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"Masalah di industri manufaktur produk cetak injeksi plastik adalah menekan jumlah penolakan produk karena tak memenuhi standar kualitas hasil injeksi dan standar kualitas hasil pengecatan. Dalam hal ini, cacat serapan cat, walaupun kini sudah jauh berkurang, masih mendominasi. Hal ini tentu dapat manjadi kendala bagi peningkatan kinerja produksi. Cacat serapan cat dapat terjadi karena kombinasi dua hal, yaitu perembesan kembali pelarut cat melalui coating cat yang telan mengalami curing; dan adanya porositas renik pada benda cetak injeksi. Untuk menanganinya diperlukan pemilihan rumusan coating yang sesuai untuk plastik otomotif eksterior tersebut; dan mengurangi porositas renik, yang ditentukan oleh proses manufaktur seperti teknik cetak injeksi serta perlakuan (pemesinan) Ianjutan hasil injeksi dan perlakuan awal sebelum pengecatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh perubanan temperatur silinder H4 pada rentang 190-240°C, waktu tahan HT1=HT2 pada rentang 2-7 detik, tekanan tahan PH3 pada rentang 16-51 %, kecepatan injeksi pada rentang 29-64 % dan temperatur pengeringan cat pada rentang 40-100°C terhadap cacat serapan cat pada hasil pengecatan produk injeksi. Dari hasil penelilian ini diperoleh bahwa untuk mengurangi cacat serapan cat sebaiknya temperatur silinder H4=190°C; waktu tahan HT1=HT2 = 4 detik; tekanan tahan PH3=16 % Serta kecepatan injeksi Vl3=29 %; dan temperatur pengeringan cat =40°C."

"[ABSTRAKProduksi cat menghasilkan limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun. Jumlah limbah pabrik cat, sebagian besar berasal dari air pencucian peralatan pabrik. Saat ini PT. XYZ, s ebuah i ndustri c at, belum m enggunakan ke mbali a ir l imbahnya unt uk mencuci pe ralatan pabriknya, b elum m engetahui bi aya pe nggunaan a ir ol ahan untuk pr oses p encucian alat dan belum m engetahui peranan karyawannya unt uk menurunkan jumlah limbahnya. Penelitian dilakukan untuk menentukan konsentrasi optimal bakterisida dengan parameter jumlah bakteri, pH, kekeruhan dan T SS di air olahan (air limba h ditambah ba kterisida), menentukan bi aya penggunaan air ol ahan, dan menganalisis persepsi karyawan tentang pe ranan mereka unt uk menurunkan jumlah limbahnya. Penentuan konsentrasi optimal bakterisida dilakukan pada 4 sampel selama 9 hari, penentuan biaya penggunaan air ol ahan telah di hitung danuntuk menganalisis persepsi p eranan karyawandilakukan s urvei terhadap 93 responden. Penelitian ini m enghasilkan 3kesimpulan. Kesimpulan pertama adalah konsentrasi optimal bakterisida terdapatpada sampel air olahan yang mengandung Acticide MBS 0,4%. Kesimpulan keduaadalah biaya penggunaan air olahan belum menguntungkan secara ekonomi padasaat ini. Kesimpulan ke 3 adalah nilai persepsi karyawan tentang peranan merekauntuk menurunkan jumlah limbah adalah 4,93 dari 6 skala.

