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"The cerebellum is an intriguing component of the brain. In humans, it occupies only 10% of the brain volume, yet has approximately 69 billion neurons, i.e. 80% of the nerve cells in the brain! A functional understanding of the cerebellum is enabled by the fact it is made up of a repeated array of neuronal networks, or motifs, each of which may function as an adaptive filter. In short, the cerebellum can be thought of a massive array of adaptive filters that can contribute across a wide range of brain tasks and functionality. Understanding the evolutionary origins of the cerebellum supports this overview of cerebellar function. The cerebellum first arose in jawed vertebrates such as sharks, and sharks have an additional cerebellum-like structure that clearly works as an adaptive filter. The function of shark cerebellum-like structures is to discriminate self from other in sensory inputs. With the evolution of the true cerebellum, the adaptive filter functionality was adopted for motor control and paved the way for athleticism and movement finesse that we see in swimming, running, climbing, and flying vertebrates. Distinguishing self from other in our interactions with the physical world extends to the identified role of the cerebellum in model systems, but also into some aspects of cognitive function. It is this view of the cerebellar function that defines the cerebellar sense of self."

"Praktik residensi keperawatan medikal bedah yang dilakukan selama dua semester telah memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dengan gangguan neurologi, melakukan telaah evidence based nursing dan proyek inovasi yang dilakukan di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto dan RS Pusat Otak Nasional. Peran pemberian asuhan keperawatan pada kasus kelolaan utama yaitu post kraniotomi tuberkuloma serebelum dan 30 pasien resume menggunakan teori adapatasi Roy. Perilaku maladaptif paling banyak adalah pada mode adaptasi fisiologi. Penerapan EBN tentang intervensi slow stroke back massage pada pasien stroke yang mengalami nyeri bahu tidak dapat dilakukan karena lonjakan kasus COVID-19. Pelaksanaan proyek inovasi video edukasi pencegahan komplikasi pasca stroke memberikan manfaat dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan perilaku caregiver dalam mencegah terjadinya komplikasi pneumonia, luka tekan dan kontraktur.

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The medical surgical nursing residency practice which was carried out for two semesters has provided nursing care for patients with neurological disorders, conducted evidence-based nursing studies and innovation projects carried out at RSPAD Gatot Soebroto and RS Pusat Otak Nasional. The role of providing nursing care in the main cases, namely post craniotomy tuberculoma cerebellum and 30 resume patients using Roy's adaptation theory. Most maladaptive behavior is in the physiological adaptation mode. The application of EBN regarding slow stroke back massage intervention in stroke patients who experience shoulder pain cannot be carried out due to the spike in COVID-19 cases. The implementation of an educational video innovation project on preventing post-stroke complications provides benefits in increasing caregiver knowledge and behavior in preventing complications of pneumonia, pressure sores and contractures."

"Kondisi hipoksia sangat berhubungan dengan manusia yang tinggal di tempat yang tinggi. Kondisi ini menyebabkan perubahan-perubahan fisiologis tubuh, seperti meningkatnya pernafasan, produksi sel darah merah dan angiogenesis disertai dengan peningkatan stress oksidatif pada tingkat sel. Serebelum memiliki peran penting dalam hidup manusia. Fungsinya meliputi keseimbangan tubuh, fungsi kognitif dan koordinasi motorik. Dari penelitian sebelumnya, telah ditemukan bahwa hipoksia menyebabkan terganggunya keseimbangan dan juga meningkatnya stres oksidatif pada otak kecil. Sebelumnya, tikus-tikus telah diberikan perlakuan hipobarik hipoksia intermiten.Pada percobaan ini, aktivitas spesifik katalase pada serebelum diukur dengan metode Mates et al pada homogenat serebelum dari tikus-tikus yang telah diberikan perlakuan hipobarik hipoksia intermiten.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas spesifik katalase tidak meningkat secara bermakna pada semua kelompok dibanding control dengan uji ANOVA p= 0.116 . Hal ini kemungkinan disebabkan oleh rendahnya aktivitas katalase dalam serebelum dan adanya perbedaan aktivitas katalase pada berbagai lapisan serebelum.

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Hypoxia condition has been linked to people that lived in higher altitudes. This particular condition has effects to the physiological of human body such as increase respiratory rate, angiogenesis and reactive oxidative stress in cellular level. Cerebellum has a key role in human physiologic function. It is responsible for balance function, cognitive function and motor coordination. From previous research, hypoxia has caused postural imbalance and increased oxidative stress in cerebellum.In this experiment, the specific activity of catalase of rat`s cerebellum is measured by Mates et al. method with the homogenate of cerebellum of rat`s which as been exposed to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia.The research showed the catalase specific activity of cerebellum did not increase significantly in all groups compared to control group after being analyzed by ANOVA p 0.116 . The insignificant result can be affected by many factors such as little amount of catalase in cerebellum and difference catalase activity in cerebellar layers."

"Essentials of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders is the first book of its kind written specifically for graduate students and clinicians. It is based on the 4-volume treatise, Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders (Springer, 2013), the definitive reference for scientists and neurologists in the field of cerebellar neurobiology. There have been fundamental advances in the basic science and clinical neurology of the cerebellum and its role in sensorimotor function and cognition. This monograph makes this large and expanding body of knowledge readily accessible to trainees and clinicians alike. The editors are world leaders in the field, and the chapters are authored by an international panel of experts drawn from ataxia clinics and cerebellar laboratories throughout North America, Europe and Asia. Essentials provides a solid grounding in the field of cerebellar research and ataxiology from cerebellar circuity to clinical practice, and it serves as a springboard to a deeper appreciation of both the principles and the complexities of cerebellar neurobiology. Clinicians are expected to have a deep appreciation of cerebellar disorders, not only in specialized ataxia clinics but also in adult and pediatric neurology, neurosurgery, psychiatry and neuropsychology practices, and in outpatient and inpatient rehabilitation settings. This book is an indispensable resource for students and practitioners navigating the evolving field of cerebellar motor and cognitive neurology. It also links to the more expansive Handbook for those who need to explore the topics in this monograph in greater depth."