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"Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) merupakan penyakit terbanyak pada anak dan remaja pada gangguan saluran cerna fungsional dengan subtipe diare, konstipasi, campuran dan unclassified. Mekanisme patofisiologi belum jelas dan memerlukan pembuktian adanya keterlibatan organik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui epidemiologi IBS, peran infestasi Blastocystis hominis dan integritas mukosa usus dalam etiopatogenesis IBS, dampak IBS terhadap kualitas hidup, serta membuat sistem model prediksi IBS pada remaja. Penelitian ini berbasis komunitas dengan pendekatan potong lintang komparatif dua kelompok pada remaja dari enam SMA di Palembang. Kriteria Roma III digunakan untuk menegakkan diagnosis IBS beserta kuesioner untuk menentukan faktor risiko. Secara multistage random sampling dibandingkan 70 subjek IBS dan 70 subjek nonIBS. Dilakukan pencatatan riwayat medis, pemeriksaan fisis, pemeriksaan parasit dan biomarker tinja serta kuesioner IBSQOL. Pemeriksaan tinja segar dengan mikroskop untuk mengetahui infestasi Blastocystis hominis. Pemeriksaan kadar alfa-1 antitripsin dan kalprotektin tinja dengan ELISA untuk melihat adanya gangguan integritas mukosa usus. Dampak IBS terhadap kualitas hidup dinilai dengan kuesioner IBSQOL. Terdapat 454 subjek dengan prevalens IBS 30,2%, terdiri dari subtipe terbanyak yaitu subtipe diare 36,5%, dan yang paling sedikit subtipe konstipasi 18,9%. Uji regresi logistik mendapatkan faktor risiko utama IBS adalah dibully, perempuan, usia 14-16 tahun, riwayat konstipasi, makan tiga jenis kacang, minuman kemasan, dan riwayat diare (kisaran OR 2,86-1,81). Blastocystis hominis ditemukan pada masing-masing grup sebesar 51,4 vs. 28,6%, dengan perbedaan bermakna (p = 0,006). Tidak ada hubungan bermakna untuk kerusakan mukosa (p = 0,734), tetapi bermakna dengan inflamasi usus (p = 0,039). Terbukti IBS secara bermakna menyebabkan rendahnya kualitas hidup (p = 0,001). Didapatkan 2 model prediksi skoring, yaitu model 1 yang dapat diaplikasikan pada layanan kesehatan primer yang bertujuan sebagai uji tapis dengan menilai faktor risiko. Model 2 diperuntukkan sebagai layanan terapi terkait infestasi Blastocystis pada layanan kesehatan tersier. Simpulan, prevalens IBS pada remaja di Palembang tinggi dan memiliki faktor risiko utama dibully, perempuan, usia 14-16 tahun, riwayat konstipasi, makan 3 jenis kacang, minuman kemasan, riwayat diare. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara Blastocystis hominis dan inflamasi usus dengan kejadian IBS pada remaja, serta dampaknya terhadap kualitas hidup membutuhkan penanganan yang komprehensif.

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder and commonly present in children and adolescences, presented as diarrhoea, constipation, mixed or unclassified type. The pathophysiological mechanisms of  IBS are unclear, and still challenging to determine organic disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of IBS, the role of 'Blastocystis hominis' infestation and intestinal mucosal integrity in the etiopathogenesis of IBS, the impact of quality of lifes, and apply a scoring system to predict the occurrence of IBS among adolescences.

A community-based survey with comparative cross sectional approach was done from six high schools in Palembang. Subjects were recruited using the multistage random sampling divided into two groups (70 subjects IBS and 70 subjects nonIBS). The Rome III criteria were used to establish a diagnosis of IBS along with a questionnaire to determine risk factors,  analyzed for association with 'Blastocystis hominis' infestation, intestinal mucosal integrity, and its impact on quality of life. Direct microscopic stool examination to identify single 'Blastocystis' infection was performed, followed by culture in Jones medium, PCR and Sequencing of 18S rRNA to determine 'Blastocystis' subtype. Examination of antitrypsin alpha-1 and fecal calprotectin levels by ELISA was done to determine impaired intestinal mucosal integrity. Impact of IBS on quality of life was done with the IBSQOL questionnaire.

