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"ABSTRAKAnemia merupakan masalah gizi utama pada remaja putri dengan efek jangka panjang yaitu kurangnya fungsi kognitif dan rendahnya kemampuan akademik. Tujuan studi ini adalah membandingkan kadar hemoglobin dan fungsi kognitif setelah 20 minggu edukasi gizi PGS-LP. Metode intervensi yang dilakukan adalah edukasi gizi di sesi keputrian setiap minggu. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa edukasi gizi meningkatkan konsumsi makanan spesifik PGS-LP namun tidak cukup mencegah anemia yang mungkin disebabkan oleh kurangnya asupan zat besi. Dampak positif terhadap fungsi kognitif tidak ditemukan dalam studi ini.

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ABSTRACT

Anemia is the major nutritional problem among adolescent girls which has long term negative consequences on cognitive function and academic performance. The aim was to compare hemoglobin level and cognitive performance between intervention and control group after 20 weeks nutrition education. The nutrition education was integrated into school rsquo s system with teachers as fasilitators. The result showed nutrition education improved dietary intake, but can not yet prevent decrease in hemoglobin which may be attributable to inadequate dietary iron intake. Positive effect on cognitive performance was not yet observed."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran rata-rata kadar Hb, prevalensi anemia, dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kadar hemoglobin. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional, pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode proporsional random sampling, dan total sampel sebanyak 158 siswi. Kadar Hb diukur menggunakan alat Spectrophotometer, dengan metode Cyanmethemoglobin. Analisis data meliputi analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata kadar Hb 12,9±1,1 g/dl, (95% CI: 12,7-13,0 g/dl) dan prevalensi anemia 16,5%. Lama haid merupakan faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan kadar hemoglobin. Upaya pencegahan anemia dapat dilakukan dengan minum suplemen tablet tambah darah sesuai anjuran, menjaga asupan zat gizi sesuai kebutuhan, dan memperhatikan kombinasi makanan supaya dapat meningkatkan penyerapan zat besi.

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This study aimed to obtain the description of average hemoglobin levels, anemia prevalence, and the factors associated with hemoglobin levels. The study design was cross sectional, the sampling done with proportional random sampling method, and the total sample are 158 female students. Hemoglobin levels were measured using a spectrophotometer by Cyanmethemoglobin method. Data analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis.

The results showed the average hemoglobin level was 12.9 ± 1.1 g/dl (95% CI: 12.7 to 13.0 g/dl) and the prevalence of anemia was 16.5%. Duration of menstruation is a dominant factor associated with hemoglobin levels. Anemia prevention can be pursued by taking iron supplement tablet as recommended, keeping the intake of nutrients as needed, and pay attention to the combination of foods that can increase iron absorption."

"Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah gizi, yang perlu mendapat perhatian khusus. Remaja putri termasuk golongan yang rawan menderita anemia karena mengalami mensturasi setiap bulan dan sedang dalam masa petumbuhan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektifitas suplementasi TTD program lama dan baru Kemenkes terhadap perubahan kadar hemoglobin siswi anemia di Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara. Rancangan penelitian randomized control group pretest dan postest. Subyek penelitian dikelompokkan menjadi 2 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok A (19 siswi) diberi suplementasi program lama (satu tablet per minggu dan satu tablet selama haid) dan kelompok B (19 siswi) diberi suplementasi program baru (satu tablet per minggu). Pemberian suplementasi TTD diminum di depan peneliti diberikan selama 8 minggu. Data asupan zat gizi diperoleh dengan kuesioner food recall, lama haid, lama menarche, kebiasaan minum teh atau kopi, pengetahuan tentang anemia dan TTD diperoleh melalui kuesioner berstruktur, kadar Hb awal dan akhir dengan cyanmethemoglobin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan efektifitas perubahan kadar Hb pada kedua kelompok intervensi (p=0.402) dan tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara variabel internal dan eksternal terhadap perubahan kadar hemoglobin siswi kecuali Hb awal (p=0.001) dengan rata-rata perubahan Hb siswi kelompok A sebesar 1.77 g/dl sedangkan kelompok B sebesar 1.44 g/dl.

