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"ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas tentang dampak penerapan transparansi dan akuntabilitas dalam pengelolaan Dana Desa terhadap tingkat kemiskinan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan model estimasi regresi cross section untuk mengestimasi pengaruh transparansi dan akuntabilitas pengelolaan Dana Desa tahun 2016 terhadap tingkat kemiskinan pada 53 desa di Kabupaten Bangkalan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan aspek transparansi dan akuntabilitas dalam pengelolaan Dana Desa berdampak terhadap pengurangan tingkat kemiskinan masyarakat desa. Namun demikian, karena rendahnya kualitas SDM aparatur desa dan masih lemahnya pengawasan terhadap pengelolaan Dana Desa, maka perlu ditingkatkan pelatihan pengelolaan Dana Desa dan peningkatan pengawasan oleh pihak eksternal.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses the impact of the implementation of transparency and accountability in the management of village funds on poverty levels. This research is a quantitative descriptive research using cross section regression estimation model to estimate the effect of transparency and accountability of village funds management in 2016 to poverty level on 53 villages in Bangkalan regency. The results of research indicate that the implementation of transparency and accountability in village funds management has an impact on poverty reduction of rural communities. However, due to the low quality of human resources of the village apparatus and the lack of supervision over the management of village funds, it is necessary to improve the training of village funds management and increase supervision by external parties"

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Penelitian ini menganalisis dampak Dana Desa terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat yang ditunjukan oleh pengurangan jumlah penduduk miskin, peningkatan kesehatan dan peningkatan pendidikan. Untuk mengetahui dampak Dana Desa dilakukan analisis regresi terhadap tiga variabel yaitu rasio pra keluarga sejahtera, jmlah penderita gizi buruk dan angka partisipasi kasar sekolah. Dari ketiga model tersebut ditemukan bahwa Dana Desa mempunyai pengaruh untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Kebijakan supra desa masih banyak mengintervensi kewenangan desa sehingga otonomi desa tidak lagi berdasarkan hak asal usul dan adat istiadat.

 

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This study analyzes the impact of the Village Fund on the welfare of the community as shown by the reduction of the number of poor people, the improvement of health and the improvement of education. In order to know the impact of Village Fund done regression analysis of three variables, namely the pre prosperous family ratio, malnutrition and school gross enrollment rates. From the three models it is found that Village Fund have influence to improve peoples welfare. The supra-desa policy still interferes with village authority so that village autonomy is no longer based on the right of origin and tradition.

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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aktivitas pariwisata terhadap Produk Domestik Regional Bruto PDRB kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2010-2016. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah panel data, data yang terdiri dari time series 2010-2016 dan cross section 10 kabupaten dan 7 kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Model yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi dengan model fixed effect. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah wisatawan mancanegara, jumlah wisatawan nusantara, jumlah hotel, dan jumlah tenaga kerja sektor pariwisata secara signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap PDRB kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Pembuat kebijakan dapat meningkatkan pengaruh akitivitas pariwisata terhadap PDRB kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat melalui media sosial, kerjasama dengan institusi pendidikan, dan menarik investasi untuk aktivitas pariwisata.

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ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the effect of tourism activities on Gross Regional Domestic Product GRDP of regencies cities in West Sumatra. Data in this study is data panel, that consists of time series 2010 2016 and cross section 10 regencies and 7 cities in West Sumatera. Model used in this study is a regression with fixed effect model. The result shows that the number of foreign tourists, the number of domestic tourists, the number of hotel and, the number of labor tourism sector significantly give positive influence of the Gross Regional Domestic Product GRDP . Policy makers can increase the impact of tourism activities on GRDP regencies cities in West Sumatera by social media, making cooperation with educational institution, and attracting investment for tourism activities. "

