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Lana Utrujatulhayat
"Indonesia merupakan negara penghasil minyak kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia dengan provinsi Riau sebagai penyumbang lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit terluas. Sektor perkebunan tersebut berkembang hampir di seluruh wilayah kabupaten provinsi. Dari tiga sistem pengelolaan perkebunan, pengembangan sektor kelapa sawit ini lebih gencar dilaksanakan dengan status perkebunan swasta baik perusahaan maupun investor asing. Seiring dengan pertumbuhannya yang semakin meningkat, sektor perkebunan kelapa sawit justru berpotensi menimbulkan masalah terhadap kelestarian lingkungan. Menggunakan green criminology sebagai perspektif utama yang didukung teori marxs ecology, penelitian ini menjelaskan bagaimana lingkungan hidup secara tidak langsung mengalami viktimisasi secara struktural akibat upaya pemerintah dalam mengembangkan sektor perkebunan kelapa sawit di provinsi Riau. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka digunakan peneliti untuk mendeskripsikan fenomena dan memberikan porsi analitis dalam pembahasan penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa bentuk viktimisasi struktural terhadap lingkungan tersebut terjadi dengan proses perumusan Rancangan Peraturan Daerah Ranperda Rencana Tata Ruang dan Wilayah Provinsi RTRWP Riau sebagai legal factor.

Indonesia is the largest palm oil producer in the world with Riau province as a contributor to the largest palm oil plantation. The plantation sector is spread all over the provincial area. Based on 3 three plantation maintenance systems, the development of palm oil sector is more intensively conducted with the status of private estates both companies and foreign investors . As development rise, palm oil plantation sector potentially creates problem to the environment. Using green criminology as the main perspectives that supported by Marx 39 s ecology theory, this research explains how living the environment ecology indirectly experiences structural victimization because of the state rsquo s efforts in developing palm oil sector in Riau province. A qualitative approach with the method of observation, interview, and literature study used by researchers to describe the phenomenon and provide an analytical portion in the discussion of this study. This research concluded that the structural form of victimization against the environment occurred with the drafting local regulation process Ranperda of Riau Provincial Spatial Planning RTRWP as a legal factor."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Indonesia, 2018
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Nanik Ambar Suharyanti
"Salah satu tantangan yang dihadapi Indonesia dalam target pencapaian ISPO yaitu perkebunan kelapa sawit yang telah tertanam di lahan gambut, baik untuk perkebunan swasta maupun perkebunan rakyat. Beberapa permasalahan diantaranya terkait produktivitas, lingkungan, ekonomi dan sosial. Riset ini bertujuan untuk membangun model perkebunan kelapa sawit berkelanjutan dan membuat sintesis perbaikan. Metode riset adalah analisis statistik dynamic multivariate regression, analisis keekonomian (NPV dan IRR) serta pemodelan system dynamics. Hasil riset pada perkebunan kelapa sawit swasta, urutan variabel yang paling berpengaruh yaitu OER CPO, kerapatan tanam, TMAT dan pemupukan. Untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat, urutan variabel teknis yang berpengaruh adalah kebakaran, periode panen, pemupukan dan umur tanaman. Kesimpulan riset menyatakan, model pengelolaan perkebunan kelapa sawit swasta dibangun dengan intervensi skenario optimis yaitu peningkatan persentase OER CPO 20%, kerapatan tanam 15%, pemupukan 15% dan TMAT 100%. Untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat, kunci utamanya adalah kebakaran dan kelembagaan agar dapat mencapai target keberlanjutan.

One of the challenges faced by Indonesia in achieving the ISPO target is oil palm plantations existing planted on peatlands, both for private plantations and smallholder. Some of these problems are related to productivity, environment, economy, and social. This study aims to build a model of sustainable oil palm plantations and synthesize improvements. The research methods used are dynamic multivariate regression statistical analysis, economic analysis (NPV and IRR), and system dynamics modeling. The research results on private oil palm plantations, the order of the most influential variables are OER CPO, planting density, groundwater level, and fertilization. For smallholder, the technical variables influence fire, harvest time, fertilization, and plant age. The study's conclusion stated that the private oil palm plantation model was built with an optimistic scenario intervention, namely an increase in the percentage of OER CPO 20%, planting density 15%, fertilization 15%, and groundwater level 100%. For smallholder, the key is fire and institutions to achieve sustainability targets."
