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"Career indecision merupakan masalah yang cukup penting bagi kehidupan remaja saat ini. Jika hal ini terus berlanjut, maka remaja cenderung gagal dalam menentukan kariernya di masa depan. CDSE sebagai kapabilitas individu dalam pengambilan keputusan karier di masa depan, sangat dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor yaitu parenting styles (eksternal) dan thinking styles (internal). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh persepsi siswa SMA mengenai parenting styles orang tua yang dimediasi oleh thinking styles terhadap tingkat CDSE ketika membuat keputusan karier. Selain itu juga, penelitian ini akan menganalisis perbedaan gender yang terjadi pada remaja laki-laki dan perempuan, sehingga didapatkan data yang faktual terkait isu gender terhadap CDSE siswa SMA. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah kuantitatif non-eksperimental dengan jenis cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 617 orang siswa yang berasal dari tiga sekolah di Jakarta yang duduk di kelas 11 dan 12. Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale - Short Form (CDSE-SF), Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), Thinking Styles Inventory-Revised II (TSI-R2) menjadi alat ukur dalam penelitian ini. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Simple Mediation Model with Hayes's Model 4 dengan bantuan program SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) 23 ­- PROCESS Macro. Ditemukan bahwa CDSE pada siswa laki-laki secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh parenting styles ayah otoriter dan ibu otoritatif, sedangkan pada siswa perempuan dipengaruhi oleh parenting styles ayah otoritatif dan ibu otoriter, serta secara signifikan juga dipengaruhi oleh thingking styles Tipe I dan Tipe II. Pengujian mediasi menemukan bahwa variabel thinking styles secara signifikan menengahi beberapa hubungan antara parenting styles ayah dan ibu terhadap CDSE. Namun, ada beberapa keterbatasan, di mana implikasi untuk penelitian lebih lanjut diberikan.

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Career indecision has become a considerable issue among adolescents recently. Students would likely fail in determining their future career if this issue continued to occur. Career Decision Self-Efficacy (CDSE) as individual's capability in decision making related to future career was strongly influenced by parenting styles (external factor) and thinking styles (internal factor). This study aims to examine the effects of high school students' perceptions about their parents' parenting styles mediated by the thinking style on CDSE level in making various decisions related to their future career. In this study, the effects of gender between male and female adolescents was also analyzed in order to obtain factual data regarding gender-related issues toward high school students' CDSE level.

This study employed a non-experimental quantitative research using a cross-sectional design. The research subjects covered 617 students from three schools in Jakarta who were currently in their 11^th and 12^th grades. The data of this study were collected using Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale - Short Form (CDSE-SF), Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), Thinking Styles Inventory-Revised II (TSI-R2) as the research instruments. The obtained data were then analyzed using a Simple Mediation Model with Hayes' Model 4 using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) 23 - PROCESS Macro.

The results of the data analysis indicated that male students' CDSE had been significantly influenced by the parenting style applied by authoritarian paternal and authoritative maternal. Meanwhile, the CDSE level of female students was influenced by the parenting styles applied by authoritative paternal and authoritarian maternal, besides it was also significantly influenced by thinking styles Type I and Type II. Based on the results of the mediation testing, thinking styles were found to significantly mediated the relationship between parenting styles applied by paternal and maternal towards CDSE level. However, this study suffered from several limitations that could be improved by future researchers. "

"Pola asuh ayah dan ibu dalam mengasuh anak menjadi salah satu faktor yang berperan penting dalam membangun kesiapan menikah sang anak saat di usia dewasa. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan antara pola asuh ayah dan ibu yang berperan secara signifikan dalam memprediksi kesiapan menikah pada dewasa awal. Sejumlah 483 partisipan berusia 19-29 tahun diuji dengan Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) dan Inventori Kesiapan Menikah untuk melihat nilai persepsi pola asuh orang tua dan kesiapan menikah. Analisis multiple regression menunjukkan bahwa pola asuh ayah otoriter dan permisif serta pola asuh ibu demokratis secara signifikan memprediksi kesiapan menikah dewasa awal. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa semakin cenderung pola asuh otoriter dan permisif pada ayah, semakin rendah tingkat kesiapan menikah pada dewasa awal. Sementara, semakin cenderung pola asuh demokratis pada ibu, semakin tinggi tingkat kesiapan menikah pada dewasa awal.