Of the 454 subjects, the prevalence of IBS was 30.2%, consisting of diarrhea subtypes 36.5%, 21.9% mixed, 22.6% Unclassified and 18.9% constipation. The major risk factors for IBS were bullying, girls, ages 14-16 years, history of constipation, eat three kinds of nuts, drink beverages, and history of diarrhea (range OR 2.86-1.81). 'Blastocystis hominis' was detected in each group of 51.4 vs. 28.6% (p = 0.006). There was no significant association for intestinal mucosal permeability (p = 0.734), but it was significant with intestinal inflammation (p = 0.039). Significant impairment of quality of life among IBS adolescences was found (p = 0.001). The IBS prediction score model had 2 models. Model 1 is more applicable in primary health care for sreening IBS based on risk factors. Model 2 only usable for tertiary health care, as management of 'Blastocystis' infestation.

Conclusion, the prevalence IBS among adolescence was high with major risk factors to IBS consisted of bullying, female gender, age between 14-16 years, previous illness of constipation, diet three nuts, drink beverages, previous illness diarrhoea. Significant association with 'Blastocystis hominis' infestation, intestinal inflammation were found, comphrehensive management is needed as for its impact on quality of life."

"Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) merupakan kelainan fungsional saluran cerna berupa rasa nyeri atau tidak nyaman di abdomen yang timbul bersamaan dengan minimal dua dari tiga gejala, yaitu perbaikan keluhan setelah defekasi, perubahan frekuensi defekasi, atau perubahan konsistensi feses. IBS menjadi masalah kesehatan karena tata laksana yang belum optimal sehingga berbagai modalitas terapi dikembangkan, salah satunya akupunktur tanam benang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi kombinasi akupunktur tanam benang dan medikamentosa terhadap gejala dan kualitas hidup penderita IBS. Uji klinis acak tersamar ganda dengan pembanding dilakukan pada 50 penderita IBS yang dialokasikan ke dalam kelompok kombinasi akupunktur tanam benang dan medikamentosa atau kelompok akupunktur sham dan medikamentosa. Skor IBS Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) dan IBS Quality of Life (IBS-QoL) digunakan untuk mengukur keluaran penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna rerata skor IBS-SSS sebesar 71,60 lebih rendah (p = 0,000; 95% IK: - 96,36 sampai -30,15) dan skor IBS-QoL sebesar 13,08 lebih rendah (p = 0,000; 95% IK: -16,92 sampai -9,25) pada kelompok terapi kombinasi akupunktur tanam benang dan medikamentosa dibandingkan dengan kelompok akupunktur sham dan medikamentosa. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah terapi kombinasi akupunktur tanam benang dan medikamentosa lebih efektif mengurangi gejala dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup penderita IBS.

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IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain or discomfort associated with improvement with defecation and/or change of frequency or form of stool. Current medical treatments of IBS patients are still unsatisfying, hence other modalities are continuously being improved such as acupoint-catgut embedment.

The aim of this study was to establish the effect of acupoint-catgut embedment combined with medical treatment on symptoms and quality of life of IBS patients. A double blind randomized controlled trial involved 50 IBS patients randomly allocated into catgut embedding therapy with medication group or medication only group. Catgut embedding therapy was given three times at ST 25 Tianshu, ST 36 Zusanli, and ST 37 Shangjuxu every 10 days. IBS-SSS and IBS-QoL were used to measure the primary outcome.

There was a statistically significant difference between groups at one month; with IBS-SSS and IBS-QoL were 71.60 (p = 0,000; 95% CI: -96,36 to -30,15) and 13.08 point (p = 0,000; 95% CI: -16,92 to -9,25) lower in catgut embedding therapy with medication group. The results suggested that acupoint-catgut embedment combined with medical treatment is more effective than medical treatment in alleviating symptoms and enhancing the quality of life of IBS patients."