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Anemia is one of the nutritional problems, which needs to be highly concerned. Adolescent girls are included to a group which is susceptible to anaemia because of their monthly menstruation and gowth periods. This study aims to investigate difference effectiveness between old and new programs of the ministry iron supplementation in changes hemoglobin level among anemic students in Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara.

Design of this study is randomized control group pretest dan posttest.Subjects were randomized into two groups, group A (19 subjects) old program supplementation ( once per week and once per day in menstrual period) and group (B) new program supplementation (once per week). Supplementation of iron tablet was given for a consecutive 8 weeks. Nutrient intake obtained with the food recall questionnaire, days menstruation, menarche, drinking tea or kopi, knowledge anemia and iron tablet through structured questionnaire and level of hemoglobin by cymenthemoglobin.

The study shows no difference found in the change of hemoglobin level of the two groups (p=0.402) and internal and external variable were not significantly in the change of hemoglobin level except early hemoglobin with mean hemoglobin change in old program supplementation was 1.77 g/dl while in new program supplementation the change was 1.44 g/dl."

"Berdasarkan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018, kasus anemia pada remaja usia 15-24 tahun mengalami trend Peningkatan dari 6,90 persen (2007), 18,40 persen (2013), menjadi 32 persen pada tahun 2018. Peraturan BKKBN Nomor 12 Tahun 2021 mengamanatkan untuk menjadikan Catin sebagai sasaran intervensi sensitif dan spesifik dengan melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan dan pendampingan kesehatan reproduksi dan edukasi gizi sejak 3 bulan pra nikah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pendampingan melalui Aplikasi Elsimil terhadap peningkatan kadar Hb pada calon pengantin Wanita anemia.

Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kohort retrospektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari Data Capaian Aplikasi Elsimil Tahun 2022. Sasaran dalam penelitian ini seluruh calon pengantin wanita yang mengalami anemia dan teregistrasi di dalam Aplikasi Elsimi tahun 2022 di Indonesia.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 19.888 wanita pra nikah yang mengalami anemia, terdapat perbedaan atau peningkatan kadar Hb dari sebelum sampai sesudah pendampingan yaitu 1,92 gr/dl. Hasil analisis regresi linier menunjukkan bahwa pendampingan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kadar Hb pada wanita pra nikah dengan anemia (p=0,000; RR 6,19).

Pendampingan berupa pemberian informasi, bimbingan, motivasi, dan pengetahuan kepada wanita pra nikah tentang anemia dan pemberian suplemen zat besi serta evaluasi dalam mengkonsumsi tablet besi. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah memberikan fasilitas kepada setiap wanita pra nikah untuk pemeriksaan kesehatan dan pendampingan pra nikah.

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Based on Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) in 2018, adolescents aged 15-24 experienced anemia increased from 6.90 percent in 2007, to 18.40 percent in 2013, to 32 percent in 2018. National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN) Regulation Number 12 of 2021 mandate that prospective brides and grooms are targeted for sensitive and specific interventions by conducting medical examination and counseling for reproductive health and nutrition 3 months before marriage. This study aims to analyze the relationship between counseling through the Ready for Marriage and Pregnancy Electronic Application (Elsimil) on reducing anemia in prospective brides.

The study used a cohort retrospective. This study used secondary data from the Elsimil Application data in 2022. The population is all brides who have iron deficiency and are registered in the Elsimil Application in 2022.The targets in this study were all anemic prospective brides registered in the 2022 Elsimil application in Indonesia.

The results showed that of 19,888 women premarital with anemia, there was a difference or increase in Hb levels from before to after assistance, namely 1.92 gr/dl. The results of the linear regression analysis showed that assistance has an influence on increasing Hb levels in women premarital with anemia (p=0.000; RR 6.19).

Assistance was providing information, guidance, motivation, and knowledge to women premarital about anemia and providing iron supplements as well as evaluations in consuming iron tablets. Therefore, the government provide facilities every women premarital to medical tests and premarital assistance.

