rata-rata antara pretest dengan posttest adalah sebesar 0,632. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan adanya penurunan ketidakpatuhan pasien dalam mengkonsumsi antibiotik. Pemberian informasi tambahan tentang antibiotik yang dilakukan oleh peneliti mempengaruhi kepatuhan minum obat pasien ISPA.

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ABSTRAKThe use of antibiotics improper can trigger resistance. This report aims to review the influence of the additional information about antibiotics compliance treatment of patients acute respiratory tract infection. The research is the experimental non equivalent control group . Samples to be taken were all patients acute respiratory tract infection who received an antibiotic by using the method concecutive sampling. The data were drawn is data the additional information to patients tract. Taking process data through a telephone interview with patients. Based on the results obtained, 19 patients that can be in follow up from 35 the total number of analyzed further. Characteristics patients acute respiratory tract infection obtained are in the majority subject test were women 14 people , the majority subject test are senior high school graduates 10 people , the majority work subject test is as a housewife 10 people . The provision of additional information about antibiotics that done by researchers shows differences in behavior towards patients iacute respiratory tract infection. Statistically, testing shows paired t test obtained the average value of between pretest with posttest 0,632.The results show a decrease in disobedience a patient in consume antibiotics."

"Pendahuluan: Pasien penyakit paru obstruktif kronik (PPOK) yang mengalami eksaserbasi akan meningkatan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas. Berdasarkan Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD), PPOK derajat sedang dan berat dapat diberikan antibiotik sebagai tata laksananya. Salah satu cara menilai ketepatan pemberian antibiotik adalah dengan menggunakan alur Gyssens. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat proporsi ketepatan pemberian antibiotik berdasarkan alur Gyssens dan hubungannya dengan mortalitas, perbaikan klinis, kebutuhan ventilasi mekanis invasif dan perawatan berulang dalam satu tahun. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dengan menggunakan desain penelitian kohort restrospektif. Sebanyak 161 pasien PPOK derajat sedang dan berat yang dirawat di RS Persahabatan Pusat Respirasi Nasional pada Januari 2022 hingga Desember 2023 mendapatkan terapi antibiotik. Pasien yang mendapatkan antibiotik selama perawatan dinilai ketepatannya sesuai alur Gyssens. Hasil: Berdasarkan ketepatan pemberian antibiotik sesuai alur Gyssens, sebanyak 93 subjek (62,8%) laki-laki dan lima subjek (38,5%) perempuan dengan rerata usia 64,34 (±9,62) tahun. Sebagian besar memiliki status merokok indeks Brinkman berat dengan kelompok PPOK grup E dan derajat esksaserbasi sedang. Hipertensi merupakan komorbiditas yang paling sering ditemukan. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara ketepatan pembrian antibiotik dengan rerata lama rawat (p=<0,001). Proporsi ketepatan pemberian antibiotik sesuai alur Gyssens sebesar 60,9%. Antibiotik yang paling seering digunakan adalah levofloxacin. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara ketepatan pemberian antibiotik berdasarkan alur Gyssens dengan mortalitas, lama perbaikan klinis, penggunaan ventilasi mekanis invasif dan perawatan berulang dalam satu tahun. Kesimpulan: Proporsi pemberian antibiotik sesuai alur Gyssens pada pasien PPOK eksaserbasi derajat sedang dan berat sebesar 60,9%. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara ketepatan pemberian antibiotik sesuai alur Gyssens dengan mortalitas, lama perbaikan klinis, penggunaan ventilasi mekanis invasif dan perawatan berulang dalam satu tahun.

