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"ABSTRAKAsteraceae merupakan famili tumbuhan terbesar di dunia dan tumbuh tersebar di seluruh bagian bumi, kecuali Antartika. Lingkungan Universitas Indonesia merupakan salah satu habitat ditemukannya Asteraceae. Beberapa penelitian telah dilakukan terhadap famili tersebut, tetapi penelitian anatomi masih perlu dilakukan terhadap 6 tribe Asteraceae di kampus UI, yaitu Astereae, Cichorieae, Coreopsideae, Inuleae, Senecioneae, dan Tageteae. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan membandingkan karakter anatomi batang atau tangkai bunga pada keenam tribe tersebut. Preparat sayatan anatomi dari 6 spesies Asteraceae disiapkan dengan teknik non parafin menggunakan hand-sliding microtome dan diamati dengan bantuan mikroskop cahaya. Karakter anatomi dianalisis dengan membandingkan data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil analisis data kuantitatif untuk tebal kutikula, panjang dan lebar sel epidermis, jumlah lapisan epidermis, tebal epidermis, panjang dan lebar sel kolenkim korteks, jumlah lapisan korteks kolenkim, tebal korteks kolenkim, panjang dan lebar sel parenkim korteks, jumlah lapisan korteks parenkim, tebal korteks parenkim, jumlah berkas pembuluh, panjang dan lebar berkas pembuluh, serta diameter empulur, secara umum tidak menunjukkan adanya karakter pembeda pada tingkat spesies atau tribe. Hasil serupa juga ditemukan dalam beberapa karakter kualitatif seperti bentuk sel epidermis, bentuk sel kolenkim korteks, bentuk sel parenkim korteks, tipe berkas pembuluh, dan bentuk sel parenkim empulur. Namun, beberapa karakter kualitatif, yaitu tipe kutikula, trikom, sel sekretori, rongga pada empulur, dan kristal kalsium oksalat menunjukkan adanya potensi untuk digunakan sebagai karakter pembeda pada tingkat spesies dan/atau tribe.

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ABSTRACTAsteraceae is the largest plant family in the world and grows scattered throughout the earth, except Antarctica. Universitas Indonesia is one of the habitats of Asteraceae. Several studies have been conducted on the family, but anatomical studies still need to be done on 6 tribes of Asteraceae on UI campus, Astereae, Cichorieae, Coreopsideae, Inuleae, Senecioneae, and Tageteae. The study aimed to describe and compare the anatomical character of stems or flower stalks in the six tribes. The cross section anatomy of 6 Asteraceae species were prepared by the non paraffin technique using hand sliding microtome and observed with the aid of a light microscope. Anatomical characters were analyzed by comparing qualitative and quantitative data. Results of quantitative data analysis for cuticle thickness, the length and width of epidermal cells, the number of epidermal layers, epidermal thickness, the length and width of the cortex collenchyma cells, the number of cortex collenchyma layers, cortex collenchyma thickness, the length and width of the cortex parenchyma cells, the number of cortex parenchyma layers, the number of vascular bundle, the length and width of the vascular bundle, as well as the pith diameter, generally do not show any distinguishing character at the species or tribe level. Similar result are also found in some qualitative character such as epidermal cell shape, cortex collenchyma cell shape, cortex parenchyma cell shape, vascular bundle type, and pith parenchyma cell shape. However, some qualitative characters including the cuticle type, trichomes, secretory cells, pith cavities, and calcium oxalate crystals suggest potential for use as distinguishing characters at the species and or tribe levels."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian mengenai studi anatomi batang Asteraceae tribe Eupatorieae, tribe Heliantheae, dan tribe Vernonieae dari lingkungan kampus Universitas Indonesia, Depok telah dilakukan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan struktur anatomi batang dan membandingkan struktur tersebut berdasarkan klasifikasi tribe. Spesies yang ditemukan selama penelitian sebanyak 12 spesies yang tersebar dalam 3 tribe. Perbedaan anatomi batang dianalisis dengan menggunakan data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data kualititatif meliputi keberadaan struktur kutikula, trikom, kolenkim sudut, substansi ergastik, kelenjar sekretori, rongga udara, idioblas; bentuk sel epidermis, korteks, empulur; dan tipe pembuluh vaskuler. Data kuantitatif meliputi ketebalan kutikula, ketebalan epidermis, luas floem, luas xylem, jumlah lapisan korteks, dan jumlah pembuluh vaskuler. Batang disayat menggunakan hand-sliding microtome, kemudian diamati di bawah mikroskop cahaya. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif belum dapat menjadi karakter pembeda antar tribe.

