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"Pelayanan yang bermutu adalah pelayanan yang efisien, efektif, tepat waktu dan tepat biaya dengan mengedepankan kepuasan serta keselamatan pasien. Puskesmas sebagai fasilitas kesehatan tingkat pertama wajib memberikan pelayanan yang bermutu kepada pasien. Hasil Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat menunjukkan dari setiap dimensi mutu, unsur kecepatan pelayanan menjadi elemen ketidakpuasan paling tinggi. Perlu dilakukan upaya perbaikan waktu pelayanan rawat jalan di UPT Puskesmas Unit II Kecamatan Sumbawa dengan menggunakan metode Lean Six Sigma untuk mengidentifikasi dan meminimalisasi pemborosan. Penelitian ini merupakan operations research untuk memperbaiki pelayanan rawat jalan dengan penerapan metode lean six sigma melalui tahapan mendefinisi (define), mengukur (measure), menganalisa (analyze), memperbaiki (improve), dan mengendalikan (control) pada unit pelayanan rawat jalan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan gambaran terjadinya penumpukan pasien dan lama waktu tunggu pelayanan rawat jalan di loket pendaftaran, ruang poli, ruang konsul dokter dan ruang pelayanan apotek yang merupakan hambatan (bottleneck) dalam proses pelayanan rawat jalan. Persentase value added pelayanan rawat jalan sebelum penerapan lean six sigma adalah sebesar 20,32% dan non value added sebesar 79,68%. Setelah penerapan lean six sigma nilai value added meningkat 33,19% dari sebelumnya menjadi 53.51%, dan non value added menurun 33,19% menjadi 46,49%. Ditemukan adanya delapan jenis pemborosan yang terjadi pada pelayanan rawat jalan, sebagian besar merupakan pemborosan over processing dan waiting. Waste banyak terjadi di ruang loket pendaftaran dan rekam medis serta ruangan konsul dokter. Sumber terjadinya pemborosan berdasarkan hasil analisis fishbone adalah man dikarenakan kurangnya kuantitas dan kualitas tenaga, beban kerja, kedisiplinan terhadap waktu kerja, serta kepatuhan petugas terhadap standar operasional prosedur (SOP). Usulan perbaikan disusun menggunakan lean tools seperti visual management, 5 S, Erorr Profing dan kaizen. Intervensi yang dilakukan untuk memperbaiki lama waktu pelayanan adalah dengan cara melakukan penyederhanaan alur pelayanan rawat jalan, pembagian tugas beberapa tenaga yang diposisikan sebagai tenaga UKP dan tenaga UKM, menerapkan budaya 5 S, perbaikan dokumen berkas rekam medis serta melakukan relokasi penempatan ruangan sesuai standar Permenkes 75 tahun 2014.

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Quality service is an efficient, effective, timely and costly service by prioritizing patient satisfaction and safety. Puskesmas as a first-rate health facility must provide quality services to patients. The results of the Community Satisfaction Index show that from every dimension of quality, the element of speed of service becomes the highest element of dissatisfaction. Efforts need to be made to improve the outpatient service time at Unit II UPT Puskesmas Sumbawa District by using the Lean Six Sigma method to identify and minimize waste. This research is an operations research to improve outpatient services by applying lean six sigma methods through the stages of defining, measuring, analyzing, improving, and controlling the outpatient service unit. The results of the study get a picture of the accumulation of patients and the length of time waiting for outpatient services at the registration counter, poly room, doctors consul room and pharmacy service room which are bottlenecks in the outpatient service process. The percentage of outpatient value added services before the implementation of lean six sigma was 20.32% and non value added was 79.68%. After the application of lean six sigma, the value added value increased 33.19% from the previous to 53.51%, and the non value added decreased 33.19% to 46.49%. It was found that there were eight types of waste that occurred in outpatient services, most of which were wasteful of over processing and waiting. Waste occurs a lot in the registration counters and medical records rooms and doctors office rooms. The source of waste based on the results of fishbone analysis is man due to lack of quantity and quality of labor, workload, discipline to work time, and compliance of officers to standard operating procedures (SOP). Proposed improvements are arranged using lean tools such as visual management, 5S, error profing and kaizen. The intervention to improve the length of service time is by simplifying the flow of outpatient services, the division of tasks of several staff who are positioned as UKP staff and UKM staff, applying the 5S culture, improving the medical record file documents and relocating the room according to the Permenkes 75 standard. year 2014."