"[ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas mengenai hubungan bisnis dan politik dalam kebijakanpengelolaan sumber daya air. Dengan kasus pemanfaatansumber air SigedangKabupaten Klaten oleh PT. Tirta Investama-Danone. Tujuan penelitian ini adalahuntuk menjelaskan relasi bisnis dan politik penguasa dengan pengusaha di tingkatKabupaten Klaten yang mempengaruhi pengelolaan sumber air Sigedang. Penelitianini akan menjelaskan sebab akibat bekerjanya hubungan bisnis dan politik penguasadengan pengusaha sebagai dasar dari keputusan penyerahan aset Sigedang kepadaPT. Tirta Investama-Danone. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh terbesar dariproses pengalihan aset sumber air Sigedang kepada PT.Tirta Investama-Danoneadalah hubungan bisnis dan politik antara perusahaan dengan elit politik diKabupaten Klaten pada tingkat eksekutif, legislatif, dan pemerintahan desa. Gerakanpenolakan dilakukan oleh petani melalui Koalisi Rakyat Klaten Untuk Keadilan yangmendapat dukungan kelompok birokrat reformis, namun gerakan tersebut tetapmasih belum mampu mencapai tujuannya yaitu kajian ulang terhadap keputusanpengalihan aset sumber air Sigedang.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka implikasi teori memperlihatkan bekerjanyahubungan bisnis dan politik antara perusahaan dengan penguasa didasarkan padapencapaian kepentingan pribadi dari kedua belah pihak. Hubungan bisnis dan politikyang berpusat pada Bupati dan perusahaan akhirnya ?menyandera? pemerintah yangtidak dapat bersikap tegas atas masalah ini. Hal ini sesuai dengan tujuan kelompokbisnis yang berupaya ?menyandera? birokrasi dalam bekerjanya pihak swasta padasebuah kebijakan pemerintah.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses the relations of business and politics in water resourcesmanagement policy in the case of Water Source Utilization in Klaten by PT. TirtaInvestama-Danone. The purpose of this study is to explain political relations of rulerswith business people in Klaten which influenced the management of Sigedang watersource in Klaten. This study describes the causes and effects of the relations betweenrulers and businesspeople in making decision to hand the assets of Sigedang to PT.Tirta Investama-Danone. The result of the study shows that the process oftransferring the assets of Sigedang water source to PT.Tirta Investama-Danone wasstrongly affected by the relations between business people and political elites inKlaten at executive, legislative, and village government levels. The protest byfarmers through Coalition of People of Klaten for Justice (KRAKED) received a lotof support from reformist bureaucracy group, but it was still unsuccesful to reviewthe decision to transfer the assets of Sigedang water source.Based on theanalysis, this study also theoretically implied that business andpolitical relations between the company and rulers worked based on fulfillment ofpersonal interests of both parties. Business and political relations which centered onthe Regent and the company eventuallykeeps the government unable to makedecision on this issue. This is consistent with business goal tokeeps the bureaucracyin the work of private parties in a government policy;This thesis discusses the relations of business and politics in water resourcesmanagement policy in the case of Water Source Utilization in Klaten by PT. TirtaInvestama-Danone. The purpose of this study is to explain political relations of rulerswith business people in Klaten which influenced the management of Sigedang watersource in Klaten. This study describes the causes and effects of the relations betweenrulers and businesspeople in making decision to hand the assets of Sigedang to PT.Tirta Investama-Danone. The result of the study shows that the process oftransferring the assets of Sigedang water source to PT.Tirta Investama-Danone wasstrongly affected by the relations between business people and political elites inKlaten at executive, legislative, and village government levels. The protest byfarmers through Coalition of People of Klaten for Justice (KRAKED) received a lotof support from reformist bureaucracy group, but it was still unsuccesful to reviewthe decision to transfer the assets of Sigedang water source.Based on theanalysis, this study also theoretically implied that business andpolitical relations between the company and rulers worked based on fulfillment ofpersonal interests of both parties. Business and political relations which centered onthe Regent and the company eventuallykeeps the government unable to makedecision on this issue. This is consistent with business goal tokeeps the bureaucracyin the work of private parties in a government policy, This thesis discusses the relations of business and politics in water resourcesmanagement policy in the case of Water Source Utilization in Klaten by PT. TirtaInvestama-Danone. The purpose of this study is to explain political relations of rulerswith business people in Klaten which influenced the management of Sigedang watersource in Klaten. This study describes the causes and effects of the relations betweenrulers and businesspeople in making decision to hand the assets of Sigedang to PT.Tirta Investama-Danone. The result of the study shows that the process oftransferring the assets of Sigedang water source to PT.Tirta Investama-Danone wasstrongly affected by the relations between business people and political elites inKlaten at executive, legislative, and village government levels. The protest byfarmers through Coalition of People of Klaten for Justice (KRAKED) received a lotof support from reformist bureaucracy group, but it was still unsuccesful to reviewthe decision to transfer the assets of Sigedang water source.Based on theanalysis, this study also theoretically implied that business andpolitical relations between the company and rulers worked based on fulfillment ofpersonal interests of both parties. Business and political relations which centered onthe Regent and the company eventuallykeeps the government unable to makedecision on this issue. This is consistent with business goal tokeeps the bureaucracyin the work of private parties in a government policy]"