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ABSTRACT<>br>Research on stem anatomy of tribe Eupatorieae, tribe Heliantheae, and tribe Vernonieae from Asteraceae family in Universitas Indonesia Campus, Depok was conducted. The objective was to describe stem anatomy structures and compare those structures based on tribe classification. Twelve species from 3 tribe was found and used in the research. Stem anatomical differences was analyzed by qualitative and quantitative approach. Qualitative data includes the presence absence of cuticle, trichome, angular collenchyma, air cavity, ergastic substances, secretory gland, idioblast epidermal cell shape cortical cell shape pith cell shape and type of vascular bundles. Quantitative data includes cuticle thickness, epidermal thickness, large area of phloem, large area of xylem, number of cortical layers, and number of vascular bundles. Stem was dissected by hand sliding microtome, then observed under light microscope. Result shows that qualitative and quantitative character can not be differentiating character between tribes."

"ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menjelaskan struktur komunitas dan melengkapi data mengenai famili Asteraceae di Kampus Universitas Indonesia UI. Penelitian dilakukan selama bulan September dan Oktober 2017. Lokasi pengambilan sampel dibagi menjadi tujuh kompartemen dengan membuat petak berukuran 1x1 meter sebanyak seratus plot menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Data yang diperoleh berupa kehadiran dan diameter tutupan tiap spesies Asteraceae. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan empat belas spesies Asteraceae. Spesies yang ditemukan di kompartemen 1 hingga 7 masing-masing terdiri dari 10 spesies, 9 spesies, 10 spesies, 11 spesies, 8 spesies, 7 spesies, dan 8 spesies. Berdasarkan nilai INP, Mikania micrantha mendominasi hanya pada kompartemen 2 dengan nilai INP sebesar 39,56. Synedrella nodiflora mendominasi pada kompartemen 1, 4, dan 5 dengan nilai masing-masing sebesar 50,28, 34,89, dan 59,08. Sedangkan, Tridax procumbens mendominasi pada kompartemen 3, 6, dan 7 dengan nilai masing-masing sebesar 64,02, 66,47, dan 59,29. Secara keseluruhan, ketujuh kompartemen memiliki indeks keanekaragaman yang rendah hingga sedang H 1,41-2,03, tingkat kemerataan yang tinggi E 0,67-0,84, dan tingkat dominansi yang rendah D 0,14-0,27.

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ABSTRACT<>br>Research on the community structure of Asteraceae family in Universitas Indonesia UI campus has been done. The study was conducted during September to October 2017. A hundred plots sampling with a size of 1 x 1 meter was made purposively on seven compartments that became the sampling location. The data obtained are the presence and coverage area of each species. The total species of Asteraceae found were fourteen. Each compartment has a different number of species. Species found in compartment 1-7 were ten, nine, ten, eleven, eight, seven, and eight species respectively. Based on IVI values, Mikania micrantha dominates only in compartment 2 with an IVI value of 39.56. Synedrella nodiflora dominates in compartments 1, 4, and 5 with IVI values of 50.28, 34.89, and 59.08, respectively. Meanwhile, Tridax procumbens dominates in compartments 3, 6, and 7 with IVI values of 64.02, 66.47, and 59.29 respectively. Overall, the seven compartments had a low to moderate level of diversity H 39 1.41 2.03, high level of evenness E 0.67 0.84, and low level of dominance D 0.14 0.27."

"Penelitian jumlah kromosom famili Asteraceae di lingkungan kampus Universitas Indonesia Depok telah dilakukan pada 13 dari total 21 spesies pada tahun 2013 dan 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melengkapi data jumlah kromosom pada 8 spesies lainnya, namun hanya 4 spesies yang berhasil diperoleh. Metode yang dilakukan adalah modifikasi orcein-squash. Empat spesies Asteraceae yamg diperoleh yaitu Blumea balsamifera (tribe Inuleae). Eclipta prostrata (tribe Heliantheae), Porophyllum ruderale (tribe Tageteae), dan Youngia japonica (tribe Cichorieae). Jumlah kromosom keempat spesies tersebut telah diketahui, yaitu Blumea balsamifera (2n=12, 16, dan 18), Eclipta prostrata (2n=10, ca.11, 12, 14, ca.15, 16, ca.17, 18, 20, dan 22), Porophyllum ruderale (2n=ca.18, 20, ca.22, 24, 26, 28, 0, 32, 34, ca.36, dan 38), dan Youngia japonica (2n= 8, 10, 12, 14, ca.14, 16 ca.16, 18, ca.18, 20, dan 22).