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ABSTRACTPaint production generates hazardous and toxic waste. The amount of paint waste, mostly came from t he wash water from plant e quipments. Currently, P T. X YZ, the paint industry, has not reused the waste water for cleaning plant equipments, not known the cost of using treated water for cleaning plant equipments and not known the role of their employees to reduce the amount of waste. This study was conducted to determine the optimum concentration of bactericide with parameter such as number of bacteria, pH, turbidity, and TSS (Total Suspended Solid) in the treated water (waste water added bactericide) for reuse in the cleaning process of plant equipment, to analyze the cost of using treated water, and to analyze the role of em ployees in reducing the a mount of waste. The d etermination of optimum concentration of ba ctericide done on 4 s amples f or 9 da ys, the c ost of us ing treated water has been calculated, and the role of employees had been analized via survey with 93 respondents. There are 3 conclutions of this research. The first is the optimum concentration was found in the sample of t reated water containing 0.4% A cticide MBS. The second is the cost of using treated water is not economical provitable at this time. The third is the value of the role of respondents to reduce the amount of waste is 4.93 in six scales.;Paint production generates hazardous and toxic waste. The amount of paint waste, mostly came from t he wash water from plant e quipments. Currently, P T. X YZ, the paint industry, has not reused the waste water for cleaning plant equipments, not known the cost of using treated water for cleaning plant equipments and not known the role of their employees to reduce the amount of waste. This study was conducted to determine the optimum concentration of bactericide with parameter such as number of bacteria, pH, turbidity, and TSS (Total Suspended Solid) in the treated water (waste water added bactericide) for reuse in the cleaning process of plant equipment, to analyze the cost of using treated water, and to analyze the role of em ployees in reducing the a mount of waste. The d etermination of optimum concentration of ba ctericide done on 4 s amples f or 9 da ys, the c ost of us ing treated water has been calculated, and the role of employees had been analized via survey with 93 respondents. There are 3 conclutions of this research. The first is the optimum concentration was found in the sample of t reated water containing 0.4% A cticide MBS. The second is the cost of using treated water is not economical provitable at this time. The third is the value of the role of respondents to reduce the amount of waste is 4.93 in six scales., Paint production generates hazardous and toxic waste. The amount of paint waste, mostly came from t he wash water from plant e quipments. Currently, P T. X YZ, the paint industry, has not reused the waste water for cleaning plant equipments, not known the cost of using treated water for cleaning plant equipments and not known the role of their employees to reduce the amount of waste. This study was conducted to determine the optimum concentration of bactericide with parameter such as number of bacteria, pH, turbidity, and TSS (Total Suspended Solid) in the treated water (waste water added bactericide) for reuse in the cleaning process of plant equipment, to analyze the cost of using treated water, and to analyze the role of em ployees in reducing the a mount of waste. The d etermination of optimum concentration of ba ctericide done on 4 s amples f or 9 da ys, the c ost of us ing treated water has been calculated, and the role of employees had been analized via survey with 93 respondents. There are 3 conclutions of this research. The first is the optimum concentration was found in the sample of t reated water containing 0.4% A cticide MBS. The second is the cost of using treated water is not economical provitable at this time. The third is the value of the role of respondents to reduce the amount of waste is 4.93 in six scales.]"

"Tumbuhan Isachne globose merupakan salah satu tumbuhan emergent yang hidup di Situ Lab. Alam , FMIPA UI. Isachne globose mampu berfungsi sebagai substrat bagi fitoepifiton, namun keberadaan fitoepifiton yang menempel pada tumbuhan I. globose mampu menghambat cahaya matahari yang mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tumbuhan tersebut. Telah dilakukan analisis pengaruh metabolit sekunder pada tumbuhan I. globose sebagai antifouling yang mampu menahan penempelan fitoepifiton. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan batang I. globose perlakuan yang telah dihilangkan metabolit sekundernya dan batang kontrol yang keduanya direndam selama 7 hari di Situ Lab. Alam. Metabolit sekunder batang I. globose dianalisa dengan HPLC untuk mengetahui profil kromatografinya. Data penelitian menunjukkan terdapat kelimpahan fitoepifiton pada batang kontrol sebesar 219 individu/sel 2 dari 22 genera, sedangkan pada batang perlakuan sebesar 444 individu/cm 2 dari 27 genera. Berdasarkan uji t, nilai indeks keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan pada batang I. globose kontrol dan perlakuan berbeda nyata. Profil kromatogram ekstrak batang I. globose pada panjang gelombang 285 nm menunjukkan adanya 4 metabolit sekunder paling dominan (RT 7,50; 8,89; 9,99 dan 15,10). Diduga metabolit sekunder dominan tersebut berperan antifouling terhadap penempelan fitoepifiton di Situ Lab. Alam.