"ABSTRAKDana Desa merupakan salah satu sumber penerimaan desa berupa bantuan yangdiberikan oleh pemerintah pusat kepada desa dan digunakan untuk membiayaikegiatan pembangunan pemerintah desa. Desa diberikan kewenangan penuhdalam pengelolaan Dana Desa, sehingga pelaksanaan kegiatannya harus dapatdipertanggungjawabkan sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Tujuan penelitianini adalah untuk menganalisis pengelolaan dana desa di Desa Buni BhaktiKec.Babelan Kab. Bekasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan post-positivistdengan metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancaramendalam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan dana desa didesa Buni Bhakti telah sesuai dengan pedoman pengelolaan keuangan desa yangberlaku, meskipun masih terjadi permasalahan dalam hal pencatatan keuangan

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ABSTRACTVillage fund is one source of revenue for the village as support who provided bythe central government to the village and used to finance the construction of thevillage government. The village was given full authority in the management of theVillage Fund, so that the implementation of its activities should be accounted forin accordance with applicable regulations. The purpose of this study is to analyzethe management of village fund in Buni Bhakti Kec.Babelan Kab. Bekasi. Thisstudy uses a post-positivist approach and collectiong data by observation andinterview method. These results indicate that management of village fund in BuniBhakti in accordance with the guidelines applicable village financialmanagement, although still there is a problem in terms of financial records."

"Skripsi ini menganalisis pengelolaan keuangan pada Desa Bakulan, Kecamatan Kemangkon, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah wawancara kepada Sekretaris dan Kaur Keuangan Desa serta telaah dokumen RPJM, Peraturan Desa, Peraturan Bupati, pencatatan keuangan desa, pengadaan barang dan jasa, dan laporan realisasi APBDesa tahun 2109. Evaluasi pengelolaan keuangan dilakukan atas pelaksanaan kegiatan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penatausahaan, pelaporan, hingga pertanggungjawaban, kemudian dibandingkan dengan ketentuan dalam Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri No 20 Tahun 2018 tentang Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masih terdapat ketidaksesuaian antara praktik pengelolaan keuangan pada Desa Bakulan di tahap perencanaan, penatausahaan, dan pelaporan. Ketidaksesuaian antara lain APBDes baru diselesaikan bulan Desember padahal seharusnya bulan Oktober, tidak dilakukan tutup buku setiap bulan dan tidak disusun laporan semesteran.

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This thesis analyzes financial management in Bakulan Village, Kemangkon District, Purbalingga Regency. The research method used was interviews with the Secretary and Head of Village Finance and review of RPJM documents, Village Regulations, Regent Regulations, village financial records, procurement of goods and services, and reports on the realization of the 2109 APBDesa. Financial management evaluation was carried out on the implementation of planning, implementation, administration, reporting, to accountability, then compared with the provisions in the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 20/2018 concerning Village Financial Management. The results showed that there was still a mismatch between financial management practices in Bakulan Village at the planning, administration, and reporting stages. The discrepancies include the new APBDes being completed in December whereas it should have been October, no closing books every month and no semi-annual reports."