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Parenting styles from father and mother in growing children up are one of the factors that has an important role to develop marriage readiness when their children be an adult. Therefore, this study aims to determine whether there are differences between parenting styless of father and mother that has a significant role in predicting marriage readiness in early adulthood. 483 participants aged 19-29 years were tested using Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) and Inventori Kesiapan Menikah to see perceived parenting styles and marriage readinessscore. Multiple regression analysis shows that authoritarian and permissive parenting style of father and authoritative parenting style of mother significantly predict readiness for early adulthood. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the more authoritarian and permissive parenting styles of fathers, the lower level of marriage readiness in early adulthood. Meanwhile, the more authoritative parenting style of mother, the higher level of marriage readiness in early adulthood."

"Hubungan antara ayah dan anak dalam keluarga Batak Toba ditandai dengan prinsip patrilineal yang menekankan pentingnya keberhasilan anak laki laki sebagai penerus keturunan Dengan demikian kehadiran ayah menjadi hal yang penting dalam perkembangan anak laki lakinya secara khusus pada perkembangan karir Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kehadiran ayah dengan kematangan karir pada remaja laki laki bersuku Batak Toba yang berusia 14 hingga 19 tahun Father Presence Questionairre FPQ yang disusun oleh Krampe dan Newton 2006 digunakan untuk mengukur kehadiran ayah dan Career Development Inventory CDI yang disusun oleh Sudiarty 2010 digunakan untuk mengukur kematangan karir 125 remaja laki laki bersuku Batak Toba Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kehadiran ayah dengan kematangan karir artinya jika semakin tinggi skor remaja dalam mempersepsi kehadiran ayah secara psikologis maka semakin tinggi skor kematangan karir remaja Penelitian ini dapat menjadi pedoman bagi ayah bersuku Batak Toba dalam mengarahkan karir pada remaja laki laki.

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Relationship between father and son in Batak Toba`s tribe characterized by the patrilineal principles that emphasize the importance of the son as the successful successor to the offspring Therefore the father presence is the important things in career development This research is aimed to find a relationship between father presence and career maturity among male adolescence aged between 14 19 Father Presence Questionnaire FPQ used to measure father presence and Career Development Inventory CDI used to measure career maturity There are 125 Batak Toba male adolescents involved in this study The result of this study showed there was a significant relationship between father presence and career maturity it means if the adolescents get higher score in perceiving the psychological presence of his father the adolescent can get a higher score in career maturity This research is important as guidelines for the Batak Toba`s father in directing career in Batak Toba male adolescence."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai pengaruh tingkat parenting stress terhadap kualitas interaksi ibu-anak pada ibu yang memiliki anak usia toddler dan berasal dari keluarga miskin. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang menggunakan mix method design dalam proses pengumpulan data. Metode kuantitatif dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tingkat parenting stress terhadap kualitas interaksi ibu-anak. Tingkat parenting stress diukur melalui Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) dan kualitas interaksi ibu-anak diukur melalui Parenting Interaction with Children: Checlist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO). Metode kualitatif berupa observasi dan wawancara, dilakukan unuk memperoleh gambaran yang komprehensif mengenai perilku partisipan ibu-anak. Partisipan penelitian ini berjumlah 71 pasang ibu dan anak usia 12 ? 36 bulan yang berasal dari keluarga miskin. Hasil utama penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat parenting stress tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kualitas interaksi ibu-anak (F=0,518, p>0,05, tidak signifikan pada L.o.S 0,05).

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This research was conducted to deript the effect of level of parenting stress towards mother-child interaction quality in mothers with toddler form poverty family. This research used the mixed method design for collecting data. Quantitative method used in order to analized the effext of level of parenting stress towards mother-child interaction quality. Level of parenting stress was measured by Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) and mother-child interaction quality was measured by Parenting Interaction with Children: Checlist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO). Qualitative method executed by observation and interview in order to obtain the comprehensive overview about mother-child behavior. The participants of this research are 71 pairs of mothers and children age 12 ? 36 months who came from poverty families. The main results of this research showed that level of parenting stress did not significantly affect the quality of mother-child interaction (F = 0.518, p>0,05, insignificant at L.o.S 0,05)."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap interaksi ibu - anak usia toddler di keluarga miskin. Dukungan sosial diukur dengan alat ukur Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet, 1988). Interaksi ibu - anak usia toddler diukur dengan Parenting Interaction with Children : Checklist of Observational Linked to Outcomes (Roggman, Cook, Innocenti, Norman & Christiansen, 2013). Partisipan penelitian ini adalah 71 pasang ibu dan anak usia toddler yang tinggal di sekitar Depok dan Jakarta. Sekitar 59% anak toddler berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan 41% perempuan. Uji Multiple Regression digunakan untuk mengukur pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap interaksi ibu - anak. Hasil utama penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat cukup bukti dukungan sosial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap interaksi ibu - anak (F=0.144, N=71, p= 0.706, pada los 0.05).

