Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"ABSTRAKMakalah ini membahas struktur naratif dalam tulisan anak-anak berbahasa Indonesia mengenai pengalaman yang menyenangkan. Pertanyaan di dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1 bagaimana anak-anak menceritakan pengalaman mereka yang menyenangkan dalam bentuk tulisan; dan 2 apa kecenderungan yang ditemukan dalam tulisan mereka? Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguraikan bentuk-bentuk narasi yang digunakan oleh anak-anak usia sekolah 8-11 tahun, siswa kelas 3-5 SD. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data utama penelitian ini berasal dari tulisan tangan anak-anak N=138 yang bersekolah di Bekasi dan Depok. Tulisan ini kemudian disalin kembali dalam bentuk cetak dan dipilah berdasarkan klausa, yang merupakan satuan di dalam wacana. Struktur naratif dianalisis berdasarkan teori Labov dan Waletzky 1967/1997. Berdasarkan analisis struktur naratif, ditemukan struktur naratif tunggal yang lengkap, tunggal tidak lengkap, tunggal kompleks, jamak kohesif tidak lengkap, dan jamak beda komponen. Kami juga menemukan kecenderungan bahwa kompleksitas struktur narasi yang dipilih anak-anak dalam menceritakan pengalaman menyenangkan tidak dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan usia.

---

ABSTRACTThe present paper disscusses structure in Indonesian childrens written narrative on happy experience. Two questions to be addressed are 1 how children tells their happy experience in written form and 2 how the tendency found in their writing The aim of this study is to explain the narrative structure used by school age children 8 11 years old, students grade 3 5 elementary school in Bekasi and Depok. We use qualitative and quantitative method in analysis. The data used in this study are children rsquo s handwritings N 138. The handwritings are copied and sorted into clauses. We apply Labov Waletzkys 1967 1997 theory to identified the components of narrative structure. Based on the components used, we classified childrens narratives into singular complete, singular uncomplete, singular complex, plural cohesive uncomplete, and plural different component. We found that children tends to use complex structure to write narrative on happy experience. We also found that the complexity of narrative structure used by children was not influenced by age difference. "

"As anthropologists become more and more accustomed to counting things and giving numerical statements concerning frequencies of behaviors, traits, andevents, as well as computing expressions of the covariations among these cultural elements, the tasks of recording, storing, and analyzing these data become moreand more complicated. Moreover, because we tend to be holistic in general orientation, we prefer to manipulate rather large numbers of different variables simultaneously. That is, none of us is particularly happy with the examination of individual cultural items, or pairs of items, torn out of the context of broad behavioral patterns to which they are related. Anthropological analysis usually involvesa multivariable strategy. Beyond a certain point the tasks of storing and manipulating these data becomeso enormous that we lose track of our materials, or our inventory and management of the data become overly cumbersome and time consuming. At some point in the growing complexity and perplexity we can save time and energy by turning to electronic computers for assistance."