"Desa merupakan suatu daerah yang penduduknya mempunyai kesiapan sumber daya dan kemampuan serta kemauan untuk mencegah juga mengatasi permasalahan kesehatan, bencana serta kegawatdaruratan secara mandiri. Studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan di desa Waru jaya dan Desa Bojong Indah didapatkan beberapa persoalan kesehatan yang dapat mengacam kesehatan masyarakat luas yakni stunting, ISPA dan Hipertensi. Riset ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan perspektif kebijakan. Penggunaan metode (triangulasi) wawancara mendalam dan observasi ditujukan agar peneliti mendapatkan pemahaman menyeluruh mengenai fenomena/kejadian yang ada. Penelitian ini dilakukan di dua desa yakni Desa Waru Jaya yang dijadikan fokus dan Desa Bojong Indah yang dijadikan model. Dua Desa tersebut terletak di Kecamatan Parung Kabupaten Bogor dengan persoalan kesehatan yang berbeda. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa Bojong Indah lebih dapat mengoptimalkan seluruh sumberdaya yang ada untuk meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan didesanya. Sementara, Desa Waru Jaya masih berfokus pada program turunan yang diberikan oleh pihak Kabupaten Bogor tanpa menyesuaikan dengan persoalan kesehatan yang ada dilapangan. Diharapkan Kementerian Desa dan Pembangunan Daerah Tertingal dan Transmigrasi serta Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Bogor dapat melakukan evaluasi dan monitoring yang lebih detail serta membantu utnuk membuatkan program yang lebih aplikatif yang bisa diimplementasikan didesa sesuai persoalannya masing-masing

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The village is an area where the population has the readiness of resources and capabilities and the willingness to prevent and overcome health problems, disasters and emergencies independently. Preliminary studies conducted in Waru Jaya Village and Bojong Indah Village found several health problems that could threaten public health, namely stunting, Acute Respiratory Infection and hypertension. This research uses a qualitative approach with a policy perspective. The use of in-depth interview and observation (triangulation) methods is intended so that researchers gain a thorough understanding of the existing phenomena/events. This research was conducted in two villages, namely Waru Jaya Village as the focus and Bojong Indah Village as the model. The two villages are located in Parung District, Bogor Regency with different health problems. The results of this study showed that Bojong Indah Village was able to optimize all existing resources to improve the quality of health in her village. Meanwhile, Waru Jaya Village is still focusing on derivative programs provided by the Bogor Regency without adjusting to health problems in the field. It is hoped that the Ministry of Villages and Development of Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration as well as the Bogor District Health Office can carry out more detailed evaluation and monitoring and help develop more applicable programs that can be implemented in villages according to their respective problems"

"Tesis ini merupakan studi empiris yang fokus utama analisisnya adalah pengaruh kebijakan publik terhadap penerimaan pajak riil pemerintah pusat, provinsi dan kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. Berdasarkan analisis deskriptif disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Pertumbuhan penerimaan pajak riil relatif lambat, karena relatif tingginya laju inflasi; (2) Rasio pajak pemerintah pusat, provinsi dan kabupaten/kota, sudah meningkat; (3) sampai saat ini, rasio pajak semakin rendah bila tingkat pemerintahan semakin rendah; dan (4) peranan penerimaan pajak dalam APBN dan APBD (PAD) sudah semakin besar, yang menyiratkan semakin baiknya tingkat kemandirian fiskal. Dengan menggunakan model ekonometrika dapat disimpulkan bahwa dampak kebijakan publik terhadap penerimaan pajak di Indonesia tidaklah besar. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa dampak kebijakan-kebijakan publik yang diputuskan terhadap perbaikan efisiensi dan efektifitas pemungutan pajak, maupun peningkatan potensi pajak, khususnya perluasan basis pajak belum seperti yang diharapkan.

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This thesis is an empirical study that the main focus of analysis is to influence public policy on real tax revenue of central government, provinces and districts/cities in Indonesia. Based on descriptive analysis concluded that: (1) real tax revenue growth is relatively slow, because of relatively high inflation rate, (2) The ratio of central government taxes, provincial and district/city, have increased, (3) until recently, the lower the tax rate when the lower levels of government; and (4) the role of tax revenue in the State Budget (APBN) and Regional Budget/APBD (PAD) has been getting larger, which implies the good level of fiscal independence. By using the econometric model can be concluded that the impact of public policies on tax revenue in Indonesia was not large. This shows that the impact of public policies that decided to improve efficiency and effectiveness of tax collection, as well as potential tax increase, particularly the expansion of tax base has not been as expected."