"Latar Belakang. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) merupakan nyeri perut berulang pada remaja yang paling banyak terjadi. Irritable bowel syndrome pada remaja akan menimbulkan gangguan yang serius berupa masalah perilakunya. Tujuan. Menganalisis hubungan antara masalah perilaku dengan Irritable bowel syndrome pada remaja di Kota Palembang. Metode. Penelitian ini adalah studi potong lintang. Semua siswa SMA Nurul Iman dilakukan pencatatan meliputi karakteristik umum, pemeriksaan fisik berupa berat badan dan Tinggi badan. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji Rome III (Irritable bowel syndrome) dan PSC-17 (masalah perilaku). Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah analisis bivariat dengan uji chi-square. Hasil. Dari semua siswa SMA Nurul Iman didapatkan 180 subyek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan tidak memenuhi kriteria eksklusi. Prevalens IBS sebanyak 58 subyek (32,2%) yang terdiri dari 22 subyek dengan IBS subtipe konstipasi, 23 subyek dengan IBS subtipe diare dan 13 subyek dengan IBS subtype campuran. Prevalens masalah perilaku sebesar 40,6% yang terdiri dari 28,9% masalah perilaku internalisasi, 2,8% masalah eksternalisasi, 0,6% masalah perilaku perhatian dan 8,4% variasi dari 3 gangguan. Faktor risiko terjadinya IBS antara lain: mengonsumsi daging olahan, teh, makan terburu-buru, serta dibully. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara IBS dengan masalah perilaku (p=0,001). Nilai Odds Ratio yang diberikan sebesar 3,015 (IK95%=1,580-5,754). Simpulan. Remaja yang mengalami IBS akan mengalami masalah perilaku.

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Background. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is the most common recurrent abdominal pain in adolescence, causing serious impairments on behavioral problems. To date, there have no studies on IBS and behavioral problems in Palembang.

Objective. To assess for an association between IBS and behavioral problems in adolescences in Palembang.

Methods. Subjects in this cross-sectional study were adolescences who attended Nurul Iman high school. Their general characteristics, developmental history and physical examination results (including weight and height) were recorded. We administered the Criteria Rome III for IBS and the Pediatric Symptom Checklist 17 (PSC 17) for behavioral problems. Data was analyzed by Chi-square test.

Results. We enrolled 180 adolescences as student in Nurul Iman high school. Prevalences of IBS was 32,2%, consisting of subtype IBS constipation (37,9%), subtype IBS Diarrhea (39,7%), and subtype IBS Mixed (22,4%). The prevalence of behavioral disorders was 40,6%, consisting of internalization (28,9%), externalization (2,8%), attentive problems (0,6%) and various combinations of three problems (8,4%). A significant association was found between IBS and behavioral problems (P=0.001; OR=3.015 95%CI=1.580-5.754).

Conclusion. IBS is significantly associated with behavioral problems."

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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) adalah penyakit yang umum pada anak-anak dan remaja, dan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Telah ditemukan beberapa faktor risiko IBS, antara lain jenis kelamin, status sosioekonomik, dan gaya hidup. Penelitian mengenai prevalensi, faktor risiko, dan pengaruh IBS pada murid sekolah dasar sangatlah terbatas, khususnya di Indonesia, maka dari itu penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko, epidemiologi, dan pengaruh IBS terhadap performa akademik dan tingkat absensi. Penelitian potong lintang ini mengikutsertakan murid sekolah dasar di sebuah sekolah negeri di Jakarta. Orangtua diminta untuk mengisi kuisioner yang berisi karakteristik demografik dan kuisioner Rome III. Kami menggunakan metode total sampling. Subjek dikelompokkan menjadi dua kelompok (dengan IBS dan tanpa IBS), guna dibandingkan. Data di analisa menggunakan Pearson Chi-square, dan Mann-Whitney test. Di antara 154 subjek (86 laki-laki dan 68 perempuan) dengan umur median 9,68 tahun, 13 (8,4%) memiliki IBS. Umur, latar belakang pendidikan orangtua, dan kelas tidak berkaitan secara signifikan terhadap IBS. Jenis kelamin berkaitan secara signifikan terhadap IBS dengan perempuan sebagai faktor risiko yang signifikan. Absen tidak terkait secara signifikan dengan IBS, tetapi terlihat bahwa subjek dengan IBS memiliki nilai yang lebih tinggi sedikit dibandingkan dengan subjek tanpa IBS (P = 0.282).

Kesimpulan: Prevalensi IBS adalah 8,4%. Jenis kelamin adalah satu-satunya faktor risiko yang signifikan, dan tingkat absensi dan performa akademik secara statistik tidak signifikan terkait IBS.