Jakarta: Sekolah Ilmu Lingkungan Universitas Indonesia, 2021
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Christian Marito
"Indonesia sebagai negara agraris memiliki kekayaan sumber daya alam yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan manusia, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui kegiatan ekonomi. Salah satu inisiatif yang dilakukan adalah melalui pertumbuhan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang semakin meningkat seiring dengan permintaan global. Provinsi Riau memiliki mayoritas lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit di Indonesia. Kelapa sawit merupakan komoditas penting di Riau, dan dengan produksi tingkat pertama, Provinsi Riau dapat dianggap sebagai pusat pengembangan kelapa sawit nasional. Namun, sejalan dengan kajian terdahulu, fenomena pertumbuhan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang begitu masif juga memiliki sejumlah dampak negatif, baik dari sisi lingkungan dan sosial. Dengan menggunakan kerangka teoritik green criminology, penelitian ini tidak lagi mempermasalahkan polemik dari kedua hal tersebut, tetapi fokus pada bagaimana tata kelola yang sudah dirancang dan diimplementasikan seharusnya dapat meminimalisir dampak negatif yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan explanatory research. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dengan berbagai narasumber yang terlibat langsung dengan fenomena pertumbuhan perkebunan kelapa sawit di Riau. Penelitian ini pada akhirnya mendapati tiga pembahasan. Pembahasan pertama, kerugian lingkungan dan kerugian sosial yang dihadirkan oleh pertumbuhan perkebunan kelapa sawit di Riau adalah efek dari buruknya tata kelola yang ada (baik instrumen kebijakannya, pemerintah sebagai pelaksana kebijakan, dan masyarakat). Pembahasan kedua, buruknya tata kelola perkebunan kelapa sawit pada konteks selanjutnya merupakan efek dari ketidakberdayaan atau tersanderanya negara oleh kepentingan korporasi. Hal ini tercerminkan dari adanya relasi ekonomi politik antara negara dan swasta yang tidak setara. Terakhir, hasil dari kedua pembahasan sebelumnya kemudian menjadi landasan peneliti dalam memperkaya konseptualisasi state capture dengan menghadirkan environmental state capture.

Indonesia as an agricultural country has a wealth of natural resources that can be utilized to meet human needs, either directly or indirectly through economic activities. One of the initiatives undertaken is through the growth of oil palm plantations which are increasing in line with global demand. Riau Province has the majority of oil palm plantation land in Indonesia. Palm oil is an important commodity in Riau, and with first-rate production, Riau Province can be considered the center of national palm oil development. However, in line with previous studies, the phenomenon of massive growth of oil palm plantations also has a number of negative impacts, both from an environmental and social perspective. Using the theoretical framework of green criminology, this research no longer disputes the polemics of these two matters, but focuses on how the governance that has been designed and implemented should be able to minimize the resulting negative impacts. This research uses a qualitative research approach using an explanatory research approach. Data collection was conducted by in-depth interviews with various resource persons directly involved with the phenomenon of oil palm plantation growth in Riau. This research ultimately found three discussions. The first discussion is that environmental damage and social damage presented by the growth of oil palm plantations in Riau are the effects of poor governance (both the policy instruments, the government as the policy implementer, and the community). The second discussion, the poor governance of oil palm plantations in the next context is the effect of the powerlessness or hostage of the state by corporate interests. This is reflected in the unequal political economy relations between the state and the private sector. Finally, the results of the two previous discussions then become the basis for researchers in enriching the conceptualization of state capture by presenting environmental state capture."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Indonesia, 2023
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UI - Disertasi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Octa Fredi
"Isu lingkungan khususnya deforestasi telah menjadi perhatian dunia termasuk Indonesia yang kemudian merespon dengan keluarnya kebijakan moratorium hutan dan gambut di tahun 2011. Kebijakan ini menimbulkan pro dan kontra terkait trade off antara lingkungan dan ekonomi khususnya pada studi kasus sektor kelapa sawit. Penyelamatan lingkungan melalui kebijakan moratorium harus dihadapkan dengan potensi dampak melambatnya kontribusi ekonomi dari kelapa sawit sebagai komditas andalan baik di level regional dan nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak kebijakan moratorium terhadap daerah sentra kelapa sawit, Riau. Analisis penelitian menggunakan metode sistem dinamik selama periode aktual 2008-2016 dan dilanjutkan dalam proyeksi hingga 2026 dengan membandingkan skenario kondisi moratorium, tanpa moratorium dan moratorium berjangka. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kebijakan moratorium memberikan dampak positif terhadap perlambatan penurunan luas hutan namun di satu sisi juga memberikan dampak negatif terhadap perlambatan kontribusi ekonomi yang ditandai dengan perlambatan laju ekspansi lahan kelapa sawit, produksi kelapa sawit dan volume ekspor kelapa sawit yang kemudian berujung pada kontirbusi nilai ekspor kelapa sawit baik dalam jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang.