"Penerapan Sistem Pengendalian Internal merupakan bentuk komitmen pemerintah dalam mewujudkan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan negara yang akuntabel, efektif dan efisien, serta mengacu pada kebijakan yang tepat. Penerapan sistem pengendalian internal dalam pengelolaan dana desa menjadi hal yang penting mengingat prioritas tujuan dari pengelolaan dana desa adalah meningkatkan pembangunan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat desa, yang mana di sisi lain masih banyak ditemukan permasalahan dalam pengelolaan dana desa itu sendiri. Kabupaten Bekasi sebagai wilayah dengan salah satu kawasan industri terbesar di Asia Tenggara pun masih memiliki beberapa permasalahan pengelolaan desa, beberapa di antaranya masih fokus dalam pembangunan infrastruktur, hingga lemahnya pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh APIP. Desa Tambun dan Desa Segarajaya di Kabupaten Bekasi juga merasakan permasalahan tersebut, disamping faktor wilayah dan masyarakat antara dua desa tersebut yang cukup berbeda. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang ada, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengaalisis sistem pengendalian internal dalam pengelolaan dana desa di Kabupaten Bekasi Tahun 2018 melalui studi kasus Desa Tambun dan Desa Segarajaya. Teori dasar yang digunakan adalah sistem internal COSO (COSO) Komite Pengendalian Organisasi (COSO) Tahun 2013, mencakup 5 komponen: pengendalian lingkungan, pengendalian risiko, pengendalian aktivitas, informasi komunikasi, dan aktivitas aktivitas. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah tidak seluruh komponen sistem pengendalian internal oleh COSO telah dilaksanakan oleh Desa Tambun atau Desa Segarajaya. Permasalahan yang menjadi perhatian utama adalah karena pemahaman pemerintah desa yang terkait dengan pengelolaan internal dalam pengelolaan dana desa, karena sosialisasi kebijakan dari pemerintah pusat yang belum secara utuh mensosialisasikan kebijakan sistem pengendalian internal kepada pemerintah desa

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The implementation of the Internal Control System is a form of the government's commitment in realizing accountable, effective and efficient state governance and refers to the right policies. The application of an internal control system in the management of village funds is important considering the priority objectives of village fund management are to increase development and empowerment of village communities, which on the other hand still find many problems in the management of village funds itself. Bekasi Regency as an area with one of the largest industrial estates in Southeast Asia still has several village management problems, some of which are still focused on infrastructure development, to the point of weak supervision by APIP. Tambun Village and Segarajaya Village in Bekasi Regency also feel this problem, in addition to the regional and community factors between the two villages which are quite different. Based on existing problems, this study aims to analyze the internal control system in managing village funds in Bekasi Regency in 2018 through a case study of Tambun Village and Segarajaya Village. The basic theory used is the 2013 COSO (COSO) Organizational Control Committee (COSO) internal system, which includes 5 components: environmental control, risk control, activity control, communication information, and activity activities. The results of this study are that not all components of the internal control system by COSO have been implemented by Tambun Village or Segarajaya Village. The main concern is the understanding of the village government regarding internal management in managing village funds, because the socialization of policies from the central government has not yet fully socialized the internal control system policy to the village government."

