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"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas cara menjamin keterandalan sumber pengetahuan testimoni di era teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Perdebatan mengenai cara menjustifikasi testimoni dilatari oleh tradisi epistemologi modern yang tercermin pada argumentasi reduksionisme dan anti-reduksionisme. Reduksionisme merujuk pada tesis bahwa jaminan keyakinan berbasis testimoni mesti dilandaskan pada sumber non-testimoni seperi persepsi inderawi dan penalaran induktif. Sedangkan, anti-reduksionisme menyatakan bahwa keterandalan pengetahuan testimonial dapat dijamin oleh testimoni itu sendiri. Thesis ini berpijak pada prinsip kebenaran yang akan dibagikan oleh pemberi maupun penerima testimonisecara alami karena niat baikyang melekat padanya. Penelitian ini menolak prinsip justifikasi yang dipakai oleh reduksionisme dan anti-reduksionisme. Sebab, prinsip justifikasi tidak menghitung keterlibatan aktif agen epistemik sebagai pemberi dan penerima testimoni serta mengabaikan risiko gullibility dan intellectual irresponsibility pada proses akuisisi dan transmisi testimoni. Berdasarkan problem tersebut, skripsi ini hendak mendemonstrasikan prinsip kebajikan intelektual sebagai upaya teoretis yang lebih baik daripada prinsip justifikasi dalam menjamin keterandalan sumber pengetahuan testimoni.

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ABSTRACTThis undergraduate thesis discusses the problem of testimony rsquo s reliability in the age of infosphere. The early argumentation of the justification of testimony typically traced to two views reductionism and anti reductionism. According to reductionists, to justify testimonial knowledge acquired by the hearer from a speaker, we need to possess non testimonial source of knowledge, such as inductive reasoning or perception. In contrast to reductionism, anti reductionists argue that testimony is a basic source of justification. This research refutes the principle of justification in both reductionism and anti reductionism to answer the problem of reliability in testimony because of two reasons first, the principle of justification fails to see the active roles of a speaker and a hearer in knowledge acquisition, second, the principle of justification ignores the risk of gullibility and intellectual irresponsibility in the process of transmission of testimony. Based on the problems of principle of justification, I will demonstrate how intellectual virtues of virtue epistemology have better approach to warrant the reliability of testimony. "

"Pesatnya perkembangan kegiatan usaha dan industri mengakibatkan banyaknya transaksi bisnis berupa kontrak maupun Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham yang membutuhkan peran dari Notaris, dalam hubungan profesional pemakaian jasa Notaris tersebut masih banyak terdapat pelanggaran, terutama penghadap yang tidak memberikan keterangan dengan benar ataupun dokumen yang tidak lengkap. Oleh karena itu, penulis tertarik untuk menulis tesis dengan permasalahan yaitu 1) kedudukan akta autentik sebagai alat bukti yang sempurna dalam sistem pembuktian apabila ada keterangan palsu yang diberikan para pihak kepada Notaris pada; 2) tanggung jawab Notaris terhadap pembuatan akta berita acara rapat umum pemegang saham yang didasarkan pada keterangan palsu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif. Tipologi penelitian ini adalah deskriptif-analitis dimana menggunakan data sekunder dengan alat pengumpulan data berupa studi literatur. Hasil kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ialah kedudukan kedua akta autentik sebagai alat bukti yang sempurna dalam proses peradilan dengan adanya keterangan palsu yang diberikan menjadikan kedua akta autentik dibawah tangan dan tidak sah yang dikarenakan tidak dipenuhinya syarat yang diatur pada peraturan perundangan-undangan yang mengenai syarat Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham dan syarat peralihan hak atas saham, dan terhadap pembuatan akta autentik yang didasarkan pada keterangan palsu membuat Notaris bertanggung jawab secara perdata dan secara administratif. yang dikarenakan dalam membuat kedua akta Notaris melakukan pelanggaran formal. Saran dari Notaris haruslah memeriksa segala hal yang dibutuhkan untuk membuat akta seperti segala sesuatu kelengkapan dokumen-dokumen dari para penghadap.

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The rapid growth of business and industrial activities has resulted in a large number of business transactions in the form of contracts and General Meeting of Shareholders are requiring the role of a Notary. There are still many violations in the professional relationship with the use of Notary services, especially those who fail to provide correct information or incomplete documents. Therefore, the author is interested in writing a thesis with the problem of is 1) The position of an authentic deed as a perfect evidence in the Indonesia's judicial system if there is a false statement given by the parties to the Notary; 2) Notary's responsibility towards making of notarial report of extraordinary general meeting of shareholders based on false information. The research method used in this study is Normative Juridical. The typology of this research is descriptive-analytical which uses secondary data with data collection tools in the form of literature studies. The conclutions of this study are the position of the two authentic deeds as perfect evidence in the judicial process with the false statements given making the two authentic deeds subordinate and invalid due to the non-fulfillment of the conditions stipulated in the laws and regulations concerning the requirements of the General Meeting of Holders Shares and conditions of transfer of rights to shares, and to the making of authentic deeds based on false information make the Notary adminstratively and civilly liable. which is because in making the two notarial deeds a formal violation. The advice from the Notary must examine everything needed to make the deed, as well as all the documents of the parties facing the documents."