"Pelayanan kefarmasian adalah pelayanan langsung dan bertanggung jawab kepada pasien yang berkaitan dengan sediaan farmasi yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan mutu kehidupan pasien yang dilaksanakan oleh Instalasi Farmasi. Salah satu standar mutu di Instalasi Farmasi berdasarkan SPM adalah waktu tunggu pelayanan obat. Standar waktu tunggu pelayanan obat yang ditetapkan oleh RS Hermina Bogor adalah obat jadi ≤10 menit dan obat racik ≤20 menit. Dalam pelaksanaannya, standar tersebut masih belum tercapai. Lean Six Sigma merupakan salah satu metode untuk memperbaiki suatu proses dalam berbagai industri salah satunya rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa waktu tunggu pelayanan obat dengan menggunakan metode Lean Six Sigma di Instalasi Farmasi rawat jalan RS Hermina Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan kerangka kerja DMAIC. Analisis dilakukan dengan sampel 30 resep obat jadi dan 30 resep obat racik. Penelitian dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan observasi waktu tunggu pelayanan resep obat dan secara kualitatif dengan wawancara dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata waktu tunggu pelayanan resep obat jadi 21 menit dengan 37,4% kegiatan value added dan 62,6% kegiatan non value added, serta waktu tunggu pelayanan resep obat racik 48 menit dengan 36,2% kegiatan value added dan 63,8% kegiatan non value added. Dilakukan analisis akar penyebab masalah dan usulan perbaikan. Usulan perbaikan yang diberikn antara lain, perhitungan kebutuhan tenaga di tiap shift, menghitung beban kerja, merevisi kembali minimal stok apotek, dan menerapkan 5S pada area kerja.

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Pharmacy services are direct and responsible services to patients related to pharmaceutical preparations which aim to improve the quality of life of patients carried out by Pharmacy Installation. One of the quality standards in Pharmacy Installation based on SPM is the waiting time for medicine services. The standard waiting time for drug services set by the Hermina Bogor Hospital for the non coction prescription is ≤10 minutes and for the concoction prescription is ≤20 minutes. In its implementation, these standards have not yet been reached. Lean Six Sigma is one method to improve a process in various industries, one of them is a hospital. This study aims to analyze the waiting time for prescription using the Lean Six Sigma method in the Pharmacy Installation Hospital Hermina Bogor. This study uses the DMAIC framework. The analysis was carried out with the non concotion and the concoction prescription each 30 sample. The study was conducted quantitatively by observing the waiting time for prescription and qualitatively by interviewing and reviewing documents. The results showed that the average waiting time for the non concoction is 21 minutes with 37.4% of value added and 62.6% activities for non value added activities, as well as waiting time for the concoction is 48 minutes with 36.2% value added and 63.8% of non value added activities. Analyze the root cause of the problem and the proposed improvements. Proposed improvements include the calculation of labor requirements in each shift, calculating workloads, revising a minimum of the pharmacy stock, and implementing 5S in the work area."