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This research was conducted to get an overview about the impact of social support on mother - toddler interaction in poverty families. Social support was measured by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet, 1988). And mother - toddler Interaction measured by Parenting Interaction with Children: Checklist of Observational Linked to Outcomes (Roggman, Cook, Innocenti, Norman & Christiansen, 2013). Participants of this study were 71 pairs of mother and toddler who live around Depok and Jakarta. Approximately 59% of toddler sex are male and 41% are female. Multiple Regression Test is used to measure the impact of social support on mother - toddler interaction. The main results of the study shows that there is no sufficient evidence of social support significantly influence mother - toddler interaction (F = 0.144, N = 71, p = 0.706, in Los 0.05)."

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini ingin menguji pengaruh dari gaya pengasuhan ayah, ibu, dan kecerdasan emosi terhadap efikasi diri dalam keputusan karier siswa SMK. Di Indonesia peran orangtua sangat besar terhadap perkembangan anak terkait karier dalam hal ini memilih sekolah. Orangtua cenderung memaksa untuk sekolah di SMK. Hal ini dikarenakan lulusan SMK memiliki kesiapan kerja dan peluang lebih besar untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan. Faktor eksternal yakni gaya pengasuhan ayah dan ibu yang berperan besar terhadap perkembangan karier siswa SMK perlu dilihat bagaimana pengaruhnya terhadap efikasi diri dalam keputusan karier siswa SMK. Sebagai faktor internal, kecerdasan emosi juga berperan terhadap perkembangan karier siswa SMK. Hal ini mendorong untuk melihat lebih jauh bagaimana pengaruh kecerdasan emosi terhadap efikasi diri dalam keputusan karier. Penelitian ini bersifat korelasional dengan partisipan yang terdiri dari 550 siswa SMK di Jakarta dan Depok. Hasil analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh gaya pengasuhan ayah, ibu, kecerdasan emosi terhadap efikasi diri dalam keputusan karier siswa SMK. (F = 17,271, p=0,000, <0,001)

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The purpose of this study is to test the effects of both father and mother parenting style also student's emotional intelligence to l self-efficacy in career decision of vocational students. In Indonesia, parents holds big role in their child's career, by choosing which school should be attended by their child. l Many parents in Indonesia often push their child to attend vocational schools in order to prepare them to workforce, hence l bigger opportunities to get jobs earlier.. The parenting style of both father and mothers is the external factor to their child's self-efficacy in making career decision. Student's emotional intelligence also holds important role on their self-efficacy in making career decision. To test whether external and internal factors have roles in student's self-efficacy, we conducted study to 550 vocational students in Jakarta and Depok. The results of multiple regression analysis regarding the influence of parenting style of both father and mother also emotional intelligence to self-efficacy in making career decision of vocational students. (F = 17,271, p=0,000, <0,001)

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"COVID-19 memberikan tantangan pengasuhan baru bagi ibu bekerja yang memiliki anak usia sekolah dasar. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada rendahnya keyakinan ibu dalam pengasuhan karena ibu merasa bahwa waktu dan tenaga yang dapat dialokasikan dalam pengasuhan tidak maksimal. Rendahnya keyakinan diri ibu dalam pengasuhan sebenarnya dapat diatasi melalui mindful parenting sebagai strategi pengasuhan baru yang fokus pada aspek interpersonal maupun intrapersonal ibu. Akan tetapi, penelitian yang melandasi hal tersebut masih sangat terbatas. Maka, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kontribusi mindful parenting terhadap parenting self-efficacy pada ibu bekerja yang memiliki anak usia sekolah dasar (N=306) menggunakan Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale dan Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index. Uji analisis regresi dengan mengontrol variabel demografis yang berkaitan dengan pengalaman pengasuhan menunjukkan bahwa mindful parenting berkontribusi dalam memprediksi parenting self-efficacy. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk penelitian lanjutan sekaligus menunjukkan bahwa intervensi untuk meningkatkan parenting selfefficacy dapat dilakukan melalui pelatihan implementasi mindful parenting.