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Study of chromosome number on Asteraceae family that located in Universitas Indonesia has been conducted previously on 13 spesies from total 21 species in 2013 and 2015. This research was addressed to complete the data of chromosome number on 8 species of Asteraceae that located in Universitas Indonesia, but only 4 species of Asteraceae were successfully found. The study was held using orcein-squash modification method. The species that successfully found are Blumea balsamifera (tribe Inuleae). Eclipta prostrata (tribe Heliantheae), Porophyllum ruderale (tribe Tageteae), and Youngia japonica (tribe Cichorieae). Chromosome numbers of those species were known. They are Blumea balsamifera (2n=12, 16, and 18), Eclipta prostrata (2n=10, ca.11, 12, 14, ca.15, 16, ca.17, 18, 20, and 22), Porophyllum ruderale (2n=ca.18, 20, ca.22, 24, 26, 28, 0, 32, 34, ca.36, and 38), and Youngia japonica (2n= 8, 10, 12, 14, ca.14, 16 ca.16, 18, ca.18, 20, and 22)."

"ABSTRAKPengetahuan tentang struktur komunitas serta pembedaan jenis eksotik invasif merupakan usaha pencegahan terhadap persebaran spesies invasif yang penting dilakukan. Pembedaan jenis spesies dapat dilakukan melalui karakter daun yaitu Specific Leaf Area SLA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan struktur komunitas famili Asteraceae dan mengetahui hubungan Indeks Nilai Penting INP spesies Asteraceae dengan nilai SLA, serta memprediksi preferensi habitat Asteraceae berdasarkan karakteristik naungan, di Kebun Raya Cibodas. Data komunitas Asteraceae didapatkan dengan mengukur luas tutupan daun dan kehadiran tiap jenis, sementara data SLA didapatkan dengan mengukur luas dan berat kering daun. Penelitian dilakukan pada 138 plot berukuran 1x1 meter yang disebar di delapan kompartemen berdasarkan keberadaan tutupan tajuk pohon secara random purposive. Analisis regresi linier dilakukan untuk melihat korelasi nilai SLA dengan INP spesies Asteraceae. Analisis regresi logistik dilakukan untuk melihat preferensi habitat spesies Asteraceae 1 untuk wilayah bertajuk pohon dan 0 untuk wilayah terbuka berdasarkan nilai SLA. Hasil penelitian didapatkan dua puluh spesies Asteraceae, dengan spesies yang memiliki INP terbesar yaitu Emilia sonchifolia 26,85. Secara umum kedelapan kompartemen tidak memiliki spesies Asteraceae yang mendominasi D 0,14--0,40, keanekaragaman rendah hingga sedang H rsquo; 1,31--2,12, serta persebaran jenis cenderung merata E 0,6--0,89. Terdapat korelasi positif antara nilai INP dengan nilai SLA spesies Asteraceae di kompartemen bertajuk dengan prediksi penambahan nilai logINP sebesar 0,0014599 tiap satu satuan SLA r2 = 0,1472 pada p = 0,07148. Spesies Asteraceae dengan nilai SLA besar cenderung tumbuh di habitat dengan tutupan tajuk pohon dibandingkan tempat terbuka, dengan nilai odds ratio sebesar 2,75.

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ABSTRACTKnowledge of community structures and capacity to differentiate invasive from non invasive species are essential for invasive species management. Specific Leaf Area SLA is a potential proxy to differentiate invasive species from non invasive species. This study aims to describe the community structure of Asteraceae family, identify the relationship between Important Value Index IVI with SLA of Asteraceae species, and predict Asteraceae habitat preference based on shade characteristics at the Cibodas Botanical Garden. The community structure data were obtained by measuring the extent of leaf cover and the presence of each Asteraceae species. SLA data were collected by measuring the leaf area and leaf dry weight. The study was conducted on 138 of 1x1 m plots in eight compartments which equally divided into two habitat conditions with and without tree canopy cover shading. Plots were sampled by using purposive sampling method. Linear regression analysis conducted to examine the correlation between SLA and IVI values of Asteraceae species. Logistic regression test conducted to observe habitat preference 1 for shaded area and 0 for open area of Asteraceae species based on SLA values. According to survey results, there are 20 species of Asteraceae, with Emilia sonchifolia as the species with largest IVI value 26,85. In general, there are no dominant Asteraceae species in all observed eight compartments D 0,14 0,40, the diversity of Asteraceae species is low to moderate H rsquo 1,31 2,12, and the distribution of Asteraceae species tends to be evenly distributed E 0,6 0,89. There is a positive correlation between SLA and IVI value of Asteraceae species in shaded area with predicted addition of 0,0014599 logINP per one SLA unit increase r2 0,1472 at p 0,07148. The Asteraceae species that prefer shaded habitat tend to have larger SLA relative to species in open area odds ratio 2,75. "