"Para peneliti mendapati bahwa gugus kata banyak digunakan di berbagai jenis teks pada wacana akademis—cara berpikir dan menggunakan bahasa yang ada di lingkungan akademis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan karakteristik gugus kata dalam bahasa Indonesia wacana akademis tulis dengan mengidentifikasi frekuensi kemunculan, variasi, dan persebaran gugus kata serta menemukan struktur gramatikal dan fungsi wacana gugus kata. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode gabungan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan mengombinasikan pendekatan tergerakkan korpus (corpus-driven-approach) dan pendekatan berbasis korpus (corpus-based approach). Untuk mengidentifikasi gugus kata di dalam korpus digunakan peranti WordSmith 7.0. Korpus penelitian ini terdiri atas 12.505.330 kata (token) yang diambil dari empat jenis teks: skripsi, tesis, disertasi, dan artikel jurnal dengan jumlah keseluruhan 1.800 naskah yang terdiri atas enam displin ilmu dari tiga ranah keilmuan, yaitu filsafat dan hukum (ranah ilmu sosial dan humaniora), kimia dan komputer (ranah ilmu sains dan komputer), serta kedokteran dan keperawatan (ranah ilmu kesehatan). Penelitian ini menemukan 150 gugus kata yang terdiri atas tiga hingga lima kata dengan total frekuensi kemunculan 156.453 kali, misalnya pada penelitian ini, dapat dilihat pada gambar, dan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Selain gugus kata yang khas, penelitian ini juga menemukan 20 gugus kata bersama, yaitu gugus yang muncul secara bersama-sama pada keenam disiplin ilmu. Gugus kata pada umumnya berstruktur taklengkap dan dapat diklasifikasi ke dalam dua kategori utama: gugus frasal dan gugus klausal. Gugus berpola preposisi + frasa nominal merupakan pola yang paling banyak variasinya dan paling tinggi frequensi pemakaiannya, sementara klausa relatif dengan pola yang + frasa verbal pasif + fragmen frasa preposisional adalah yang paling banyak digunakan. Dari segi fungsi wacana, yang paling sering muncul adalah gugus berorientasi penelitian, sedangkan gugus berorientasi partisipan terendah. Subfungsi deskripsi merupakan fungsi yang paling tinggi frekuensi penggunaannya, sedangkan fungsi komparasi adalah yang terendah.

---

Researchers found that lexical bundles are pervasively used in various types of text in academic discourse—the ways of thinking and using language in the academic environment. This study aims to find the characteristics of Indonesian lexical bundles in written academic discourse by identifying the frequency of occurrence, variation and distribution as well as finding the grammatical structure and the discourse function. This research used a mixed-method design by combining corpus-driven and corpus-based approaches. To identify lexical bundles in the corpus, WordSmith 7.0 corpus tool was used. The corpus used in this research consists of 12,505,330 tokens taken from undergraduated thesis, postgraduated thesis, dissertation, and journal article with a total of 1,800 manuscripts. This study found 150 lexical bundles consisting of three to five words with a total occurrence frequency of 156,453, such as pada penelitian ini, dapat dilihat pada gambar, dan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. This study also found 20 shared lexical bundles, namely bundles that appear together in all disciplines. Lexical bundles are generally incomplete structures and can be classified into two main categories: phrasal bundles and clausal bundles. Bundles patterning prepositional + nominal phrase are the most varied and the most frequent in usage, while relative clauses with patterns that + passive verbal phrase + prepositional phrase fragment are the most widely used. In terms of discourse function, research-oriented bundles are the most frequently used, while participant-oriented bundles are the lowest bundles. The description sub-function is the highest frequency in usage, while the comparitive function is the lowest."

"This book about being a woman in relation to the current form of the family under capitalism in North America. The authors are three women whose interest in the family stems out of their own unique and varied experiences. The text is comprised of three autoethnographies that look at the family from radically distinct perspectives. Each section is rooted in the author?s own personal and professional life experience. The book explores multi-cultural family therapy, living inside a divorcing family, the role of child protective services, issues of class and race in a family?s identity, how media and pop psychology shape our view of the family, and what it is to be female in a patriarchal family system. "

""Researchers have long had an interest in dental morphology as a genetic proxy to reconstruct population history. Much interest was fostered by the use of standard plaques and associated descriptions that comprise the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System, developed by Christy G. Turner, II and students. This system has served as the foundation for hundreds of anthropological studies for over 30 years. In recognition of that success, this volume brings together some of the world's leading dental morphologists to expand upon the concepts and methods presented in the popular The Anthropology of Modern Human Teeth (Cambridge University Press, 1997), leading the reader from method to applied research. After a preparatory section on the current knowledge of heritability and gene expression, a series of case studies demonstrate the utility of dental morphological study in both fossil and more recent populations (and individuals), from local to global scales."--Publisher's website."