Environmental issues, especially deforestation, have become the world's attention, including Indonesia, which then responded with the release of forest and peat moratorium policies in 2011. This policy raises the pros and cons of trade-offs between the environment and the economy especially on the case study of the palm oil sector. Saving the environment through moratorium policies should be faced with the potential impact of slowing economic contributions from oil palm as a reliable commodity both at regional and national levels. This study aims to analyze the impact of moratorium policy on the area of ​​oil palm center, Riau. The research analysis used dynamic system method during the actual period of 2008-2016 and continued in projection up to 2026 by comparing scenario of moratorium condition, without moratorium and futures moratorium. The results of the research indicate that the moratorium policy has a positive impact on the decline in forest area but on the one hand it also negatively impacts the slowdown of economic contribution which is marked by the slowing of the expansion rate of oil palm, palm oil production and export volume of palm oil which then lead to the contribution of value export of palm oil both in short and long term."
Depok: Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia, 2018
T49907
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Alif Vito Kurniawan
"Reforma Agraria merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meminimalisir ketimpangan di Indonesia. Pemerintah Indonesia, dalam upaya mewujudkan reforma agraria, telah mencanangkan Program Reforma Agraria yang difokuskan pada pendistribusian lahan kepada masyarakat. Upaya ini menghadapi tantangan yaitu ekspansi dari industri kelapa sawit di Indonesia yang menjadi semakin besar akibat dari kebutuhan energi global. Perkembangan industri kelapa sawit sejalan dengan kebutuhan akan lahan untuk perkebunan komoditas tersebut, salah satunya di Provinsi Riau sebagai salah satu daerah penghasil crude palm oil (CPO) terbesar di Indonesia. Akibatnya, implementasi kebijakan reforma agraria di Riau menemui serangkaian masalah, yang membuat pemerintah daerah dihadapkan pada dilema untuk melanggengkan industri kelapa sawit demi memenuhi permintaan pasar global akan energi baru terbarukan, atau mewujudkan cita-cita reforma agraria. Menggunakan kerangka teoritik Model Implementasi Kebijakan Merilee S Grindle, studi ini berupaya untuk mengeksplorasi mengapa ekspansi industri kelapa sawit dapat menjadi suatu faktor yang menghambat upaya reforma agraria di Provinsi Riau, dengan berfokus pada proses redistribusi lahan di Kabupaten Siak.