"Keberhasilan dalam pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan merupakan salah satu tujuan dalam mewujudkan kepentingan nasional yang paling strategis bagi tegakberdirinya Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Namun, selama lebih dari enam dasa-warsa, pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan masih menghadapi masalah dalam hal keamanan dan kedaulatan; kesejahteraan dan perlindungan rakyat; pelayanan publik dan sarana-prasarana; tata kelola dan keberlanjutan lingkungan; ketergantungan pada negara tetangga; kejahatan lintas perbatasan; pengamanan, pengelolaan dan perlindungan aset-aset nasional; dan desentralisasi pemerintahan. Permasalahan-permasalahan tersebut bersumber pada isi kebijakan, implementasi kebijakan dan gambaran masa depan yang problematik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menjawab tiga pertanyaan pokok, yakni: (i) bagaimana isi kebijakan ( policy content) pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan sebagaimana diatur dalam UU No. 43 Tahun 2008 dan Perpres No. 12 Tahun 2010 serta peraturan perundang-undangan dan kebijakan terkait lainnya?; (ii) bagaimana implementasi kebijakan pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan dalam mewujudkan beranda depan negara yang aman dan sejahtera?; dan (iii) bagaimana skenario dan arah kebijakan pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan yang aman dan sejahtera sampai dengan tahun 2030? Secara umum, penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yakni tahap pertama yang mencakup evaluasi isi dan implementasi kebijakan serta tahap kedua yang mencakup scenario planning dan perumusan rekomendasi kebijakan. Analisis terhadap isi kebijakan pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan menemukan adanya "kesenjangan" kebijakan, kurang harmonisnya pengaturan antar kebijakan, dan tumpang tindihnya kebijakan dalam pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan. Ketidak-selarasan kebijakan antara lain ditemukan dalam aspek penganggaran, yaitu bahwa anggaran pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan yang terdapat pada pos belanja Pemerintah masih tersebar di beberapa Kementerian/ Lembaga teknis. Analisis terdahap implementasi kebijakan mendapatkan kurangnya koordinasi dan keterpaduan program oleh BNPP sebagai akar masalah dari belum efektifnya pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan. Sistem pembagian dan koordinasi kewenangan antara BNPP dan lembaga-lembaga ad-hoc juga problematik. Implementasi kebijakan pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan juga dipengaruhi oleh belum adanya grand design penataan dan pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan. Dengan pertanyaan strategis "Bagaimanakah kondisi kawasan perbatasan dapat dipertahankan dalam bingkai NKRI sampai dengan tahun 2030 dan guna mengantisipasi AEC 2015 yang berkolaborasi dan berkompetisi"?, empat driving forces dirumuskan, yaitu politik, pembangunan ekonomi, keamanan, serta kesejahteraan. Peneliti membangun 4 (empat) scenario pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan, yaitu: Merah Putih Berkibar Jaya, Merah Putih Terkulai di Ujung Tiang, Merah Putih Setengah Tiang, dan Merah Putih Turun Tiang. Dari analisis kebijakan disimpulkan adanya kesenjangan, disharmonisasi, kevakuman, ketidakkonsistenan, serta ketidaktepatan perumusan kebijakan, yang mengakibatkan tidak optimalnya sistem keorganisasian dan program. Dari analisis implementasi kebijakan disimpulkan adanya ketidakefektivan implementasi karena keragaman persepsi dan hambatan prasarana dan sarana. Dari scenario planning disimpulkan adanya empat driving forces yaitu politik, pembangunan ekonomi, keamanan dan kesejahteraan, dan bahwa apabila tidak dilakukan perubahan, pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan akan masuk pada Skenario Merah Putih Setengah Tiang atau Merah Putih Turun Tiang. Untuk itu, perubahan atau penyempurnaan kebijakan dan penguatan kelembagaan dibutuhkan. Berkenan dengan isi kebijakan direkomendasikan perlunya perbaikan, penyempurnaan dan harmonisasi kebijakan pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan, serta perlunya pengembangan Grand Design Penataan dan Pengelolaan Kawasan Perbatasan. Berkenaan dengan implementasi kebijakan direkomendasikan perlunya kesepahaman persepsi dan strategi dari para stakeholder serta penyediaan prasarana, sarana dan sumber daya yang memadai, mendesaknya reorganisasi BNPP dengan menempatkannya di bawah kendali langsung Wakil Presiden, perlunya restrukturisasi BNPP berdasarkan pada satuan wilayah, serta diberikannya kewenangan kepada BNPP untuk menentukan alokasi anggaran dalam pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan. Berkenaan dengan scenario planning direkomendasikan perlunya pengembangan skenario dengan variabel-variabel yang lebih lengkap sebagai dasar pembaruan atau penyempurnaan kebijakan dan implementasinya, serta perlunya perbaikan atau penyempurnaan kebijakan strategis secara terus-menerus berdasarkan pada Skenario Merah Putih Berkibar Jaya, dengan mempertimbangkan perkembangan kekinian, preferensi dan agenda nasional dan lokal. Implikasi teoritik penelitian ini adalah, pertama, penelitian kebijakan pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan perlu dikembangkan lebih lanjut, dan, kedua, sintesa teoritik dalam penelitian kebijakan yang mendasarkan pada teori-teori struktur kebijakan dan kontekstualisasi kebijakan serta dipadukan dengan teori-teori evaluasi kebijakan serta teori-teori reformasi teritorial perlu dikembangkan lebih lanjut. Secara praktik, penelitian ini memiliki tiga implikasi. Pertama, perlunya perbaikan atau penyempurnaan kebijakan dengan mendasarkan pada analisis kebijakan terkait demi terwujudnya skenario ideal. Kedua, perlunya kajian kebijakan pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan demi merumuskan peraturan perundangundangan yang bersifat lex specialis. Ketiga, perlunya intervensi pemerintah dalam hal pemekaran daerah, membuat tata wilayah pengembangan baru dalam bentuk daerah administratif di perbatasan.