"Indikator Standar Pelayanan Minimal waktu tunggu pelayanan obat pada di depo farmasi rawat jalan RSUD Koja belum mencapai standar. Selisih terbesar antara pencapaian dengan standar terjadi pada pelayanan obat jadi pasien BPJS. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis waktu tunggu pelayanan obat jadi di depo farmasi rawat jalan dengan pendekatan Lean Six Sigma. Jenis penelitian ini adalah operational research dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menyatakan rata-rata waktu tunggu adalah 1 jam 21 menit 48 detik dengan kegiatan value-added sebesar 7,40% dan non- value-added sebesar 92,60%. Kategori waste terbesar ada pada kategori waiting, dan disusul oleh kategori lainnya yaitu motion, defects, overprocessing, human potential, dan inventory. Proses yang menjadi bottleneck adalah proses persiapan obat. Akar penyebab utama pada bottleneck yang dianalisis dengan fishbone adalah kategori man. Usulan perbaikan terdiri dari realisasi perhitungan beban kerja, 5S, standarisasi pekerjaan, visual management, kaizen, perbaikan sistem, counter nomor antrian obat, perluasan ruangan, serta poli cepat dan perubahan layout. Dari usulan perbaikan, didapatkan hasil future state map yang menunjukkan waktu tunggu mengalami penurunan menjadi 49 menit 8 detik dengan value-added sebesar 12,38% dan non-value-added sebesar 87,62%.

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The waiting time for medicine services in outpatient pharmacy RSUD Koja has not reached the standard. The biggest difference between achievement and standard occurs in the service of noncompounding medicine for BPJS patients. This study was conducted to analyze the waiting time of outpatient medicine services using Lean Six Sigma approach. This research is operational research with qualitative and quantitative approaches.

The results of this research that the average of waiting time is 1 hour 21 minutes 48 seconds with 7.40% of value-added and 92.49% of non-value-added. The biggest waste category is waiting, followed by other categories, such as motion, defects, overprocessing, human potential, and inventory. The bottleneck of medicine service is the process of medicine preparation with the root cause of problem using fishbone diagram is man category.

The suggestion for process improvements consist of realization of workload calculations, 5S, standardization of work, visual management, kaizen, software repairs, machine for queue number, room expansion, poli cepat and layout changes. Based on that suggestions, future state map results show that waiting time decreased to 49 minutes 8 seconds with 12.38% of value-added and 87.62% of non-value- added."

"Proses pelayanan pasien rawat jalan di poliklinik spesialis RS Hermina Daan Mogot masih belum optimal, ditunjukan dengan beberapa penyelenggaraan yang belum sesuai dengan peraturan, serta waktu tunggu pasien poli spesialis belum sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditentukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan hasil analisis proses pelayanan pasien rawat jalan di poliklinik spesialis dengan metode lean six sigma. Jenis penelitian ini adalah operational research, dengan desain penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian digambarkan dengan value stream mapping yang memperlihatkan lead time proses pelayanan pasien rawat jalan sebesar 149,66 menit dengan value added 17,87 menit (11,94%) dan non value added 141,54 menit (88,06%). Proses paling lama (bottleneck) yaitu kegiatan menunggu dipanggil masuk ke ruang poli. Waste paling besar yaitu waste waiting sebesar 91,84 menit atau 69,69% dari total waste yang ditemukan. Berdasarkan analisis fishbone diagram diketahui bahwa akar penyebab masalah yang paling banyak berasal dari kategori man. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut diberikan usulan berupa pembuatan standarisasi kerja, perhitungan pola ketenagaan, memaksimalkan ketepatan datang dokter, dan pemberian reward.

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The process of outpatient service at specialist polyclinic RS Hermina Daan Mogot is not optimal enough, indicated by the process is not in accordance with existing regulations, and the waiting time of specialist polyclinic patients is not in accordance with the prescribed standards. The aim of this research is to get an analysis result of outpatient service at specialist polyclinics with lean six sigma method. This type of research is operational research, with quantitative and qualitative research design. The results of this research are described with the value stream mapping that showed lead time of outpatient service process for 149,66 minutes, with value added 17,87 minutes (11,94%) and non value added 141,54 minutes (88,06%). The longest process occurs on waiting to be called into the polyclinic room. The biggest waste is waiting for amount 91,84 minutes or 69,69% of the total waste. Based on fishbone diagram analysis, it is known that the root causes of the problem are mostly from the man category. Based on the analysis, an improvement proposal will be given in the form of work standardization, calculation of workforce patterns, maximize the accuracy of coming doctors and giving rewards."