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"Anemia normositik normokromik adalah suatu kondisi di mana konsentrasi hemoglobin di darah menurun tanpa ditemukan kelainan pada sel darah merah. Prevalensi kondisi ini masih tinggi di semua pelosok dunia. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mencari tahu proporsi kondisi ini dalam ruang rawat inap RS Cipto Mangunkusumo dan mendeteksi adanya pola penyebaran umur dan jenis kelamin pada kelopok pasien tersebut. Data pasien sebanyak 3,160 didapatkan dari Bagian Patologi Klinik pada bulan Maret 2011. Proporsi kondisi ini yang ditemukan adalah 42.2%. Sebagian besar pasien adalah orang dewasa, paling banyak antara umur 30 hingga 50 tahun. Perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik ditemukan antara jumlah wanita dan pria dengan kondisi ini, namun studi lebih lanjut dibutuhkan untuk mendeteksi adanya hubungan yang penting antara jenis kelamin dan anemia normositik normokromik. Berdasarkan studi ini, anemia normositik normokromik masih salah satu masalah besar di Indonesia.

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Normocytic normochromic anemia is a condition where level of hemoglobin in the blood is reduced, without any abnormalities in the erythrocytes itself. Literature has shown that the prevalence of this condition is high all around the world. This study aims to identify the proportion of normocytic normochromic anemia the in-patient ward of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and to investigate the presence of any pattern in the distribution of age and gender of those affected by this condition. A total of 3,160 patient records were obtained from the Clinical Pathology Department in March 2011. The proportion of this condition was found to be 42.2%. Majority of those affected were adults, highest at the third and fourth decades of life. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference was found between the number of males and females affected, though further studies would be required to investigate any possible associations. Based on this study, it may be deduced that normocytic normochromic anemia is still a major problem in Indonesia."

"Kehamilan merupakan salah satu bagian dalam proses reproduksi manusia. Nutrisi merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kehamilan. Kebutuhan nutrisi saat kehamilan meningkat, salah satunya kebutuhan zat besi yang berperan dalam pembentukan sel darah merah. Secara fisiologis, pada ibu hamil terjadi peningkatan volume darah dalam jumlah besar. Apabila tidak diimbangi dengan konsumsi zat yang cukup dapat menimbulkan anemia. Tujuan dari penulisan ini yaitu memberikan analisis pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan masalah defisit nutrisi ibu hamil dengan anemia. Anemia adalah suatu keadaan kadar Hemoglobin (Hb) darah yang lebih rendah dari kadar normal sesuai umur dan jenis kelamin. Salah satu intervensi keperawatan untuk mengatasi anemia adalah dengan memberikan jus bayam dan tomat yang mengandung zat besi. Pemberian jus bayam dan tomat dilakukan selama 10 hari. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa klien mengalami peningkatan kadar hemoglobin sebesar 10,1g/dl.

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Pregnancy is one part of the process of human reproduction. Nutrition is one of factors that influence pregnancy. Nutritional needs during pregnancy is increase, one of them is iron which is important in the formation of red blood cells. Physiologically, the blood volume of pregnant woman is increase in large numbers. If the consumption and needs of iron does not balanced, it can cause anemia. The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of the nursing care implementation of imbalance nutrition problems for pregnant women with anemia. Anemia is a situation which blood hemoglobin (Hb) levels are lower than normal levels according to age and gender. One of nursing intervention to increase blood hemoglobin levels in anemia is by giving spinach juice and tomatoes that contain rich iron substance. Spinach juice and tomatoes is given to pregnant woman for 10 days. The results obtained that the client experienced an increase in hemoglobin level of 10.1/dl."