Agrarian Reform is one of the efforts to minimize inequality in Indonesia. The Indonesian government, in an effort to realize agrarian reform, has launched the Agrarian Reform Program that focuses on distributing land to the community. This effort faces challenges, namely the expansion of the palm oil industry in Indonesia which is getting bigger as a result of global energy needs. The development of the palm oil industry is in line with the need for land for these plantation commodities, one of which is in Riau Province as one of the largest crude palm oil (CPO) producing regions in Indonesia. As a result, the implementation of the agrarian reform policy in Riau encountered a series of problems, which made the local government face the dilemma of perpetuating the palm oil industry in order to meet global market demand for new and renewable energy, or to realize the ideals of agrarian reform. Using the theoretical framework of the Merilee S Grindle Policy Implementation Model, this study seeks to explore why the expansion of the palm oil industry can be a factor hindering agrarian reform efforts in Riau Province, by focusing on the land redistribution process in the Siak District."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Indonesia, 2023
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Julliana Isnuuntari
"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui total biaya ekonomi produksi biodiesel minyak kelapa sawit. Biaya produksi dihitung dari tahap penanaman kelapa sawit di perkebunan, pengolahan menjadi minyak kelapa sawit dan pengolahannya menjadi biodiesel serta distribusi ke depo Pertamina. Pada tingkat perkebunan mengasumsikan luas lahan tanam 6.000 ha di Provinsi Riau. Total biaya ekonomi produksinya yaitu Rp 1.023/kg, dengan komponen biaya terbesar yaitu biaya tenaga kerja (41%) dan biaya material (27%). Biaya lingkungan dan biaya sosial yang merupakan eksternalitas negatif dari perkebunan sawit adalah Rp 169/kg (16%). Pada pabrik kelapa sawit dilakukan perhitungan pada 4 skala pabrik, dan total biaya produksi rata-rata terendah adalah skala 45 ton/jam, yaitu Rp 5.511/kg. Komponen biaya terbesarnya yaitu biaya proses (65%) dan biaya material (22%). Pada pabrik biodiesel dilakukan perhitungan pada 2 skala pabrik, dan biaya produksi rata-rata terendah adalah skala 300 ton per day yaitu Rp 9.721/kg. Secara total biaya ekonomi produksi biodiesel dari kelapa sawit mulai dari tahap penanaman sampai distribusi adalah Rp 9.971/kg, dengan komponen biaya terbesar yaitu biaya material (64%) dan biaya proses (30%). Perhitungan rinci komponen biaya produksi ini menghasilkan beberapa masukan bagi kebijakan efisiensi biaya produksi biodiesel guna meningkatkan ketahanan energi nasional melalui pemanfaatan biodiesel sebagai pengganti bahan bakar fosil.

This study aims to calculate the total economic cost of biodiesel production from palm oil. The production cost is calculated from the plantation level, the conversion into oil palm, the conversion into biodiesel and finally the distribution of biodiesel to Pertamina?s depot. At the plantation level, the study assumes a planting area of 6.000 hectares in Riau Province, resulting in the cost of Rp 1.023/kg with the largest components being the cost of labor (41%) and materials (27%). Environment and social cost as negative externalities incurred by oil palm plantation is Rp 169/kg (16%). In the palm oil mill stage, calculation is done on 4 different mill sizes, and the lowest total average production cost is a mill with capacity of 45 ton/hour, Rp 5.511/kg; the largest cost being processing costs (65%), and materials cost (22%). In the biodiesel plant stage, calculation was done on 2 different plant sizes and the lowest total average production cost is a plant with capacity of 300 ton per day. In total, the economic cost of biodiesel production form palm oil from the planting and distribution stages is Rp 9.971/kg, with the largest cost being materials cost (64%) and processing cost (30%). The detailed calculation on production cost results in a list of policy recommendations to enhance the efficiency of biodiesel production in order to improve national energy security through the use of biodiesel as substitute for fossil fuels."
Depok: Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia, 2016
T46094
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Cerli Febri Ramadani
"Riau memiliki perkebunan kelapa sawit terbesar di Indonesia. Sebanyak 1,2 juta hektar perkebunan kelapa sawit berada di kawasan hutan dan tidak memiliki izin. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian normatif yuridis. Penelitian ini mengindetifikasi penyebab terjadinya alih fungsi kawasan hutan yang tidak memiliki izin khususnya untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit. Dampak yang terjadi akibat alih fungsi ini adalah rusaknya ekosistem hutan, negara mengalami kerugian pajak, konflik perusahaan dengan masyarakat, dan hilangnya mata pencaharian masyarakat setempat. Alih fungsi kawasan hutan diperbolehkan berdasarkan Pasal 19 Undang-undang Nomor 41 Tahun 1999 tentang Kehutanan, namun harus diimbangi dengan pembangunan yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan. Undang-undang Kehutanan dan Perkebunan sebagai undang-undang dasar alih fungsi kawasan hutan sudah cukup memperhatikan lingkungan, namun hal ini tidak sejalan dengan Undang-undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja yang banyak mengganti dan menghapus pasal-pasal dari Undang-undang Kehutanan dan Perkebunan menjadi tidak ramah lingkungan dan tidak sesuai dengan Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 sebagai grundnorm yang menganut Green Constitution.