"Famili Asteraceae tercatat memiliki spesies terbanyak yaitu 162 spesies yang termasuk dalam kategori invasif karena memiliki karakter khusus antara lain tumbuh di lingkungan yang tidak menguntungkan, menghasilkan biji yang banyak, tingkat perkembangbiakan yang tinggi dan kemampuan dalam penyebaran biji. Pertumbuhan Asteraceae dipengaruhi oleh intenistas cahaya. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk melihat pengaruh intensitas cahaya terhadap tanaman yaitu dengan keberadaan naungan. Karakter Specific Leaf Area (SLA) pada tumbuhan akan memberikan respons terhadap naungan yang akan mempengaruhi fotosintesis dan kandungan nitrogen (N) di tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara naungan dengan respons SLA dan nilai Specific Leaf Area (SLA) dari Synedrella nodiflora, Mikania micrantha dan Tridax procumbens. Penelitian dilakukan di lingkungan Kampus UI, Depok selama 4 bulan dari bulan Februari hingga Juni 2019 dengan metode purposive random sampling. Pengambilan sampel dibagi dalam 7 kompartemen di area terbuka dan tertutup dengan menggunakan kuadrat berukuran 1x1 m. Jumlah plot terbuka dan tertutup yang ditemukan sebanyak 71 plot. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat hubungan yang kuat dan tidak searah antara naungan dengan SLA yang artinya bila intensitas cahaya mengalami kenaikan maka nilai SLA akan menurun atau sebaliknya. Nilai SLA untuk masing-masing spesies memperoleh nilai lebih tinggi di plot tertutup dibanding plot terbuka.

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The Asteraceae family has the highest species, 162 species included in the invasive category because they have special characteristics such as growing in an unfavorable environment, producing many seeds, high breeding rates and the ability to distribute seeds. Asteraceae growth is affected by light intensity. One way that can be used to see the intensity of light on plants is to use shade. Specific Leaf Area (SLA) characters in plants will respond to shade that will affect photosynthesis and nitrogen (N) content in the soil. This study aimed to study the correlation between shade and SLA response and the value of Specific Leaf Area (SLA) from Synedrella nodiflora, Mikania micrantha and Tridax procumbens. The research was conducted at campus UI, Depok for 4 months from February to June 2019 with a purposive random sampling method. Sampling is divided into 7 compartments in the open and closed area with a square of 1x1 m. The number of open and closed plots found was 71 plots. Based on the results of the study, there is a strong and unidirectional relationship between shade and SLA which means that if the light intensity increases then the SLA value will decrease or vice versa. SLA values for each species scored higher in closed plots than in open plots."

"Penelitian jumlah kromosom Asteraceae di lingkungan Kampus Universitas Indonesia (UI) Depok telah dilakukan sebelumnya pada tahun 2013. Dilaporkan bahwa jumlah kromosom 8 dari 21 spesies Asteraceae yang ada di lingkungan tersebut telah berhasil dihitung, dan 5 di antaranya memiliki variasi jumlah kromosom. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melengkapi data jumlah kromosom Asteraceae yang ada di lingkungan Kampus UI Depok. Telah dilakukan penghitungan jumlah kromosom ujung akar Porophyllum ruderale, Youngia japonica, Cosmos caudatus, Synedrella nodiflora, Ageratum conyzoides, Cyanthillium cinereum, dan Chromolaena odorata pada bulan April hingga Juni 2015. Jumlah kromosom 5 spesies Asteraceae yang berhasil ditentukan adalah Cosmos caudatus (2n=ca.22, 2n=ca.26, 2n=ca.32, 2n=ca.36, 2n=ca.38, 2n=ca.40, dan 2n=ca.44), Synedrella nodiflora (2n=ca.18, 2n=ca.26, 2n=ca.29, 2n=ca.34, 2n=ca.36, 2n=37, 2n=39, dan 2n=40), Ageratum conyzoides (2n=37 dan 2n=ca.42), Cyanthillium cinereum (2n=9, 2n=16, dan 2n=18), dan Chromolaena odorata (2n=ca.40, 2n=ca.44, 2n=57, dan 2n=60). Cosmos caudatus, Synedrella nodiflora, Cyanthillium cinereum, dan Chromolaena odorata bersifat mixoploid. Mixoploidi tidak dapat ditentukan pada spesies Ageratum conyzoides.