"Analyzing Knowledge Creation and Knowledge Management in Bio Farma, LtdKnowledge is very significant for a success of company. Through the creation of knowledge in either internal process or external process of the company will create value, which raise the grade of company out of basis of assets. Knowledge superiority as intangible has been proved in many cases of prominent company in the world recently.

The success of prominent company is enabled and master in organizing knowledge creation continuously. Creating knowledge of company means the ability of it as a whole. To create a new knowledge, spreading it in the company, and appearing in production, service and system.

It, however, has to be admitted that knowledge creation is not easy in practice. Basically it needs process management which is continuously and dynamically, commonly known as knowledge management. Through implementation in many factors backing up knowledge creation in individual level, community and organization wholly, will create synergic relation between knowledge modal as a foundation and innovation as the result.

Because of the important of knowledge, it has pushed the writer to research how knowledge creation practice, especially in a company characterized by knowledge intensive, the process and the decline of which will be very determined by how good knowledge developed in a company. Moreover, a strong control from the customer to the quality of Biofarma, Ltd. products make the company always to control the quality of product.

The strong control is caused that the product of Biofarma, Ltd. is a company that produces serum and vaccine, production that has big risk to the customers. The success of Biofarma in producing knowledge not only will determine the existence of the company but also will save human s from danger diseases.

This research finds how knowledge management and the activity of knowledge creation well done in the company. Knowledge management, according to Nonaka (2000) is enabling condition or requirement that is provided by knowledge creation. According to .Tarn Hidayat Tjakraatmaja (2002), knowledge management is identically to create learning environment. For the company wanting to increase the quality of knowledge creation, creating learning environment is a must.

This research uses knowledge management approach by Nonaka at. Al (2000) who asks requirement; instill knowledge vision manage a conversation mobilize knowledge activist, crate the right connect, and globalize local knowledge. Whereas for the activity of knowledge creation, this work uses model developed by Tuomi (1999) who divides knowledge into five groups of activities; articulation, accumulation, anticipation, apprehension, and action.

This research finds how knowledge management in Biofarma, Ltd., generally, has been running well. Based on, however, the basis of activity that is researched, the intensity of attention is not equal to the domination or the important of activities in knowledge management.

In knowledge creation, however, is found the weak in the basis that the activity of knowledge creation created more in this internal activity or daily activities. According to the result of the research that external activities must be more dominant in knowledge creation then that of internal.

Research can prove that knowledge creation is very involving with how knowledge managed. Like land for the potential of growing plant, knowledge management is life concession for knowledge creation.

Knowing how knowledge management and knowledge creation in the company will be able to identify the weakness that is still there. And knowing what activities or aspect which is very dominant relating to them will be known in which side knowledge management and knowledge creation must be strengthened. Like in Biofarma, Ltd. the activity that must be strengthened is external activities. Knowledge creation should be many More in community of interaction which pass through the restrictions of into and inter organization.

Xiii + 131 pages + 19 table - 18 pictures + 6 appendixes

Bibliography: 42 books, 13-science research journal (1991-2003), and 6 homepages"

"This is a collection of original contributions from a group of eminent philosophers and philosophers of education, who sketch the implications of advances in contemporary epistemology for education. This book contains new papers on education and social and virtue epistemology contributed by a range of eminent philosophers and philosophers of education. This book reconceives epistemology in the light of notions from social and virtue epistemology. It demonstrates that a reconsideration of epistemology in the light of ideas from social and virtue epistemology will in turn re-invigorate the links between epistemology and education."

"Berdasarkan pelacakan filosofis mengenai arkeologi pengetahuan dari Michel Foucault ada beberapa hal yang dapat ditarik sehubungan dengan masalah penelitian. Pertama, sejarah dalam pengertian arkeologi pengetahuan berjalan sesuai prinsip diskontinuitas yang inti filosofisnya ialah pemutusan terhadap subjek, karena subjektivitas hanya menggiring manusia pada dominasi. Diskontinuitas terdiri atas ambang batas, selaan, retakan, mutasi, dan transformasi.Tugas ahli sejarah justru memperlihatkan berbagai diskontinuitas. Kedua, arkeologi pengetahuan bertujuan mengeksplisitkan episteme. Ketiga, hal terpenting untuk mengetahui cara kerja arkeologi pengetahuan adalah mengkaji regularitas-regularitas diskursif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kritis-reflektif dan interpretatif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, penerapan diskontinuitas dalam studi modernisasi melahirkan apa yang disebut Mansour Faqih sebagai arkeologi pembangunan. Jika modernisasi tidak dikaji dengan arkeologi Foucault, maka orang tidak dapat melihat relasi antara pengetahuan dan kekuasaan negara-negara maju di dalamnya."