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The success of border area management is one of aims in creating the most strategic national importance for stand-establishment the unitary state of Indonesia or NKRI. However, for more than six decades, the border area management is still facing problems in terms of security and sovereignty; the prosperity and the protection of people; the public service and the infrastructures; the governance and the sustainability of behavior; the dependence on neighboring country; the cross-border crime; security, management and protection of national assets; and the government decentralization. Those issues are based on the content of policy, policy implementation and the problematic future reflection.

Therefore, this research is done for answering three main questions, there are: (i) what is the content of border area management policy in the same manner as set out in Law No. 43 of 2008 and Presidential Law No. 12 Tahun 2010 and the content of legislation rule and the other concerned policy?; (ii) What is the implementation of border area management policy in creating secure and prosperous national front porch?; (iii) what scenario and direction border area management policy which is secure and prosperous until 2030? Generally, the research is done in two stages; the first stage covers the content evaluation and the policy implementation and the second stage covers the planning scenario and the recommendation formulating of policy.

Analysis to content of border area management policy discovers the policy "discrepancy", the lack of inters policy regulation harmony, and the overlapping of policy in border area management. The policy unconformity is discovered in budgeting aspect, the budget of border area management which is contained in government expense items is still spread in some ministries or technical institutions. Analysis to policy implementation discovers the lack of program coordination and the cohesiveness by BNPP as the main problem of the border area management ineffectiveness. The distribution system and the authority coordination between BNPP and ad-hoc institutions are also problematic. The implementation of border area policy is also influenced by the absence of border area ordering and management grand design.

With the strategic question "how the condition of the border area is defensible in NKRI frame until 2030 and in anticipation of the AEC 2015 collaborate and compete"?, four driving forces are formulated, there are politic, economy development, security, and prosperity. The researcher set up four scenarios of border area management, there are: Merah Putih Berkibar Jaya, Merah Putih Terkulai di Ujung Tiang, Merah Putih Setengah Tiang, dan Merah Putih Turun Tiang. From the policy analysis can be concluded that there are the discrepancy, the exist of vacuum, the inconsistence, the disharmony, and the inaccuracy of policy formulation, which cause the organization and program system is non-optimal. From the implementation of policy analysis can be concluded that there is the ineffectiveness of implementation caused by varieties of perception and infrastructures obstruction. From the scenario planning can be concluded that there are four driving forces: politic, economy development, security, and prosperity, and that if there is no change, the border area management will be entered in Skenario Merah Putih Setengah Tiang or Merah Putih Turun Tiang. As for some reasons, the changes and the action of perfectingthe policy and the consolidating of institutional are needed.

In connection with the content of policy there is a recommendation for rehabilitation, action of perfecting and the harmonization of border area policy, and also the need of developing the border area management and ordering. In connection with the policy implementation there is a recommendation the need of the like-minded perception and the strategy from the stakeholders and also the infrastructure supplying, the equality of infrastructure and the main resource, the BNPP reorganization obtruding with place BNPP under the Vice President control, the need of restructuration BNPP based on unit of area, and the authority for BNPP leader for determining the budget allocation in managing border area. In connection with scenario planning there is a recommendation the need of scenario development with the complete variables as the main renewal or the action of perfecting the policy and its implementation, and also the need of rehabilitation and action of perfecting the strategic policy continuously based on Merah Putih Berkibar Jaya scenario, with considering the newest development, preference and national-local agenda.

The theories implication of this research is first, the research of border area management policy needs to be developed further. Second, theories synthesis in policy research is going upon the policy structure theories, the policy contextualization, and is compacted with the policy evaluation theories and the territorial reformation theories needs to be developed further. Practically, this research has three implications. First, the need of the rehabilitation and the action of perfecting the policy is going upon the concerned policy analysis for creating ideal scenario. Second, the need of the border area management policy study for formulating the rules of law which is lex specializes. Third, the need of government intervention in terms of the region enfoldment, creating a new development low of region such as an administrative region in border area. "