"Prevalensi kejadian anemia defisiensi besi pada anak balita di Indonesia masih tinggi yaitu 47,2% (Depkes, 2000). Sedangkan data terakhir prevalensi anemia defisiensi besi pada balita meningkat dari 40% (Dep.Kes, 1995) menjadi 48.1%(Depkes, 2001). Penelitian ini selain untuk mengetahui prevalensi anemia khususnya di Posyandu wilayah Pisangan Baru Matraman Jakarta Timur juga untuk meneliti faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perubahan/peningkatan kadar Hb anak balita anemia usia 6-59 bulan sesudah suplementasi besi selama 12 minggu. Rancangan penelitian ini dengan disain cross sectional studi analitik menggunakan data sekunder, hasil kuesioner/wawancara, dan observasi Iingkungan. Populasi penelitian adalah anak balita yang ada di 5 Posyandu Pisangan baru Matraman Jakarta Timur. Sampel penelitian adalah anak balita anemia yang telah diperiksa kadar Hb awal sebelum suplementasi besi diberikan dan kadar Hb akhir setelah suplementasi besi selama 12 minggu. Jumlah sampel 85 balita. Sampel terbagi dua yaitu 67% (57 balita) balita dengan kadar Hb mengalami perubahan atau kenaikan dan 33% (28 balita) balita yang tidak mengalami kenaikan kadar Hb. Pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan program komputer SPSS versi 13.0. Faktor yang berhubungan bermakna dengan kenaikan kadar Hb anak balita pada 'analisis multivariat adalah faktor status imunisasi (POR = 3.33, 95% CI 1 1.15-9.66), faktor penghasilan keluarga (POR = 3.04, 95% CI : l-12-8.23) dan faktor riwayat infeksi pada balita (POR = 2.76, 95% CI : 1.00-7.61). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan bermakna dengan kenaikan kadar Hb balita di Posyandu Pisangan Baru yaitu status imunisasi balita (POR = 3.33, 95% CI : 1.15-9.66), artinya balita yang status imunisasinya lengkap mempunyai peluang 3.33 kali utuk kadar Hb-nya mengalami kenaikan daripada balita yang status imunisasinya tidak lengkap. Sedangkan faktor yang tidak berhubungan dengan kenaikan kadar Hb berdasarkan karakteristik anak adalah umur, jenis kelamin, dau status gizi. Berdasarkan karakteristik keluarga, faktor yang tidak berhubungan dengan kenaikan kadar Hb adalah pendidikan ibu dan jumlah anak balita dalam keluarga. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini upaya yang perlu dilakukan: Bagi Dinkes DKI Jakarta pentingnya kebijakan Program screening rutin dengan melakukan pemeriksaan kadar Hb awal untuk mengetahui prevalensi anemia sesungguhnya sebelum dilakukan intervensi dini suplementasi besi dan pemeriksaan kadar Hb akhir untuk evaluasi keberhasilan intervensi di Jakarta Timur, dan umumnya di DKI Jakarta. Penting untuk perluasan program cakupan imunisasi pada balita, agar kadar Hb anak balita anemia yang diberikan intervensi mengalami kenaikan. Bagi Pemerintah dalam hal ini Negara berkoordinasi dengan Dinas Kesehatan DKI Jakarta dan sektor terkait lainnya untuk pertimbangan kebijakan Program Ketahanan pangan gizi seperti program penyediaan Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) atau bahan-bahan nutrisi makanan yang diprioritaskan pada keluarga berpenghasilan rendah sehingga kadar Hb balita anemia mengalami kenaikan, mencegah terjadinya anemia berulang, dan mencegah terjadinya infeksi.

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Prevalence of iron deticiencies anemia among children under five years are still high. It is amount 47,2% (Health Department, 2000). While the last data from prevalence of iron deficiencies anemia among children under five years old improved irom amount 40% (Health Department, 1995) became 48,1% (Health Department, 2001). This study aim to know anaemia prevalence especially at Posyandu of Pisangan Baru Matrarnan, East Jakarta and also for checking factors related to improved Hb rate among children under live years old with anemia aged 6-59 months after iron supplementation during12 weeks.

This study used a cross sectional design by study analytic using secondary data, qustioer or interview result, and improvement observation. Study population are children under Eve years old in 5 Posyandu of Pisangan Baru Matraman, East Jakarta. Study samples are children under tive years old with anemia which have been checked by early I-Ib rate before iron supplementation are given ad the last Hb rate alter iron supplementation during 12 weeks; Samples are 85 children under five years old. These samples divided two that are 67% (57 children under five years old) with Hb rate chaged or improved and 33% (28 children under five years old) do not improve Hb rate. Processing and data analysis used computer by SPSS program.

Main factors related to improved Hb rate among children under live years old by multivariate analysis are immunization status factor (POR = 3.33, 95% CI :1.15 - 9.66), family income factor (POR = 3.04, 95% CI : 1.12 - 8.23) and infection history factor among children under tive years old at Posyandu Pisangan baru that are immunization status of five years old (POR = 3.33, 95% CI : 1.15 - 9.66), mean children under five years old which this immunization status is complete and- it has and oppurtinity 3.33 times for its I-Ib rate improved compare than children under five years old which don?t related to improve I-Ib rate based on child characteristic are sex and nutrition status. Based on family characteristic, factors which don?t related to improved Hb rate are mother education and amount of children under tive years old in families.