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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder in children and adolescent, that influence their quality of life. Previous studies have shown that there are several risk factors towards IBS, such as gender, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle. Knowledge regarding the prevalence, risk factors, and impact of IBS in primary school students is very limited, especially in Indonesia, thus this study was aimed to explore the risk factors, epidemiology, and impact of IBS towards academic achievement and school absenteeism. This cross-sectional study included primary school students in a public school in Jakarta. Parents were asked to complete the questionnaires which comprise of demographic characteristics and Rome III questionnaire. We used total sampling. Then, the subjects were separated into two groups (those with IBS and those without IBS) in order to compare between the two. Data were analyzed with Pearson Chi-square, and Mann-Whitney test. Among 154 subjects (86 males and 68 females) with median age of 9.68 years, 13 (8.4%) had IBS. Age, parental education, and grade was not significantly associated with IBS. However, gender was a significant factor towards IBS with females as the significant risk factor. Absence was not significantly associated with IBS, but it is shown that those with IBS had slightly higher average score compared to those without IBS (P = 0.282).

Conclusion: Prevalence of IBS among primary school is 8.4. Gender was the only significant factor associated with IBS and that school absenteeism and academic achievement were not significantly associated with IBS.

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"Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. As a result of the lack of specific diagnostic testing and absence of circumscribed biology markers of the disease, its diagnosis is based on a myriad of symptoms. The term irritable bowel syndrome was probably first coined in 1944 by Peters and Bargenf. ln 1849, Cumming described the clinical manifestations of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Irritable bowel syndrome is defined an the basis of the recently modified Rome criteria as the presence of at least l2 weeks (not necessarily consecutive) of abdominal discomfort or pain in the preceding l2 months that cannot be explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities, and that has at least two of the following three features: pain relieved with defecation, an onset associated with a change in the frequency of bowel movements (diarrhea or constipation), or an onset associated with a change inform of stool (loose, watery, or pellet-like). The syndrome can be divided into three subcategories according to the Modmed Rome criteria ll; those with a predominant symptom of diarrhea, constipation, or constipation alternating with diarrhea. There are Several criteria for irritable bowel syndrome, one of which is the Manning criteria applied in many epidemiological and clinical studies to identify irritable bowel syndrome. However, many investigators disagree with this criteria due to a seemingly poor validity in men. In an attempt to bring order to the specialty, consensus-based approach is adopted by a group of international experts, which led to the development ofthe Rome criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (Table l). Extra-intestinal symptoms, including headache, backache, urinary and gynecologic symptoms, and fatigue, are more common in the constipation-predominant subgroup"

"Latar belakang: Sakit perut berulang SPB merupakan penyebab terbanyak dari sakit kronis pada anak. Irritable bowel syndrome IBS merupakan salah satu penyebab terbanyak dari SPB, ditandai oleh nyeri/ rasa tidak nyaman pada perut dan perubahan fungsi saluran cerna. Patofisiologi IBS saat ini banyak dihubungkan dengan gangguan pada mikroflora usus. Belum ada data tentang mikroflora usus pada anak dengan IBS di Indonesia. Tujuan: Mengetahui pola mikroflora saluran cerna pada anak penderita IBS dan anak sehat berusia 13-18 tahun di Indonesia. Metode: Penelitian kasus-kontrol dilakukan pada 22 anak penderita IBS dan 28 kontrol pada anak usia 13-18 tahun di SMP dan SMA di Jakarta Pusat. Diagnosis IBS menggunakan kriteria Rome III. Usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan dicatat saat awal penelitian. Spesimen feses dikumpulkan lalu diperiksa jumlah Bifidobacterium dan Enterobacteriaceae. Hasil: Penderita IBS terbanyak dari perempuan 17/22 dengan median usia 16 tahun. Nilai median Bifidobacterium spp sebesar 138,95 rentang 0,2 ndash;22.735,8 pada kelompok IBS dan 232,5 rentang 1,9 ndash;38.985,6 CFU/gram pada kelompok kontrol. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna Bifidobacterium antara kedua kelompok p=0,493 . Nilai median Enterobacteriaceae sebesar 58,9 rentang 2,5 ndash;9.577,8 CFU/gram pada kelompok IBS dan 85 rentang 12,1 ndash;3.139,4 CFU/gram pada kelompok kontrol. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna Enterobacteriaceae antara kedua kelompok p=0,938. Simpulan: Tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna antara jumlah Bifidobacterium dan Enterobacteriaceae pada kelompok IBS maupun kontrol. Terdapat kecenderungan peningkatan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae pada kelompok IBS dan peningkatan jumlah Bifidobacterium pada kelompok kontrol.