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I. globose is one of the emergent plants that live in the Situ Lab. Alam, FMIPA UI. Isachne globose is able to function as a substrate for phytoepiphyton, but the presence of phytoepiphyton that attaches to plants I globose is able to inhibit sunlight which supports the growth and development of these plants. An analysis of the effects of secondary metabolites on plants has been carried out I. globose as an antifouling that is able to with stand the attachment of phytoepiphyton. The study was conducted using stem I. globose treatment which had been removed by secondary metabolites and control, both of them were soaked for 7 days. Secondary metabolites in I. globose were analyzed by HPLC to determine the profile chromatographic.

The results data shows the abundance of phytophthiton in I. globose control was 219 individuals/cm 2 from 22 genera, while in the treatment stem was 444 individual/cm 2 from 27 genera. Based on the t test, the value of index diversity and abundance in stem I. globose control and treatment were significantly different. Profile chromatogram extract I. globose at 285 nm wavelength showed 4 of the most dominant secondary metabolites (Real Time 7,50; 8,89; 9,99 and 15,10). It is suspected that the dominant secondary metabolites play role as antifouling for attaching phytoepiphyton at Isachne globose stem in Situ Lab. Alam."

"Dalam ketatnya persaingan dalam industri cat domestik, perusahaan dituntut untuk mengejar perbaikan dalam segala aspek, termasuk efisiensi operasional. Peningkatan efisiensi produksi melalui pengurangan pemborosan merupakan salah satu solusi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi perusahaan secara keseluruhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi proses produksi cat waterbased di PT X melalui identifikasi dan eliminasi pemborosan. Metode Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Waste Assessment Model (WAM), dan Process Activity Mapping (PAM) diterapkan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut. Ditemukan bahwa overproduction, inventory, dan defect merupakan jenis pemborosan yang paling dominan dalam current state proses produksi. Berdasarkan analisis bersama pihak perusahaan, rekomendasi perbaikan yang dirumuskan dengan metode 5W-1H berupa penggunaan kemasan jumbo untuk bahan tertentu, penerapan metode organisasi 5S, perubahan layout pada floor produksi atas, penerapan papan Kanban di area forklift, perubahan pada bon resmi permintaan RM, dan penerapan pergantian peran dalam proses filling. Alhasil, pada future state, value ratio meningkat 1,7%, cycle time berkurang 6,56%, standard time berkurang 7,25%, lead time berkurang 6,55%, waktu kegiatan value adding berkurang 3,06%, waktu kegiatan non-value adding berkurang 13,82%, dan waktu kegiatan necessary nonvalue adding berkurang 3,64%.

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As the competition in the domestic paint industry intensifies, companies are required to pursue improvements in all aspects. Increasing production efficiency through waste reduction is one of the possible ways to improve a company’s overall operational efficiency. This study aims to improve the efficiency of water-based paint production process at PT X through the elimination of waste. Value Stream Mapping, Waste Assessment Model, and Process Activity Mapping are applied to achieve this goal. Based on a joint analysis with the company, the recommendations for improvement formulated using the 5W-1H method include the use of jumbo packaging for certain materials, the application of the 5S organizational method, changes to the layout on the upper production floor, the application of Kanban boards in the forklift area, changes to the official receipt for RM requests, and role shuffling in the filling process. As a result, in the future state, the value ratio increased by 1.7%, cycle time decreased by 6.56%, standard time decreased by 7.25%, lead time decreased by 6.55%, value added activity time decreased by 3.06%, non-value adding activity time is reduced by 13.82%, and necessary but non-value adding activity time is reduced by 3.64%."

"Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memonitoring proses pengeringan cat secara tanpa-kontak dengan menggunakan pola speckle imaging. Cat disemprotkan pada substrat kaca,besi dan kayu. Lapisan cat yang terbentuk disinari laser sehingga terjadi hamburan. Pola speckle yang terbentuk dari hasil hamburan ditangkap setiap 1 menit oleh kamera CMOS. Analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan metode analisis tekstur GLCM fitur contrast,homogeneity dan energy. Hasil yang diperoleh untuk masing-masing fitur ekstraksi GLCM diplot terhadap waktu. Proses pengeringan cat membentuk kurva eksponensial dengan nilai Adjusted R-Square dari masing-masing fitur GLCM untuk substrat kaca fitur contrast 85.9% ,fitur homogeneity 86.6%,dan fitur energy 89.1%, untuk substrat besi fitur contrast 96.1% ,fitur homogeneity 96.6%, dan fitur energy 96.9%, dan untuk substrat kayu fitur contrast 92.0%, homogeneity 90.3%, dan energy 89.9%.Tren mendatar pada kurva merepresentasikan kondisi cat sudah mengering.