Riau has the largest oil palm plantations in Indonesia. As much 1,2 million hectares of oil palm plantations are located in forest land and unlicensed. This research used normative juridical. This research identifies cause functions shift forest land unlicensed especially for oil palm plantation. Impact this functions shift is damaged forest ecosystems, tax losses, corporate conflict with communities, and livelihood loss. The functional shift of forest land be permitted based on article 19 Law Number 41 of 1999 on Forestry but must balance with sustainable and environmentally friendly development. Forestry law and Plantation law as the constitution  forest shift functional land notice environment,  but not in line with Law Number 11 of 2020 on Job Creation which replaces a lot and removes articles from The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia as grundnorm follow The Green Constitution."
Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2021
T55477
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Reni Andriani
"Penelitian ini menelusuri berbagai bentuk alienasi yang dihadapi perempuan buruh harian lepas di perkebunan sawit rakyat (BHL sawit) yang tidak hanya berkaitan dengan aktivitas produksinya tetapi juga aktivitas reproduksinya, serta menelusuri bagaimana perempuan BHL sawit proses membangun agensi dalam menghadapi alienasi atas dirinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di sebuah perkebunan sawit rakyat berskala industri di Povinsi Riau. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan perspektif feminis dan menggunakan kerangka teori alienasi yang dikembangkan oleh Alison Jaggar dan teori agensi yang dikembangkan oleh Sherry B. Ortner. Melalui rangkaian pendekatan tersebut, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perempuan BHL sawit mengalami empat bentuk alienasi yakni alienasi seksualitas, alienasi motherhood, alienasi intelektualitas dan alienasi terhadap alam. Proses alienasi atas perempuan BHL sawit dalam empat bentuk tersebut tidak terlepas dari proses tersingkirnya perempuan sebagai akibat ketidaktersediaan sumber produksi dan hubungan pengelolaan lahan yang dimiliki oleh perempuan. Selain itu, proses alienasi perempuan BHL sawit terkait erat dengan struktur sosial, akses, relasi sosial serta aktivitas produksi di perkebunan dan aktivitas reproduksi perempuan. Penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan agensi yang dibangun perempuan BHL sawit terkait strategi, negosiasi hingga resistensi sebagai respon atas proses alienasi yang dialami perempuan BHL sawit.

This research identifies forms of alienation faced by women casual workers in oil palm plantation both at the production activity and the reproduction one, and elaborates the process of the women build their agency in the face of alienation. This research is held in a commercial smallholding oil palm plantation at Riau Province. Qualitative with feminist perspective is used as an approach of this research. There are two theoretical frameworks applied for this paper, the theory of alienation developed by Alison Jaggar and the Theory of Agency developed by Sherry B. Ortner. Through those frameworks, this research reveals that women casual workers in oil palm plantation experience four forms of alienations which are alienation in sexuality, motherhood, intellectuality and in environment. The process of alienation of the women in these four forms cannot be separated from the process of eliminating women as a result of the unavailability of production sources and the management of land owned by women. Moreover, the alienation process to women daily labor in oil palm plantation is closely related with the social structure, access, social relation, and both production and reproduction activity of women in the plantation. This research also elaborates the agency built by women casual workers in oil palm plantation related to the strategy, negotiation, and even resistance as a respond toward alienation process experienced by them."