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Background: Recurrent abdominal pain RAP is the most frequent cause of chronic pain in children. Irritable bowel syndrome IBS is one of the most occuring type of RAP, marked with abdominal pain discomfort and changes in bowel movement. The current pathophysiology of IBS is associated with alterations of gut microflora. Currently, there is no data about gut microflora in children with IBS in Indonesia.

Aim: To evaluate gut microflora in healthy children and children with IBS aged 13 18 years old in Indonesia.

Methods: A case control study was conducted to 22 IBS children and 28 healthy subjects aged 13 18 years old at junior high school and senior high school in Central Jakarta. Irritable bowel syndrome diagnosed using Rome III criteria. Age, sex, and level of education were recorded. Stool samples were collected and investigated for Bifidobacterium and Enterobacteriaceae.

Result: Most of the IBS subjects were females 17 22 with a median age 16 years old. The median value of Bifidobacterium spp was 138.95 range 0.2 ndash 22,735.8 for the IBS subjects and 232.5 range 1.9 ndash 38,985.6 CFU gram on healthy subjects with no statistical difference p 0,493 . The median value of Enterobacteriaceae was 58.9 range 2.5 ndash 9,577.8 on IBS subjects and 85 range 12.1 ndash 3,139.4 CFU gram on healthy subjects with no statistical difference p 0,938.

Conclusion: There was no statistical difference for Bifidobacterium and Enterobacteriaceae on either IBS or healthy subjects. There was an increasing tendency of Enterobacteriaceae on IBS subjects and increasing tendency of Bifidobacterium on healthy subjects."

"Latar Belakang: Irritable bowel Syndrome (IBS) adalah penyakit fungsional saluran cerna yang bersifat multifaktorial, melibatkan faktor internal maupun lingkungan yang bervariasi secara geografis maupun budaya. Faktor risiko terhadap IBS, khususnya di daerah yang pernah mengalami bencana berat, belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini menilai prevalensi dan faktor risiko IBS di masyarakat Kota Palu Sulawesi Tengah pascabencana. Tujuan: Mengetahui prevalensi dan faktor risiko IBS di masyarakat Kota Palu, Sulawesi Tengah pascabencana. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan di Kota Palu pada 2023. Data diambil dengan cara survei rumah ke rumah. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang terdiri dari data demografis, diagnosis IBS dengan kriteria Rome IV dan Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Beck’s Depression Index II (BDI-II) untuk menilai gejala gangguan psikologis yang terdiri dari cemas dan depresi, serta SEMI FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE (SFFQ) untuk menilai pola makan dan menentukan nilai konsumsi FODMAP. Hasil: Terdapat 1212 partisipan dalam penelitian ini. Prevalensi IBS di Kota Palu sebesar 0,99%, dengan proporsi subtipe IBS-C, IBS-D, dan IBS-M sebesar 50,00%, 17,67%, 33,33%. Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara jenis kelamin, usia, status ekonomi, topografi, dan pola makan dengan IBS, namun gangguan psikologis berhubungan bermakna secara statistik dengan IBS (p<0,001) dengan PR 29,629 (IK 95% 6,547— 134,081). Simpulan: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pertama tentang prevalensi IBS di masyarakat Kota Palu. Prevalensi IBS di masyarakat Kota Palu sebesar 0,99% dengan proporsi subtipe IBS terbanyak adalah IBS-C diikuti oleh IBS-M dan IBS-D dengan gangguan psikologis merupakan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian IBS.