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Study of chromosome number of Asteraceae at Universitas Indonesia (UI) Campus Depok has been conducted previously in 2013. Result has been reported on chromosome numbers of 8 from 21 Asteraceae species at Universitas Indonesia, and 5 of them have variation in chromosome number. This study was addressed to complete chromosome number data of Asteraceae at Universitas Indonesia Campus Depok. Root tips chromosome counting of Porophyllum ruderale, Youngia japonica, Cosmos caudatus, Synedrella nodiflora, Ageratum conyzoides, Cyanthillium cinereum, dan Chromolaena odorata has been done from April to June 2015. Result shows that 5 species chromosome numbers are Cosmos caudatus (2n=ca.22, 2n=ca.26, 2n=ca.32, 2n=ca.36, 2n=ca.38, 2n=ca.40, and 2n=ca.44), Synedrella nodiflora (2n=ca.18, 2n=ca.26, 2n=ca.29, 2n=ca.34, 2n=ca.36, 2n=37, 2n=39, and 2n=40), Ageratum conyzoides (2n=37 and 2n=ca.42), Cyanthillium cinereum (2n=9, 2n=16, and 2n=18), and Chromolaena odorata (2n=ca.40, 2n=ca.44, 2n=57, and 2n=60). Cosmos caudatus, Synedrella nodiflora, Cyanthillium cinereum, and Chromolaena odorata are mixoploid. Mixoploidy cannot be determined on Ageratum conyzoides."

"Asteraceae adalah famili tumbuhan dengan 1.900 genus dan 32.000 spesies. Asteraceae mudah tumbuh di berbagai habitat seperti tanah lapang, taman, dan sisi jalan raya. Pemetaan jenis Asteraceae di Kampus Universitas Indonesia telah dilakukan oleh Oktarina & Salamah (2017:243), dan morfologi polen beberapa Asteraceae di lingkungan kampus juga telah diteliti (Salamah dkk. 2019:154). Sementara itu, struktur komunitas beberapa Asteraceae di kampus sudah dikaji oleh Agassi (2017), tetapi viabilitas polen Asteraceae di lingkungan Kampus Universitas Indonesia belum diteliti. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi viabilitas polen beberapa spesies Asteraceae di Kampus Universitas Indonesia. Delapan spesies Asteraceae dari 6 tribes diamati melalui metode in vitro dengan tiga tipe medium dan pewarnaan menggunakan pewarna safranin 2%. Hasil viabilitas metode germinasi in vitro menunjukkan bahwa Synedrella nodiflora, Spaghneticola trilobata, dan Youngia japonica memiliki viabilitas polen tertinggi pada ketiga tipe medium, sementara Tridax procumbens dan Mikania micrantha memiliki viabilitas polen terendah. Selain itu, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada viabilitas polen masing-masing spesies dengan ketiga tipe medium, tetapi terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada viabilitas polen masing-masing spesies di setiap medium. Metode pewarnaan menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda dengan metode germinasi in vitro, namun sejalan dengan studi struktur komunitas Asteraceae yang telah dilakukan.

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Asteraceae is a diverse plant family comprising 1,900 genera and 32,000 species, welladapted to various habitats, including open fields, gardens, and roadside areas. Mapping of Asteraceae species on the University of Indonesia campus has been conducted Oktarina & Salamah (2017:243). Salamah et al. (2019:154) explored the pollen morphology of several Asteraceae species within the same environment. Meanwhile, Agassi (2017) studied the community structure of various Asteraceae species on the campus. Research on the pollen viability of Asteraceae in the same setting has not been explored. This study aim to determine the pollen viability of several Asteraceae species in the University of Indonesia campus environment. The pollen viability of eight Asteraceae species from six tribes was observed using in vitro germination method with three types of medium and staining method with safranin 2%. The results of the in vitro germination method showed that Synedrella nodiflora, Spaghneticola trilobata, and Youngia japonica had the highest pollen viability on all three types of medium, while Tridax procumbens and Mikania micrantha had the lowest pollen viability. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the pollen viability of each species among the three types of medium, but there were significant differences in the pollen viability of each species within each medium. The staining method yielded different results compared to the in vitro germination method, but was consistent with the community structure study of Asteraceae."