Depok: Sekolah Kajian Stratejik dan Global Universitas Indonesia, 2020
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Nelliza Putri
"Biaya logistik secara signifikan dapat mempengaruhi harga TKKS sebagai bahan baku bioethanol generasi kedua, dimana bahan baku itu sendiri merupakan bagian terbesar komponen biaya operasional. Untuk itu diperlukan studi yang secara spesifik merancang rantai pasok biomassa serta mengkuantifikasi biaya transportasi. Pada penelitian ini, telah dikembangkan rancangan logistik untuk beberapa cluster yang masing-masing terdiri dari beberapa PKS (Pabrik Kelapa Sawit) untuk mensuplai pabrik bioethanol berkapasitas 50 kta di Provinsi Riau. Selanjutnya juga dilakukan kuantifikasi biaya logistik dengan mempertimbangkan jarak, jenis kendaraan, kondisi jalan, dan kondisi sumber TKKS. Biaya logistik terdiri dari harga TKKS (dari sumber), biaya transportasi dan biaya pra-perlakuan. Hasil penelitian ini, diharapkan mampu memberikan skema supply network yang optimal dan biaya yang layak dalam mendukung pengembangan bisnis bioethanol generasi kedua berbasis TKKS yang layak secara komersial. Skema tersebut adalah lokasi pabrik bioethanol harus berdekatan dengan pasokan bahan baku terbesar. Didapatkan 3 calon lokasi pabrik bioethanol berkapasitas 50kta di provinsi riau yang terletak di Kabupaten Pelalawan dan Indragiri hilir. Lokasi tersebut menghasilkan biaya transportasi terendah calon lokasi pabrik 2 sebesar Rp 156.000 dengan jarak ke terminal BBM sejauh 282 km dan yang termahal terletak di calon lokasi pabrik 1 yaitu dengan biaya transportasi sebesar Rp189.000 dengan jarak ke TBBM sebesar 120 km.

Logistics costs can significantly affect the price of OPEFB as a second generation bioethanol raw material, where the raw material itself is the largest component of the operational costs. For this reason, studies are needed that specifically design biomass supply network and quantify transportation costs. In this study, we developed a design supply network for several clusters, each consisting of 15 PKS to supply a 50kta bioethanol plant in Riau Province. Furthermore, logistics cost quantification is also carried out by considering the distance, type of vehicle, road conditions, and conditions of the OPEFB source. Logistics costs consist of the OPEFB price (from source), transportation costs and pre-treatment costs. The results of this study are expected to be able to provide an optimal supply network scheme and a reasonable cost to support the development of a commercially viable second-generation bioethanol business based on EFB. The scheme is that the location of the bioethanol plant must be close to the largest supply of raw materials. There were 3 candidate locations for bioethanol factories with a capacity of 50kta in Riau province, which are located in Pelalawan and Indragiri downstream districts. This location generates the lowest transportation costs for prospective factory location 2 of Rp. 156,000 with a distance to the BBM terminal as far as 282 km and the most expensive is located in the prospective factory location 1, with a transportation cost of Rp.189,000 with a distance to TBBM of 120 km."
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2021
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Susilo Sudarman
"[ABSTRAK
Kebakaran lahan dan hutan merupakan ancaman terhadap lingkungan hidup.
Kebakaran lahan dan hutan dipengaruhi oleh pola penggunaan lahan untuk
budidaya. Karakteristik wilayah rawan kebakaran di Kabupaten Pelalawan adalah
wilayah yang memiliki kawasan hutan dengan fungsi hutan produksi konversi dan
hutan produksi terbatas; memiliki tutupan lahan dengan jenis hutan lahan kering
sekunder, semak belukar, semak belukar rawa dan tanah terbuka; serta memiliki
jenis tanah dan sistem lahan berupa endapan aluvial dan tanah mineral perbukitan
rendah, serta jenis tanah gambut dengan kedalaman rendah sampai sedang.
Kemunculan hotspot sebagai indikator kebakaran lahan dan hutan memiliki
hubungan dengan pola curah hujan rendah yang terjadi dua kali selama setahun di
Pelalawan, yaitu antara Januari─Februari dan yang paling ekstrim pada
Juli─Agustus. Langkah mitigasi kebakaran yang dilakukan pemerintah belum
diikuti dengan alternatif solusi budidaya tanam tanpa api. Perubahan budidaya
jenis tanaman semusim ke tanaman keras adalah bentuk adaptasi yang dilakukan
masyarakat. Laju pertumbuhan penduduk berpengaruh nyata terhadap peluang
terjadinya kebakaran lahan dan hutan. Tekanan terhadap penguasaan ruang
sebagai dampak dari pembangunan mempengaruhi kearifan lokal penggunaan api
dalam pengelolaan lahan. Terbatasnya akses terhadap modal perekonomian
menjadi salah satu faktor penghambat trasformasi sosial ekonomi dan budaya dari
pertanian subsisten menjadi agraris, sehingga penggunaan api masih menjadi
bagian dari budaya pengelolaan lahan.