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COVID-19 becomes new challenge for working mothers with primary school-age children. This condition has an impact on the mother’s low efficacy in parenting because the time and energy that can be allocated in parenting is limited. Low parenting self-efficacy can actually be overcome through mindful parenting as a new parenting strategy which focus on interpersonal and intrapersonal aspect of mother. However, the research that underlies contribution of mindful parenting toward parenting self-efficacy is still very limited. Thus, this study aims to investigate the contribution of mindful parenting toward parenting self-efficacy in working mothers with primay school-age children (N=306) using Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale and Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index. The multiple linear regression analysis test by controlling demographic variables showed that mindful parenting was contributes to predicting parenting self-efficacy. The result of this study can be used as the basis for further research and show that intervention to increase parenting self-efficacy able to be done through implementation of mindful parenting."

"[ABSTRAKbrTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan antara parenting self-efficacy dengan hardiness sebagai respon dari fenomena meningkatknya jumlah ibu tunggal bekerja dan memiliki kanak-kanak madya di Indonesia, agar bisa membantu menghadapi tekanan perannya dengan baik. Parenting self-efficacy adalah persepsi kemampuan dalam pengasuhan yang dimilikinya untuk secara positif mempengaruhi perilaku dan perkembangan anak (Coleman dan Karraker, 2000), sedangkan hardiness adalah variabel kepribadian yang memberikan kemampuan bagi individu untuk bertahan dalam kondisi yang kurang menguntungkan di dalam hidupnya (Kobasa, Maddi & Kahn, 1982). Penelitian ini dilakukan kepada 78 ibu tunggal bekerja yang memiliki kanak-kanak madya dengan metode kuesioner. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan secara positif antara parenting self-efficacy dengan hardiness (r = + 0.354; p < 0.01, two tails) yang diukur oleh 36 item Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) dan 15 item Dispositional Resilience Scale 15 Revised (DRS-15 R).;The purpose of this study is to see the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness in respond to the phenomenon of the increasing number of single mother in Indonesia, in order to help them face the pressure of their role. Parenting self-efficacy refers to parents' perceptions of their ability to posi-tively influence the behavior and development of their children (Coleman & Karraker, 2000), while hardiness is a personality variable that functions as a resource to resist the negative consequences of adverse conditions (Kobasa, Maddi & Kahn, 1982). This correlational research has been done with 78 sample of working single mothers of middle childhood with a quetionaire method. The result shows that there‟s a positive and significant correlation between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness (r = + 0.354; p < 0.01, two tails) that is measured by 36 items of Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI), and 15 items of Dispositional Resilience Scale 15 Revised (DRS-15 R).;The purpose of this study is to see the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness in respond to the phenomenon of the increasing number of single mother in Indonesia, in order to help them face the pressure of their role. Parenting self-efficacy refers to parents' perceptions of their ability to posi-tively influence the behavior and development of their children (Coleman & Karraker, 2000), while hardiness is a personality variable that functions as a resource to resist the negative consequences of adverse conditions (Kobasa, Maddi & Kahn, 1982). This correlational research has been done with 78 sample of working single mothers of middle childhood with a quetionaire method. The result shows that there‟s a positive and significant correlation between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness (r = + 0.354; p < 0.01, two tails) that is measured by 36 items of Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI), and 15 items of Dispositional Resilience Scale 15 Revised (DRS-15 R)., The purpose of this study is to see the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness in respond to the phenomenon of the increasing number of single mother in Indonesia, in order to help them face the pressure of their role. Parenting self-efficacy refers to parents' perceptions of their ability to posi-tively influence the behavior and development of their children (Coleman & Karraker, 2000), while hardiness is a personality variable that functions as a resource to resist the negative consequences of adverse conditions (Kobasa, Maddi & Kahn, 1982). This correlational research has been done with 78 sample of working single mothers of middle childhood with a quetionaire method. The result shows that there‟s a positive and significant correlation between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness (r = + 0.354; p < 0.01, two tails) that is measured by 36 items of Self-efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI), and 15 items of Dispositional Resilience Scale 15 Revised (DRS-15 R).]"

"Membangun hubungan romantis adalah tugas penting ketika individu memasuki tahap perkembangan dewasa. Tidak heran jika banyak individu dewasa yang mendambakan pernikahan untuk menjalin hubungan romantis jangka panjang dan menghindari perasaan terisolasi. Namun, pernikahan tidak selalu memuaskan sebab disertai dengan konflik dan tantangan yang salah satunya terkait dengan pengasuhan anak. Oleh karena itu, penting memiliki strategi pengasuhan yang tepat guna mengatasi tantangan mengasuh anak serta mempertahankan kepuasan pernikahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara mindful parenting dan kepuasan pernikahan. Partisipan merupakan ibu yang sudah menikah, memiliki anak usia sekolah dasar, dan tidak pernah bercerai. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IMP) untuk mengukur mindful parenting dan Couple Satisfaction Index (CSI) untuk mengukur kepuasan pernikahan. Berdasarkan korelasi Pearson dengan 317 partisipan, ditemukan korelasi positif yang signifikan antara mindful parenting dan kepuasan pernikahan. Artinya, semakin sering ibu menerapkan mindful parenting, semakin tinggi kepuasan pernikahannya. Begitu pula sebaliknya. Hasil penelitian ini memperkaya tinjauan literatur mindful parenting dan kepuasan pernikahan. Selain itu, diharapkan ibu lebih termotivasi melatih penerapan mindful parenting dan intervensi mindful parenting semakin berkembang, khususnya untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pernikahan.