"Jumlah pasien BPJS yang meningkat mempengaruhi lama waktu pelayanan di Instalasi rawat jalan pasien BPJS Rumah Sakit Hermina Bekasi. Masalah ndash; masalah yang mempengaruhi lama waktu pelayanan rawat jalan dapat diidentifikasi dengan mengetahui seluruh proses bisnis dalam proses pelayanan menggunakan metode Lean Six Sigma. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif dengan tahapan DMAIC Define, Measure, Analize, Improve, dan Control.Hasil penelitian ini mengemukakan bahwa selama proses pelayanan , rata-rata lama proses pelayanan yaitu 200 menit dengan persentasi kegiatan yang bernilai value added sebesar 17 dan kegiatan NVA sebesar 83. Adapun waste terbesar yaitu waiting menunggu dalam perpindahan setiap tahap dalam pelayanan. Penyebab lamanya waktu tunggu antara lain kurangnya ketersediaan SDM, sistem informasi rumah sakit yang belum terintegrasi, serta sarana dan prasarana yang belum memedai.Penelitian ini juga memberikan usulan perbaikan berupa pengajuan sistem informasi terintegrasi untuk proses pendaftaran, melakukan perbaikan lingkungan kerja menggunakan metode 5 S, mengajukan pembuatan SPO untuk dokter, perubahan layout ruangan di depo farmasi, serta memasang jadwal jam pengambilan obat.

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The increasing number of BPJS patients affects the length of service time in the outpatient installation of BPJS at Hermina Bekasi Hospital. Issues affecting the length of outpatient service can be identified by knowing all business processes in the service process using the Lean Six Sigma method. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive design with stages of DMAIC Define, Measure, Analize, Improve, and Control.

The results of this study suggest that during the service process, the average length of service process is 200 minutes with a percentage of valuable activities value added of 17 and NVA activity of 83. The largest waste is waiting in the transfer of each stage in the service. Causes of long waiting time include lack of availability of human resources, hospital information systems that have not been integrated, and facilities and infrastructure that have not been adequate.

The research also proposed improvements in the form of integrated information system application for registration process, improvement of work environment using 5 S method, proposed SPO making for doctors, room layout changes in pharmacy depot, and installing schedule of drug taking hours. Keywords Waiting time outpatient services lean six sigma."

"This research discribes about time service analysis of compounding and non compounding medicines in hermina with lean sigma approach ininstallation of outpatient in hermina depok. Pharmacy time service is the important part of the hospital excellent services and lean six sigma is a methodology of decreasing the waste and variation. Thjs reaserch is a an operational research where the researcher did a direct counting in each process of compounding and non compounding prescriptions. Lean six sigma method which has been used were define, measure, analyze and improve. This reaserch aims to propose a better visual management application, 5s culture, lay out changing and electronic prescription and heijunka prescription as a long term porpuse. Using of lean six sigma method could decrease the waste of non compounding prescription service from 43 procedures to 32 procedures with time allocation from 31 minutes and 51 seconds to 16 minutes 34 seconds. For the compounding prescription could also decrease the procedures, from 32 steps to 46 steps with time allocationfrom 47 minutes and 31 seconds to 25 minutes and 7 seconds."

"Unit farmasi rawat jalan RS XYZ mengalami masalah kekosongan obat, inventory makin besar, kesalahan obat, dan waktu tunggu yang lama. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif menggunakan metode lean six sigma, melalui tahapan mendefinisi, mengukur, menganalisa, memperbaiki, dan mengendalikan. Pada penelitian ditemukan defect berupa obat kosong. Disamping itu, teridentifikasi berbagai aktifitas yang merupakan pemborosan (waste) yang mengakibatkan inefisiensi. Faktor-faktor penyebabnya adalah personal, komunikasi, kebijakan / prosedur, pendidikan dan pelatihan, dan peralatan / sarana. Usulan perbaikannya berupa penerapan kanban inventory, mempersingkat proses, heijunka, mistake proofing, efisiensi SDM, dan 5S. Pada simulasi perbaikan cepat dengan menerapkan Kanban inventory untuk obat fast moving, alat dan bahan habis pakai dijadikan floor stock, serta pemberlakuan formularium, didapatkan perbaikan berupa penurunan kejadian obat kosong dan peningkatan nilai Sigma dari 3.3 ? 3.7 menjadi 3.7 - 4.3. Usulan perbaikan yang dibuat diharapkan dapat meningkatkan mutu dan efisiensi farmasi rawat jalan RS XYZ.