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Introduction: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experiencing exacerbations will increase morbidity and mortality rates. According to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD), moderate and severe COPD can be treated with antibiotics. One way to assess the appropriateness of antibiotic administration is by using the Gyssens flowchart. This study aims to examine the proportion of appropriateness of antibiotic administration based on the Gyssens flowchart and its relationship with mortality, clinical improvement, need for mechanical ventilation and readmission within one year. Method: This study is an observational study using a retrospective cohort design. A total of 161 moderate and severe COPD patients treated at Persahabatan Hospital National Respiratory Center from January 2022 to December 2023 received antibiotic therapy. The appropriateness of antibiotic administration during treatment was assessed according to the Gyssens flowchart.. Results: Based on the appropriateness of antibiotic administration according to the Gyssens flowchart, there were 93 male subjects (62.8%) and five female subjects (38.5%) with a mean age of 64.34 (±9.62) years. Most of them had a heavy Brinkman smoking index with COPD group E and moderate exacerbation. Hypertension was the most commonly found comorbidity. There is a significant relationship between the appropriateness of antibiotic administration and length of stay (p=<0.001). The proportion of appropriateness of antibiotic administration according to the Gyssens flowchart was 60.9%. Levofloxacin was the most frequently used antibiotic. Bivariate analysis results showed no significant relationship between the appropriateness of antibiotic administration based on the Gyssens flowchart with mortality, duration of clinical improvement, use of invasive mechanical ventilation and readmission within one year. Conclusion: The proportion of antibiotic administration according to the Gyssens flowchart in patients with moderate and severe exacerbations of COPD is 60.9%. There is no statistically significant relationship between the appropriateness of antibiotic administration according to the Gyssens flowchart and mortality, duration of clinical improvement, use of invasive mechanical ventilation and readmission within one year"

"Pendahuluan: Kanker prostat adalah keganasan terbanyak pada pria, penyebab kematian kedua terbesar akibat keganasan. Colok dubur adalah pemeriksaan dasar dan deteksi dini untuk mendiagnosis kanker prostat. Saat ini pemeriksaan Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) dianggap sebagai tumor marker yang paling bermanfaat untuk mendeteksi kanker prostat. The American Cancer Society dan American Urologic Association merekomendasikan penyaringan kanker prostat setiap tahun dengan pemeriksaan colok dubur dan PSA. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pemeriksaan colok dubur dan nilai PSA pada pasien kanker prostat di RSUP DR Sardjito Yogyakarta periode Januari 2011 sampai Desember 2011. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini adalah kasus kontrol. Data dikumpulkan secara retrospektif dari catatan medis RSUP DR Sardjito pada pasien dengan colok dubur yang abnormal atau colok dubur normal dengan nilai PSA ≥ 10 ng/dl selama periode Januari 2011 sampai Desember 2011. Hasil pemeriksaan colok dubur dan nilai PSA didapatkan pada saat kunjungan pertama pasien ke rumah sakit. Analisis data nominal menggunakan Chi Square dengan SPSS 18. Hasil: Terdapat 87 pasien yang berhasil dikumpulkan selama periode Januari 2011 sampai Desember 2011 yang memiliki hasil pemeriksaan colok dubur abnormal atau colok dubur normal dengan nilai PSA ≥ 10 ng/dl. Pasien memiliki usia rata-rata 70 tahun, nilai median PSA 10,9 ng/dl. Pada pasien ini ditemukan colok dubur abnormal 43 (49,4%), colok dubur normal 44 (50,6%), PSA ≥ 10 ng/dl 69 (79,3%) dan PSA < 10 ng/dl 18 (20,7%). Pemeriksaan colok dubur dan PSA dinilai signifikan secara statistik untuk mendeteksi kanker prostat, hasil secara berurutan 67,2% vs 32,8% (p < 0,001) and 71,9% vs 28,1% (p = 0,002. Semua pasien dengan colok dubur abnormal dan PSA ≥ 10 ng/dl terdiagnosis kanker prostat (p < 0,001). Simpulan: Pemeriksaan colok dubur dan Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) adalah prediktor terbaik untuk kanker prostat.

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Introduction: Prostate cancer is the most frequent form of cancer in males, being also second cause of death by cancer. Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) is the basic examination and early diagnosis for prostate cancer. The Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) assay is currently considered the most useful tumor marker for detecting prostate cancer. Both the American Cancer Society and American Urologic Association recommended annual cancer screening with both Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) and PSA.

Objective: The objective of this study is to understand the correlation between DRE and PSA level in prostate cancer at Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta during januari 2011 until december 2011.

Research Method: This is a case control study. The data were retrospectively collected from medical record in sardjito general hospital who had abnormal DRE or normal DRE with PSA ≥ 10 ng/dl during januari 2011 until December 2011. The DRE and PSA value were examined in the first time they came to the hospital. A chi-square was performed to analyzed the nominal data with SPSS 18.