Based on this study result, it is important gived early intervention to suggested to conduct health education for public or mother which have children under live years old especially for East Jakarta and generally for DKI Jakarta to carry of children under live years old to Posyandu, Primary health center, Hospital and also related health institution to get primary immunization service until completes based on govemment program for public health service of DKI Jakarta and related sector by follow-up fiom running program for overcoming poorness by giving more food and ASI, Program and giving health service for public who have askeskin."

"Prevalensi anemia gizi pada anak Sekolah Dasar (SD) yang sampai sekarang masih tinggi (sekitar 30 %), merupakan sasaran prioritas ketiga dalam penanggulangan anemia.Dampak buruk yang diakibatkan oleh anemia gizi, khususnya bagi anak sekolah akan dapat menurunkan konsentrasi dan prestasi belajar, malas, lemah, pasif, apatis dan sering terkena penyakit sehingga akhimya perkembangan dan pertumbuhannya akan terganggu.Dalam upaya peningkatan dan pengembangan kualitas sumberdaya manusia yang sehat, produktif dan mempunyai inteligensia yang tinggi, maka pemerintah dalam hal ini Direktorat Bina Gizi Masyarakat, Departemen Kesehatan RI telah melaksanakan program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan bagi anak Sekolah Dasar (PMT-AS) dan tablet besi khususnya pada desa tertinggal di Indonesia.Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan data sekunder yang dikumpulkan pada pelaksanaan program PMT-AS dan tablet besi terhadap 189 orang anak SD yang berasal dari 5 SD pada 5 Kabupaten di Propinsi Jawa Barat.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Pemberian Makanan Tambahan dan tablet besi terhadap perubahan status anemi gizi anak sekolah. Untuk itu, desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Praeksperimental dengan perlakuan ulang, dengan intervensi berupa makanan tambahan yang terdiri dari 200 - 300 kalori dengan 10 - 12 gram protein yang dibenkan selama 4 (empat bulan), serta tablet besi dosis 120 mg sebanyak 90 buah tablet yang diberikan yang diberikan setiap hari selama 3(tiga bulan).Variabel yang diteliti adalah status anemia gizi setelah intervensi (dependen) dan variabel independen adalah : status anemia gizi sebelum intervensi, status gizi , umur, jenis kelamin, pengetahuan gizi, sikap gizi serta perilaku gizi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan prevalensi anemia gizi dan 87.3 % menjadi 21.2 % setelah diberikan intervensi. Sedangkan dari hasil analisis statistik secara multivariat diketahui bahwa faktor yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap status anemia gizi setelah diberikan intervensi, berturut-turut adalah status anemia gizi awal, status gizi serta perilaku gizi anak.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, disarankan agar dalam pelaksanaan program penanggulangan anemia pada anak SD khususnya di desa tertinggal Propinsi Jawa Barat agar seluruh anak SD dibenkan tablet besi (blanket program), sedangkan secara individual perlu untuk mempnoritaskan anak yang menderita anemia serta mempunyai status gizi kurang yang kemungkinan besar tidak hanya terdapat di IDT. Disarankan pula agar dalam memberikan intervensi untuk penanggulangan anemia, untuk selalu dapat mengetahui kadar Hb anak dengan tepat sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan intervensi.

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Effect of Iron Suplementation on Nutritional Anemia Status of Elementary School Children Recieving Suplementary School Feeding Package and Iron Tablets in Less Developed Villages, West Java 1995Up to now, the prevalence of nutritional anemia in school children is still high (± 30 %) and even though the third priority in nutritional anemia program.

Nutritional anemia has negative impact especially to school children. It will cause laziness, fatigue, less active, apathetic, and also decreasing learning capacity due to shortened attention span. So those would lower educational achievement, beside that anemic children are easily get sick which will affect their growth.

Healthy, productive and intelligent people are the goal of human resources development. The government especially Nutrition Development of the Ministry of Health conducts a supplementary school feeding and iron tablets. The target group is elementary school children of less developed villages in Indonesia.