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Outpatient hospital pharmacy units XYZ having problems emptiness drug, increase in inventories, medication errors, and long waiting times. This study is a qualitative study using lean six sigma, through the stages define, measure, analyze, improve, and control. In the study, found defects in the form of empty medicine. Alongside it, identified various activities that constitute waste which resulted in inefficiencies. Contributing factors are personal, communication, policies / procedures, education and training, and equipment / facilities. Proposed improvement is the implementation of kanban inventory, shorten the process, heijunka, mistake proofing, HR efficiency, and 5S. In the simulation using rapid improvement event by applying Kanban inventory for fast moving drugs, devices and consumables moved into floor stock, and implementation of formulary, improvement obtained in the form of decreased incidence of empty medicine and increase the value of Sigma from 3.3 - 3.7 to 3.7 - 4.3. Proposed improvements being made is expected to improve the quality and efficiency of outpatient pharmacy XYZ hospital."

"Waktu tunggu pelayanan resep merupakan salah satu indikator mutu unit pelayanan farmasi rumah sakit. Indikator mutu waktu tunggu pelayanan obat pada tahun 2021-2023 yang tidak mencapai standar menjadi masalah yang harus diselesaikan di RS St. Carolus Summarecon Serpong karena mengakibatkan penurunan kepuasan pasien dan berpotensi menyebabkan kehilangan resep yang tidak ditebus pasien di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian operational research dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Agustus 2024 di unit farmasi rawat jalan dengan jumlah sampel 97 resep obat jadi dan 95 resep obat racikan. Observasi langsung dilakukan dengan metode time motion study, wawancara dengan informan terpilih dan telaah dokumen. Pada kondisi current state, lead time untuk resep obat jadi adalah 17 menit 56 detik, sedangkan lead time untuk resep obat racikan adalah 30 menit 26 detik. Dari hasil identifikasi waste baik pada obat jadi maupun racikan, diperoleh jenis waste yang terbanyak adalah waste waiting. Akar masalah penyebab terjadinya waste diperoleh operator call center yang sibuk dan kendala jaringan saat melakukan konfirmasi penjaminan, scanner barcode alat kesehatan tidak berfungsi optimal, sistem penginputan tindakan medis oleh dokter belum dijalankan, keterbatasan tenaga di farmasi serta bahan obat racikan yang terletak jauh dari tempat peracikan dan tidak ada yang membantu pengambilan bahan obat racikan. Intervensi Lean Six Sigma yang diterapkan menggunakan tools heijunka, standarisasi kerja, 5S dan visual management berhasil menurunkan lead time sebesar 30,8% untuk resep obat jadi dan sebesar 36,4% untuk resep racikan.

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Waiting time for prescription services is one of the quality indicators of a hospital’s pharmacy service. Quality indicators for the waiting time for prescription services in 2021-2023 that did not meet the standards had became a problem that needs to be resolved at RS St. Carolus Summarecon Serpong as it resulted in decreased patient satisfaction and potentially caused the loss of prescriptions that were not redeemed by patients at the hospital. This study used an operational research design with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out in May-August 2024 at the outpatient pharmacy unit with a sample size of 97 finished drug prescriptions and 95 compounded drug presciptions. Direct observation was carried out using the time motion study method, interviews with selected informants and document review. In the current state condition, the lead time for finished drug prescriptions was 17 minutes 56 seconds, while the lead time for compounded drug prescriptions was 30 minutes 26 seconds. From the identification of waste in both finished and compounded drugs, the type of waste that was most abundant was waiting waste. The root causes of waste were identified as busy call center operators and network constraints when confirming insurance, the barcode scanner of the medical equipment not functioning optimally, the system for inputting medical actions by doctors had not being implemented, limitations of personnel in the pharmacy, compounding drug materials located far from the compounding location, and finally no one to assist in taking the compounding drug materials. Lean Six Sigma interventions applied using heijunka tools, work standardization, 5S, and visual management successfully reduced lead time by 30.8% for finished drug prescriptions and for compounded drug prescriptions decreased by 36.4%."