Result: There are 87 patients were collected during januari 2011 until December 2011 who had abnormal DRE or normal DRE with PSA ≥ 10 ng/dl. The median age was 70 years, median PSA level was 10,9 ng/dl. Of these patient, we found abnormal DRE in 43 (49,4%), normal DRE in 44 (50,6%), PSA ≥ 10 ng/dl was 69 (79,3%) and PSA < 10 ng/dl was 18 (20,7%). Digital Rectal Examination and PSA was statistically significant to detected prostate cancer, 67,2% vs 32,8% (p < 0,001) and 71,9% vs 28,1% (p = 0,002), respectively. All patient who had abnormal DRE and PSA ≥ 10 ng/dl were diagnosed with prostate cancer (p < 0,001).

Conclusion: Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) and Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) are the best predictor for prostate cancer. "

"This book provides an exhaustive review of the current state of the art in the management of prostate cancer, from screening to treatment. A particular feature is the emphasis placed on the value of a multidisciplinary approach. The opening chapters address basic aspects including epidemiology, biology, and chemoprevention. The role of individual and mass screening is carefully appraised, and diagnosis, clinical work-up, and the role of active surveillance are discussed in detail. Subsequent chapters are devoted to each of the therapies that may be employed, including open and robotic laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, the various forms of radiation therapy, high-intensity focused ultrasound, cryotherapy, hormonal therapy, and targeted therapies and vaccination. Up-to-date data from clinical trials are included."

"Background: urinary tract infection (UTI) is often treated in daily practice as overactive bladder (OAB) by giving anticholinergic, the recommended treatment options of OAB. However, anticholinergic application for UTI symptoms relief has never been investigated. To our knowledge, this study was the first randomized trial which investigate anticholinergic use for UTI treatment. This study aimed to evaluate whether additional anticholinergic is beneficial alongside an empiric antibiotic therapy in reducing symptoms and tolerable for females with uncomplicated UTI. Methods: this was a randomized double-blind controlled trial that included female aged >18 y.o with uncomplicated lower UTI. Patients were randomly assigned to either solifenacin succinate 5 mg (group 1) or placebo (group 2) in addition to empiric levofloxacin 500 mg treatment for 3 days. Those with structural and/or functional abnormalities of the urinary tract and allergic reaction history were excluded. We observed changes in overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS), patient perception of bladder condition (PPBC) score, patient-reported symptoms and adverse events. Results: a total of 126 patients, 63 for each group, initiated the trial with median age of 44 (19-67) y.o. There were no differences of age, OABSS, and PPBC score between the 2 groups at baseline. We found significant (p<0.05) reduction of OABSS and PPBC score in both groups at the end of therapy; however the amount of reduction were not different between groups. In group 1 we found 22.2% of patients complained of dry mouth and 25.4%, 4.7%, 3.2% of patients complained of nausea, somnolence and constipation respectively. In group 2 we found 20.0%, 21.7% and 3.3% patients who complained of dry mouth, nausea, and somnolence respectively. One patient in group 2 experienced allergic reaction and was dropped out. Conclusion: we found no significant difference in OABSS and PPBC score reduction by adding anticholinergic to antibiotic therapy for females with uncomplicated UTI. There was no serious adverse event recorded.