ABSTRACT
Land and forest fires threatening the environment. The occuring of fires influence
by land use for cultivation system. Characteristics of fires vulnerable zone in
Pelalawan district Riau province indicated by the present of forest area with
function for convertion and limited production; land cover type from secondary
dryland forest, scrub, swampy scrub and open area; and alluvial to plain hilly
mineral soil and land system, and shallow to moderate depth of peat swamp. The
present of hotspots as indicator of fires occuring in land or forest area correspond
with the lowest amount of rainfall which happend twice per annum within the
study area, it is happend between January to February and extremly happend in
July to August. The mitigation action proposed by government poorly associate
with alternative solution for zero firest cultivation. The shifting from short period
to parennials agriculture commodity was the adaptation effort taken by the
community. The growth of population influence the opportunity of fires may
occur. The present of land tenure management due to development impact has
influencing the local wisdom in using fires for land management. The limited
acces to capital of economic being a barrier to the succes of social cultural
transformation from subsisten to agrarian cultivation, thus the use of fires still
being part of land development culture.;Land and forest fires threatening the environment. The occuring of fires influence
by land use for cultivation system. Characteristics of fires vulnerable zone in
Pelalawan district Riau province indicated by the present of forest area with
function for convertion and limited production; land cover type from secondary
dryland forest, scrub, swampy scrub and open area; and alluvial to plain hilly
mineral soil and land system, and shallow to moderate depth of peat swamp. The
present of hotspots as indicator of fires occuring in land or forest area correspond
with the lowest amount of rainfall which happend twice per annum within the
study area, it is happend between January to February and extremly happend in
July to August. The mitigation action proposed by government poorly associate
with alternative solution for zero firest cultivation. The shifting from short period
to parennials agriculture commodity was the adaptation effort taken by the
community. The growth of population influence the opportunity of fires may
occur. The present of land tenure management due to development impact has
influencing the local wisdom in using fires for land management. The limited
acces to capital of economic being a barrier to the succes of social cultural
transformation from subsisten to agrarian cultivation, thus the use of fires still
being part of land development culture.;Land and forest fires threatening the environment. The occuring of fires influence
by land use for cultivation system. Characteristics of fires vulnerable zone in
Pelalawan district Riau province indicated by the present of forest area with
function for convertion and limited production; land cover type from secondary
dryland forest, scrub, swampy scrub and open area; and alluvial to plain hilly
mineral soil and land system, and shallow to moderate depth of peat swamp. The
present of hotspots as indicator of fires occuring in land or forest area correspond
with the lowest amount of rainfall which happend twice per annum within the
study area, it is happend between January to February and extremly happend in
July to August. The mitigation action proposed by government poorly associate
with alternative solution for zero firest cultivation. The shifting from short period
to parennials agriculture commodity was the adaptation effort taken by the
community. The growth of population influence the opportunity of fires may
occur. The present of land tenure management due to development impact has
influencing the local wisdom in using fires for land management. The limited
acces to capital of economic being a barrier to the succes of social cultural
transformation from subsisten to agrarian cultivation, thus the use of fires still
being part of land development culture.;Land and forest fires threatening the environment. The occuring of fires influence
by land use for cultivation system. Characteristics of fires vulnerable zone in
Pelalawan district Riau province indicated by the present of forest area with
function for convertion and limited production; land cover type from secondary
dryland forest, scrub, swampy scrub and open area; and alluvial to plain hilly
mineral soil and land system, and shallow to moderate depth of peat swamp. The
present of hotspots as indicator of fires occuring in land or forest area correspond
with the lowest amount of rainfall which happend twice per annum within the
study area, it is happend between January to February and extremly happend in
July to August. The mitigation action proposed by government poorly associate
with alternative solution for zero firest cultivation. The shifting from short period
to parennials agriculture commodity was the adaptation effort taken by the
community. The growth of population influence the opportunity of fires may
occur. The present of land tenure management due to development impact has
influencing the local wisdom in using fires for land management. The limited
acces to capital of economic being a barrier to the succes of social cultural
transformation from subsisten to agrarian cultivation, thus the use of fires still
being part of land development culture.;Land and forest fires threatening the environment. The occuring of fires influence