This study used evaluative data on 189 children who received supplementary school feeding and Iron tablets in 5 elementary school in 5 districts in West Java which were collected In 1995. The objectives of the study are to find out the effect of supplementary feeding and iron tablets on the anemia status of children who received the package.

Study design was a pre-experimental designs which supplementary feeding and an iron tablet was given as intervention. The package consists of 200 - 300 calories and 10 - 12 gram protein per day were given for 4 months and 120 mg iron tablets was given daily for 3 months (90 tablets).

Nutrition anemia status alter intervention was the dependent variable while the independent variables were nutritional anemia status before intervention, nutritional status before intervention, age, sex, nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice on nutrition before intervention.

The result showed that after the intervention, the nutritional anemia status pevalence was decreased from 87.3 % to 21.2 %. Multivariate analysis showed that nutritional anemia status, nutritional status, and practices of nutrition before intervention were the variables that influence anemia status after intervention.

At macro level it is suggested that the implementation of similar program should be covered all school children (blanket program) of less developed villages. While at individually level, it is suggested that priority should be given only to children who suffered from anemia and under nutrition not only in the less developed villages area."

"Anemia pada anak umur di bawah dua tahun (baduta) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang besar sampai saat ini baik di tingkat global, nasional maupun lokal. Prevalensi anemia baduta di tiga kecamatan wilayah Kabupaten Aceh Besar tahun 2011 mencapai 46,64%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan zat gizi dengan kejadian anemia. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang, menggunakan data sekunder hasil survey anemia defisiensi zat besi yang dilakukan oleh Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 253 anak usia 6-23 bulan. Prevalence Ratio dihitung dengan 95% Confident Interval menggunakan analisis regresi logistik. Hasil: risiko kejadian anemia adalah 1,22 kali (95% CI 0,59-2,09); 1,17 kali (95% CI 0,66-1,75); 1,56 kali (95% CI 1,07-2,28) dan 1,51 kali (95% CI 1,09-2,08) pada asupan zat zat besi, asam folat, vitamin C dan vitamin A yang kurang dibandingkan dengan yang cukup. Asupan protein yang kurang tidak menjadi risiko dalam kejadian anemia. Riwayat diare, ISPA dan status ASI muncul sebagai variabel perancu dan/atau interaksi.

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Anemia among children under two is still a serious public health concern at global, national and local level. Anemia prevalence among children under two in 3 subdistricts in Aceh Besar District in 2011 was 46,64%. The study aims to reveal the relationship between nutrient intake with anemia. Study design is cross section, using secondary data from anemia iron deficiency survey conducted by Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh, with total sample of 253 children 6-23 months.Prevalence Ratio was calculated with 95% Confident Interval using logistic regression.

Result: Anemia risk is 1,22 (95% CI 0.59-2.09); 1,17 (95% CI 0.66-1.75); 1,56 (95% CI 1,07-2.28) and 1,51 (95% CI 1.09-2.08) times higher in deficiency of iron, folic acid, vitamin C and vitamin A intake in comparison with the adequate ones. There is no risk of anemia from lack of protein intake. Diarrhea and ARI histories and breastfeeding status act as either confounders or effect modifier."

"Anemia remains health problem in developing countries including Indonesia especially the Eastern part despite many to efforts to solve the problem. Anemia has cost lives of many people by its complex mechanism in the body and health of individual in general. The consequences of anemia are not only life loss but also reduction of intellectual ability especially in school children. The magnitude of anemia among school children needs to be understood to optimize clinical and public health programs to improve nutritional and health status of children in developing countries. The objective of the study was to find the association between anemia and malaria together with other determinant factors among school children 6-10 years of Alor district.This report was prepared to partially fulfill the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Community Nutrition at the Faculty of Medicine Postgraduate Pro gram. University of Indonesia.This report is divided into three parts as follows:The first part is introduction-explaining background of the study, problem statement, literature review, causal model, hypothesis, objectives as well as variable-indicator-matrix. The literature review intentionally focused magnitude of anemia and causes of anemia such as malaria infection, worm infestation, chronic diseases, dietary intake and socioeconomic factors."