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Latar belakang: infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) sering ditangani dalam praktek sehari-hari sebagai overactive bladder (OAB) dengan memberikan antikolinergik yaitu pilihan pengobatan yang direkomendasikan untuk OAB. Namun aplikasi antikolinergik untuk menghilangkan gejala ISK belum pernah diteliti. Sepengetahuan kami, penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis pertama yang menyelidiki penggunaan antikolinergik dalam pengobatan ISK. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi apakah terapi tambahan antikolinergik bersama antibiotik empiris bermanfaat mengurangi gejala dan aman bagi wanita dengan ISK non-komplikata. Metode: penelitian ini berupa uji acak terkendali tersamar ganda terhadap wanita berusia >18 tahun dengan ISK non-komplikata. Pasien diacak untuk menerima solifenacin succinate 5 mg (kelompok 1) atau plasebo (kelompok 2) sebagai tambahan terhadap terapi empiris levofloxacin 500 mg selama 3 hari. Pasien dengan kelainan struktural dan/atau fungsional, dan dengan riwayat reaksi alergi dieksklusi dari penelitian. Kami mengobservasi perubahan overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS), skor patient perception of bladder condition (PPBC), gejala lain yang dilaporkan pasien, serta efek samping yang dialami. Hasil: sebanyak 126 pasien, 63 untuk masing-masing kelompok, memulai penelitian ini dengan median usia 44 (19-67) tahun. Tidak didapatkan perbedaan usia, OABSS, dan skor PPBC di antara kedua kelompok pada awal penelitian. Kedua kelompok menunjukkan penurunan bermakna (p<0,05) OABSS dan skor PPBC di akhir terapi; namun besar penurunan di antara keduanya tidak berbeda. Pada kelompok 1 didapatkan 22,2% pasien mengeluhkan mulut kering, 3,2% konstipasi, 25,4% mual, dan 4,7% mengantuk. Pada kelompok 2 didapatkan 20,0% pasien mengeluhkan mulut kering, 21,7% mual, dan 3,3% mengantuk. Satu pasien pada kelompok 2 mengalami reaksi alergi sehingga dikeluarkan dari penelitian. Kesimpulan: tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna penurunan OABSS dan skor PPBC dengan menambahkan antikolinergik bersama antibiotik empiris pada wanita dengan ISK non-komplikata. Tidak ditemukan adanya efek samping serius pada studi ini."

"Tujuan: Memperoleh data prevalensi perempuan dengan gejala saluran kemih bawah di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo, Indonesia. Metode: Studi deskriptif dan analitik dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Subjek penelitian yakni perempuan yang berada di poliklinik Ginekologi RS Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta, menjalani wawancara menggunakan metode konvensional dan menggunakan International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ) Female LUTS long form yang divalidasi ke Bahasa Indonesia. Hasil: Metode konvensional hanya menanyakan sebuah pertanyaan tentang gangguan berkemih tanpa menanyakan gejala yang lebih detail, menghasilkan prevalensi LUTS yang rendah sebanyak 17.3%. Pada sisi lain, dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang terstruktur menggunakan ICIQ- FLUTS long form, luaran prevalensi LUTS total adalah 95.3% pada populasi penelitian. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa LUTS mempunyai prevalensi yang tinggi pada populasi studi dengan faktor resiko yang teridentifikasi berupa persalinan pervaginam. Kesimpulan: LUTS adalah kondisi yang dengan prevalensi tinggi pada populasi penelitian. Untuk mendapatkan prevalensi yang lebih akurat, metode skrining sangat penting. Penggunaan kuesioner terstruktur secara signifikan menapis LUTS lebih tinggi dari metode konvensional. Kuesioner ICIQ FLUTS long form adalah alat yang direkomendasikan untuk digunakan pada penelitian epidemiologi dan dan juga pada praktek klinik sehari- hari. Penelitian lanjutan dengan basis komunitas direkomendasikan untuk mendapatkan prevalensi nasional LUTS di Indonesia.

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Objective: To obtain the prevalence of women with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) in Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Indonesia.

Method: Descriptive and analytic study with questionnaire- based data collection. All of the subjects were interviewed using the conventional method and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ) Female LUTS long form validated in Indonesian language at Gynecology outpatient clinic in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.

Results: The conventional method which pose only one single question of urination disturbance without asking the detailed symptoms, low prevalence of LUTS obtained i.e. 17.3%. On the other hand, with a well structured questionnaire using ICIQ- FLUTS long form, the prevalence of LUTS was 95.3% prevalence of LUTS. This result revealed that LUTS was a common condition among Indonesian women in the study population with identified risk factor of vaginal delivery.

Conclusion: LUTS is a frequent condition in this population. To obtain a more accurate prevalence, method of screening is important. A structured questionnaire screened LUTS significantly higher than the conventional method. The ICIQ FLUTS long form questionnaire validated in Indonesian language is a robust questionnaire that recommended to be used in epidemiological research as well as routine clinical practice. Further community based research is warranted to obtain the national prevalence of LUTS."