by land use for cultivation system. Characteristics of fires vulnerable zone in
Pelalawan district Riau province indicated by the present of forest area with
function for convertion and limited production; land cover type from secondary
dryland forest, scrub, swampy scrub and open area; and alluvial to plain hilly
mineral soil and land system, and shallow to moderate depth of peat swamp. The
present of hotspots as indicator of fires occuring in land or forest area correspond
with the lowest amount of rainfall which happend twice per annum within the
study area, it is happend between January to February and extremly happend in
July to August. The mitigation action proposed by government poorly associate
with alternative solution for zero firest cultivation. The shifting from short period
to parennials agriculture commodity was the adaptation effort taken by the
community. The growth of population influence the opportunity of fires may
occur. The present of land tenure management due to development impact has
influencing the local wisdom in using fires for land management. The limited
acces to capital of economic being a barrier to the succes of social cultural
transformation from subsisten to agrarian cultivation, thus the use of fires still
being part of land development culture.;Land and forest fires threatening the environment. The occuring of fires influence
by land use for cultivation system. Characteristics of fires vulnerable zone in
Pelalawan district Riau province indicated by the present of forest area with
function for convertion and limited production; land cover type from secondary
dryland forest, scrub, swampy scrub and open area; and alluvial to plain hilly
mineral soil and land system, and shallow to moderate depth of peat swamp. The
present of hotspots as indicator of fires occuring in land or forest area correspond
with the lowest amount of rainfall which happend twice per annum within the
study area, it is happend between January to February and extremly happend in
July to August. The mitigation action proposed by government poorly associate
with alternative solution for zero firest cultivation. The shifting from short period
to parennials agriculture commodity was the adaptation effort taken by the
community. The growth of population influence the opportunity of fires may
occur. The present of land tenure management due to development impact has
influencing the local wisdom in using fires for land management. The limited
acces to capital of economic being a barrier to the succes of social cultural
transformation from subsisten to agrarian cultivation, thus the use of fires still
being part of land development culture.;Land and forest fires threatening the environment. The occuring of fires influence
by land use for cultivation system. Characteristics of fires vulnerable zone in
Pelalawan district Riau province indicated by the present of forest area with
function for convertion and limited production; land cover type from secondary
dryland forest, scrub, swampy scrub and open area; and alluvial to plain hilly
mineral soil and land system, and shallow to moderate depth of peat swamp. The
present of hotspots as indicator of fires occuring in land or forest area correspond
with the lowest amount of rainfall which happend twice per annum within the
study area, it is happend between January to February and extremly happend in
July to August. The mitigation action proposed by government poorly associate
with alternative solution for zero firest cultivation. The shifting from short period
to parennials agriculture commodity was the adaptation effort taken by the
community. The growth of population influence the opportunity of fires may
occur. The present of land tenure management due to development impact has
influencing the local wisdom in using fires for land management. The limited
acces to capital of economic being a barrier to the succes of social cultural
transformation from subsisten to agrarian cultivation, thus the use of fires still
being part of land development culture., Land and forest fires threatening the environment. The occuring of fires influence
by land use for cultivation system. Characteristics of fires vulnerable zone in
Pelalawan district Riau province indicated by the present of forest area with
function for convertion and limited production; land cover type from secondary
dryland forest, scrub, swampy scrub and open area; and alluvial to plain hilly
mineral soil and land system, and shallow to moderate depth of peat swamp. The
present of hotspots as indicator of fires occuring in land or forest area correspond
with the lowest amount of rainfall which happend twice per annum within the
study area, it is happend between January to February and extremly happend in
July to August. The mitigation action proposed by government poorly associate
with alternative solution for zero firest cultivation. The shifting from short period
to parennials agriculture commodity was the adaptation effort taken by the
community. The growth of population influence the opportunity of fires may
occur. The present of land tenure management due to development impact has
influencing the local wisdom in using fires for land management. The limited
acces to capital of economic being a barrier to the succes of social cultural
transformation from subsisten to agrarian cultivation, thus the use of fires still
being part of land development culture.]"
2016
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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