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Developing romantic relationship becomes an important task when an individual enters the adult developmental stage. As a result, adults want to marry in order to establish a long-term romantic relationship and avoid feelings of isolation. However, marriage is not always fulfilling due to the conflicts and challenges that arise as a result of it, one of which is related to child rearing. Therefore, parenting style is critical for overcoming challenges and maintaining marital satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between mindful parenting and marital satisfaction. Participants are married mothers with children in elementary school age who have never been divorced. The Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IMP) is used to assess mindful parenting and Couple Satisfaction Index (CSI) is used to assess marital satisfaction. Pearson correlation with 317 mothers demonstrates a positive and significant correlation between mindful parenting and marital satisfaction. The more often mothers practice mindful parenting, the higher their marital satisfaction and vice versa. The findings of this study can contribute to the existing literature on mindful parenting and marital satisfaction. Furthermore, mothers might be more motivated to practice mindful parenting, as well as mindful parenting interventions might emerge, particularly for increasing marital satisfaction."

"Pengasuhan yang dilakukan oleh orangtua terhadap anak memiliki hubungan dengan pengalaman keterlibatan orangtua di masa lalu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh antara ketiga dimensi persepsi keterlibatan orangtua (ayah dan ibu) yaitu instrumental, ekspresif, dan mentoring/advising terhadap parenting self-efficacy pada orangtua dengan anak usia kanak-kanak madya. Persepsi keterlibatan orangtua merupakan sejauh mana orangtua menunjukkan perilaku yang menandakan bahwa mereka ikut berpartisipasi dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan anak. Parenting self-efficacy merupakan persepsi dalam memandang kemampuannya yang dapat memengaruhi perilaku dan perkembangan anak secara positif. Pada penelitian ini, pengukuran persepsi keterlibatan orangtua menggunakan alat ukur Reported Father Involvement Scales (Finley & Schwartz, 2004) dan Reported Mother Involvement Scales (Finley, Mira, & Schwartz, 2008), sedangkan pengukuran parenting self-efficacy menggunakan alat ukur Self-Efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) (Coleman & Karraker, 2000). Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 302 orangtua dengan anak usia kanak-kanak madya dan berada di rentang usia 25-45 tahun yang diperoleh dengan teknik convenience sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara ketiga dimensi persepsi keterlibatan ayah yang signifikan secara bersama-sama terhadap parenting self-efficacy F(3,298)= 3,959, p<0,01. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara ketiga dimensi persepsi keterlibatan ibu yang signifikan secara bersama-sama terhadap parenting self-efficacy F(3,298)= 2,858, p<0,05. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini yaitu diharapkan orangtua meningkatkan keterlibatannya dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan anak dan memberikan pengasuhan yang positif bagi anak-anak mereka.

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Parenting correlates with how ones parent involve in childhood experience. This research was conducted to determine the influence of the three dimensions of perceived parental involvement (father and mother) that is instrumental, expressive, and mentoring/advising on parenting self-efficacy among parents with middle childhood children. Perceived parental involvement refers to the extent to which parents participate in various aspects of their children?s lives. Parenting self-efficacy is parents perceptions of their ability to positively influence the behavior and development of their children. Perceived parental involvement was measured by Reported Father Involvement Scales (Finley & Schwartz, 2004) and Reported Mother Involvement Scales (Finley, Mira, & Schwartz, 2008), parenting self-efficacy was measured by Self-Efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) (Coleman & Karraker, 2000). Participants in this study were 302 parents aged 25-45 years with middle childhood children are obtained through convenience sampling technique. This research used quantitive method. The results showed that there was a significant influence of three dimensions of perceived father involvement on parenting self-efficacy F(3,298)= 3,959, p<0,01, also there was a significant influences of three dimensions of perceived mother involvement on parenting self-efficacy F(3,298)= 2,858, p<0,05. The implication of this research is parent are expected to increase their involvement in various aspects of their children's lives and provide positive parenting to their children.

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