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"Summary: From a leading expert in Japanese history, this is one of the first full histories of the art and culture of the Samurai warrior. The Samurai emerged as a warrior caste in Medieval Japan and would have a powerful influence on the history and culture of the country from the next 500 years. Clements also looks at the Samurai wars that tore Japan apart in the 17th and 18th centuries and how the caste was finally demolished in the advent of the mechanized world"

"Samurai adalah prajurit berpedang yang telah lama dikenal sebagai salah satu lambang budaya Jepang. Dalam kebijakan shinokosho yang ditetapkan oleh keshogunan Tokugawa, samurai menempati kelas tertinggi pada zaman Edo. Kebijakan tersebut bertahan selama berlangsungnya kekuasaan keshogunan Tokugawa dari tahun 1603 sampai tahun 1867. Artikel ini menjelaskan secara rinci bagaimana segala aspek kehidupan samurai pada zaman Edo sebagai awal era modernisasi Jepang. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dan dilakukan dengan metode studi pustaka dan penelitian sejarah.

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The samurai were the warriors with sword who have been known as one of the epitome of Japanese culture. On shinokosho policy which ruled by the Tokugawa shogunate, samurai took the highest position in Edo period. This policy was occured as long as the authority of Tokugawa shogunate lasted from the year of 1603 to 1867. This article explains in detail how every aspects of samurai's life were, that took time in Edo period as the beginning of Japan's modernization era. This is a qualitative research and conducted with history research methods and literature studies."