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In this study, we proposed the monitoring of the paint drying process with the non-contact optical method using speckle imaging patterns. The paint is sprayed on glass, iron, and wood substrates. The paint layer formed is irradiated by a laser, and scattering occurs. The speckle pattern formed from the scattering is captured every 1 minute by the CMOS camera. The analysis used in this study is the GLCM texture analysis method (contrast, homogeneity, and energy features). The results obtained for each GLCM extraction feature are plotted against time. The paint drying process forms an exponential curve with the Adjusted R-Square value of each GLCM feature for contrast 85.9%, homogeneity 86.6%, and energy 89.1% on the glass substrate. Contrast 96.1% , homogeneity 96.6% and energy 96.9% on the iron substrate. Contrast 92.0% , homogeneity 90.3%, and energy 89.9% on the wood substrate. The horizontal trend on the curve represents the condition of the paint dried. "

"Sledge adalah bitumen hasil endapan padat minyak bumi dalam tangki timbun. Dengari adariya kandungan aspal dan lilin, sludge diharapkan mampu digunakan sebagai bahan baku cat tahan korosi penelitian ini meliputi pengujian karakterislik cat berupa ketahanan korosi dan pelepuhan berupa uji kabut gamin, ketahanan pembentukan pin-hole dengan uji curing 1500C, uji ekspos atmosferik serta uji daya lekat dengan paint adhesion tester, akibat penambahan unsur talk, aspal dan lilin dalam cat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sludge dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar car tahan korosi jika dicampur dengan resin epoxy coati polyester sebagai binder. Dengan penambahan talk sebesar 30-40% pada komposisi cat akan meningkatkan kerahanan pelebaran korosi dan ketahanan pembentukan pin-hole sebesar 5-15%. Penambahan unsur aspal 10% pada komposisi cat akan meningkatkan ketahanan pelebaran korosi dan pelepuhan sebesar 20-25%, meningkatkan daya lekat sebesar 20-25%, tetapi menurunkan ketahanan pembentukan pin-hole sampai sebesar 15%. Penambaahan unsur lilin sebesar 9% akan sangar meningkatkan ketahanan pelepuhan dan daya lekat pada sampel setelah dilakukan uji atmosferic exposure selama 3 bulan sebesar 15-20%. Jenis resin epoxy secara umum lebih bagus jika dibandingkan dengan jenis resin polyester karena sebagai binder lebih bisa mengikat semua campuran komposisi cat sehingga berbentuk lapisan cat yang masif (padat, kering, keras) dengan daya lekat yang baik dan lebih tahan terhadap korosi, pelepuhan dan pembentukan pin-hole.

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Sludge is a bitumen product of oil and gas solid sedimentation in storage rank The contain of sludge is asphalt and wax, it could be for used to paint resistance. This risearch was covering of paint?s test that consists are corrosion and blistering resislancy by salt spray test, pin-holing with curing test at 150°C, aimosferic exposure test and adhesive test, coused by additional talk asphalt and war in paint's element.

The results of this riseach was indicate that sludge feasible using for corrosion resistance paint if mixed with epoxy and polyester resin as for binder. By additional talk around 30 - 40% in paint composition will be increas creepage of scribe resistance and pin-holing resistance araound 7 - 15%, For Adding by asphalt elements 10% in paint composition will he increase creepage of scribe resistance and pin-holing resistance around 20-25%, increased adhesive force around 20-25% ; but to decreased pin-holing resistance reach 15%. Added wax element 9% will more increasing blistering resitance and adhesion force after epos'ure atmosferic test during 3 mounth around 15-20%. In generally the kind of epoxy resin in was peter than polyester resin caused by such as binder could be most binded for all component therefore paint layer was made such massive form (solid, cure, hard) with good adhesive force and more resistance corrosion, blistering and pin-holing."