"Rumah sakit perlu menjaga mutu layanan yang diberikan kepada pasien. Waktu tunggu rawat jalan merupakan salah satu indikator mutu yang diukur oleh rumah sakit. Rerata waktu tunggu di Klinik Penyakit Dalam Charitas Hospital Palembang yang mencapai target hanya sebesar 54%. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian operasional eksperimental untuk melihat bagaimana upaya perbaikan dengan penerapan Metode Lean Six Sigma (LSS) dapat mereduksi waktu tunggu pasien rawat jalan. Upaya perbaikan berupa penerapan sistem perjanjian dan simplifikasi alur pasien rawat jalan sesuai future state map dilakukan rumah sakit pada April 2021 sampai dengan Januari 2022. Data waktu tunggu pasien rawat jalan sebelum upaya perbaikan diambil dari sistem informasi dan manajemen rumah sakit (SIMRS) pada Maret 2021, sedangkan data sesudah upaya perbaikan diambil dari Februari sampai Maret 2022, dengan 222 subjek pada masing-masing kelompok. Terdapat reduksi waktu tunggu pasien rawat jalan sesudah upaya perbaikan, yaitu secara keseluruhan subjek sebesar 11% dari 79 menit menjadi 69 menit meskipun tidak bermakna secara statistik (p=0,110). Pada subjek tanpa pemeriksaan penunjang terdapat reduksi waktu tunggu pasien rawat jalan sebesar 16% dari 77 menit menjadi 65 menit (p=0,016), pada subjek dengan pemeriksaan laboratorium dari 151 menit menjadi 124 menit (p=0,176), dan pada subjek dengan pemeriksaan radiologi dari 120 menit menit menjadi 90 menit. Terdapat reduksi waktu tunggu rawat jalan berdasarkan definisi SPM sebesar 29%, yaitu dari 58 menit menjadi 41 menit (p=0,002). Terdapat 26% subjek dengan sistem perjanjian yang datang terlambat. Subjek yang datang terlambat dilakukan relokasi slot, yaitu mengisi slot kosong sesuai antrian pasien yang sudah datang. Apabila dilakukan analisis terhadap subjek yang datang tepat waktu saja, didapatkan adanya reduksi median waktu tunggu pasien rawat jalan sebesar 13%, yaitu dari 79 menit menjadi 69 menit (p=0,014) dan reduksi waktu tunggu rawat jalan berdasarkan SPM sebesar 36%, yaitu dari 58 menit menjadi 37 menit (p=0,000). Khusus pada kelompok pasien dengan pemeriksaan laboratorium, terjadi pengurangan variasi alur cabang dan proporsi pasien yang menjalani alur cabang (p=0,000), serta pengurangan frekuensi kunjungan ke kasir lebih dari satu kali. Rancangan upaya perbaikan yang disusun berdasarkan metode LSS bermanfaat dalam mereduksi waktu tunggu pasien rawat jalan, mengurangi variasi alur cabang di rawat jalan, dan menurunkan defek, dengan komitmen dari pimpinan rumah sakit, dokter, staf, dan pasien. Evaluasi berkala dan perbaikan berkesinambungan perlu dilakukan agar kontinuitas reduksi waktu tunggu pasien rawat jalan dapat berlangsung.