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Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a multifactorial functional gastrointestinal disease involving internal and environmental factors that vary geographically and culturally. However, risk factors have yet to be widely studied, especially in areas that have experienced severe disasters. This study assessed the prevalence and risk factors of IBS in Palu City, Central Sulawesi post-disaster. Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of IBS in Palu City, Central Sulawesi post-disaster. Methods: This study was held in Palu City in 2023 in cross-sectional design. Data was collected using a door-to-door survey. We extracted demographic data and diagnosed IBS using Rome IV criteria and the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The validated Indonesian version of the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and Beck's Depression Index II (BDI-II) were used to assess psychological disorder severity of anxiety and depression, respectively. We used SEMI FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE (SFFQ) to assess eating patterns and determined FODMAP diet. Results: There were 1212 participants in this study. Prevalence IBS in Palu City was 0.99%, with proportion of IBS-C, IBS-D, and IBS-M subtypes were 50.00%, 17.67%, and 33.33%. There were no significant relationship between sex, age, economic status, topography, and FODMAP diet with IBS, otherwise psychological disorder was significantly associated with IBS (p<0.001) with a PR of 29.629 (CI 95% 6.547— 134.081). Conclusions: This is the first study to assess the prevalence of IBS in the Palu City community. The prevalence of IBS in the Palu City community is 0,99% with the most common IBS subtype is IBS-C, followed by IBS-M then IBS-D, and psychological disorder is an associated factor to IBS."

"ABSTRAKBlastocystis hominis adalah protozoa usus yang banyak ditemukan di manusia dan beberapa hewan. Parasit ini sering ditemui pada survei epidemiologi dengan prevalensi yang cukup tinggi. Di Indonesia penelitian terhadap parasit ini belum banyak dilakukan sehingga penulis melakukan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui subtipe B. hominis dari populasi anak yang terinfeksi B. hominis dengan membandingkan subtipe yang didapat dari kelompok yang bergejala klinis dan yang tidak bergejala klinis. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan melakukan PCR terhadap gen 18 SSU rRNA lalu dilanjutkan dengan penetuan subtipe dengan metode RFLP. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan bahwa infeksi B. hominis sebesar 44, 51 dengan infeksi tertinggi pada anak usia 6-9 tahun 65,2, , subtipe yang didapat pada penelitian ini adalah subtipe 1, subtipe 2 dan subtipe 3 . Subtipe 3 merupakan subtipe yang paling dominan yaitu 72,2 pada kelompok bergejala dan 41,93 pada kelompok tidak bergejala. Selanjutnya subtipe yang cukup banyak ditemukan juga yaitu subtipe 1 yaitu 25 pada kelompok bergejala dan 41,93 pada kelompok tidak bergejala. Subtipe 2 ditemukan dalam jumlah yang kecil yaitu masing-masing 16,12 pada kelompok tidak bergejala, 2,8 pada kelompok bergejala. Kesimpulan subtipe 3 adalah subtipe yang dominan dalam menimbulkan gejala klinis berupa diare, subtipe 1 dan subtipe 3 memiliki proporsi yang sama pada kelompok yang tidak bergejala dan berdasarkan analisa statistik didapatkan bahwa subtipe 3 lebih dominan menimbulkan gejala klinis berupa diare dibandinkan dengan subtipe 1 dan subtipe 2. Kata Kunci : B. hominis, gen 18 SSU rRNA, PCR, RFLP, Subtipe

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ABSTRACTBlastocystis hominis is an intestinal protozoa which are found in humans and animals. These parasites are common with high prevalence in epidemiological surveys. Research on B. hominis has been done in various countries around the world, with different results for the prevalence and diversity of subtypes. In Indonesia, there is a few studies on this parasite therefore prompted the author conduct this research. This study aimed to determine the subtype of B. hominis the children population and comparing the subtypes obtained from the group symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects. The method used in this research was by performing PCR on 18 SSU rRNA gene and then followed RFLP method for subtype identification. . The results show that the prevalence of B. hominis 44,51 , the highest infection occured in children aged 6 9 years 65.2, . Subtypes obtained in this study is ST 1, ST 2 and ST 3, which ST 3 is the most dominant subtype, namely 72.2 in the symptomatic group and 41.93 in the asymptomatic group. In addition, ST 1 is found 25 of symptomatic group and 41.93 of asymptomatic group. ST 2 is found in small quantities, 16.12 and 2,8 in asymptomatic group and symptomatic group respectively. In conclusion, subtype 3 is a predominant subtype that causing the clinical symptoms of diarrhea, followed by subtype 1 and subtype 2. Keywords B. hominis, PCR, RFLP, Subtype, 18 SSU rRNA gene"