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Hospital should maintain good quality of care for its patients. Outpatient waiting time is a quality indicator measured by hospital. Only 54% of outpatient waiting time in Internal Medicine Clinic of Charitas Hospital Palembang meets the standard. An experimental study was conducted to examine how Lean Six Sigma (LSS) Methodology would reduce outpatient waiting time. Improvement project comprised of appointment system and outpatient flow simplification was conducted from April 2021 to January 2022. Pre-implementation data was taken from hospital information system on March 2021 and post- implementation data from February to March 2022, with a sample size of 222 subjects in each group. There was an 11% reduction in overall median outpatient waiting time i.e, from 79 minutes to 69 minutes eventhough statistically insignificant (p=0.110), with 16% reduction from 77 minutes to 65 minutes in subjects without ancillary examination (p=0.016), 18% reduction from 151 minutes to 124 minutes in those with laboratory examination (p=0.176), and 25% reduction from 120 minutes to 90 minutes in those with radiology examination. There was a 29% reduction from 58 minutes to 41 minutes in median outpatient waiting time as defined by government minimal standard of care (p=0.002). As many as 26% subjects with appointment system came late, which were then relocated to the available slots. Comparison was conducted between waiting time before intervention and after intervention in groups of appointment patients who came on-time and resulted in a 13% reduction of median outpatient waiting time from 79 minutes to 69 minutes (p=0,014) as well as a 36% reduction in waiting time as defined by government minimal standard of care from 58 minutes to 36 minutes (p=0,000). In subjects with laboratory examination, there was a reduction in the number of patients undergoing branch lines flow (p=0.000). Improvement project designed using LSS methodology is beneficial in reducing outpatient waiting time, variation in outpatient flow, and defect, especially when supported by commitment of hospital leaders, doctors, staffs, and patients. Regular evaluation and continuous improvement are needed to ensure sustainable reduction of outpatient waiting time."

"Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi alur proses pelayanan dengan menggunakan pendekatan lean six sigma dan memberikan usulan perbaikan di Instalasi Radiologi RS Hermina Tangerang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian operasional (operational research) dengan desain penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif yang didapatkan dari hasil observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan telaah dokumen. Sasaran penelitian adalah pemeriksaan radiologi konvensional sebanyak 31 sampel. Hasil yang didapatkan dari pengukuran value stream mapping (VSM) adalah rata-rata lead time per pasien 2 jam 26 menit 42 detik pada shift pagi siang dan 12 jam 34 menit 53 detik pada shift malam. Bottleneck terletak pada siklus pengolahan ekspertise dikontribusi oleh sebagian besar waste of waiting, yaitu menunggu foto dibaca oleh dokter spesialis radiologi. Akar penyebab masalah adalah tidak ada jam praktek dokter spesialis radiologi pada shift malam hari serta belum diterapkan standarisasi waktu tunggu pelayanan radiologi untuk semua jenis pasien. Usulan perbaikan yang diberikan adalah dilakukannya standardized work, visual management, dan just in time sehingga diestimasikan lead time dapat dikurangi sebesar 26,47% (1 jam 47 menit 52 detik) pada shift pagi dan siang, serta shift malam 49,35% (6 jam 22 menit 28 detik).

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The purpose of this study is to identify the service process flow using lean six sigma approach and giving improvement suggestions in radiology instalation at Hermina Tangerang Hospital. This is a quantitative and qualitaive operational research which the data was collected from observation result, in-depth interview, and document review. Target research of the study was the coventional radiology examinations with 31 samples. The result based on value stream mapping (VSM) measurement showed the average lead time per patient is 2 hours 26 minutes 42 seconds in the day shift and 12 hours 34 minutes 53 seconds in the night shift. The bottleneck is located in the expertise processing cyle which dominantly contributed by waste of waiting by waiting the image to be interpreted by the radiology specialist doctor. The root cause of the problem was the unavailability of the radiology specialist doctor in the night shift and there is no standardization of patients waiting time in the radiology services.  The improvement suggestions are the radiology department needs to apply a standardized work, visual management, and just in time, so that it is estimated that the lead time can be reduced 26,47% (1 hour 47 minutes 52 seconds) in the day shift and 49,35% in the night shift (6 hours 22 minutes 28 seconds)."