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"ABSTRAK Tooth loss is considered a major end point sequela of preventable oral diseases. In Malaysia, tooth mortality is a common oral health problem. Objective: To assess the impact of tooth loss, preferences for tooth replacement, and the relationship between impact of tooth loss and number of missing teeth. Methods: This descriptive crosssectionalsurvey involved 244 patients attending a primary health center and dental clinic at a public university. The respondents completed self administered questionnaires on personal background, tooth replacement status, impact of tooth loss using a 12 item modified Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), and preferencesfor tooth replacement. A dental examination was performed to determine the number of missing teeth. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 56.2 years (standard deviation (SD), 8.1 years). The mean number of missing teeth was 8.3; 62.7% of patients had at least 20 natural teeth. The majority were not wearing a dental prosthesis.The mean GOHAI score was 16.3. Of the patients, 66.0% experienced some food biting difficulty, 59.4% worried about oral health, and 57.8% experienced eating discomfort. Dental implants were the most preferred replacement option (38.9%). The GOHAI scores were not related to the number of missing teeth. Conclusion: Tooth loss anduse of dental prostheses had some impact on quality of life, although the impact was not high. "

"Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence, distribution and association of developmental alteration in tooth number with gender, location, and presence of delayed eruption of tooth among children who attended to Student?s polyclinic of IIUM Kuantan, Malaysia. Methods: A cross sectional study on total 727 Orthopanthomograms (OPGs) of 3-17 years old children from April 2009 to July 2012. OPGs with presence of alteration number were scrutinized to find out the prevalence, distribution and association. The data was analyzed comparing gender, location and presence of delayed eruption and tested using Chi-square test. Results: Out of 727 OPGs, 71 OPGs showed developmental alteration in tooth number. The prevalence was 98/1000 OPGs within 3 years. Among those 71 OPGs, the gender differences were: males (49.3%) and females (50.7%). Locations were found in maxilla (45.1%), mandible (40.8%) and both (14.0%). The finding of delayed eruption was (7.0%). There were significant differences between alteration in tooth number with location as (p < 0.05) while there were no significant differences with gender and delayed eruption as (p > 0.05). Conclusions: This study showed that hyperdontia was considerably lower than hypodontia. There was association between alteration in tooth number with location, but no association with gender and delayed eruption.;"

"As the demand for healthy, attractive teeth increases, the methods and materials employed in restorative dentistry have become progressively more advanced. Non-metallic biomaterials for tooth repair and replacement focuses on the use of biomaterials for a range of applications in tooth repair and, in particular, dental restoration.Part one reviews the structure, modification and repair of dental tissues. The properties of enamel and dentin and their role in adhesive dental restoration are discussed, along with biomineralization and biomimicry of tooth enamel, and enamel matrix proteins (EMPs) for periodontal regeneration. Part two goes on to discuss the processing, bonding and wear properties of dental ceramics, glasses and sol-gel derived bioactive glass ceramics for tooth repair and replacement. Dental composites for tooth repair and replacement are then the focus of part three, including composite adhesive and antibacterial restorative materials for dental applications. The effects of particulate filler systems on the properties and performance of dental polymer composites are considered, along with composite based oral implants, fibre reinforced composites (FRCs) as dental materials and luting cements for dental applications.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Non-metallic biomaterials for tooth repair and replacement provides a clear overview for all those involved in the development and application of these materials, including academic researchers, materials scientists and dental clinicians."

"Kehilangan gigi dan kemampuan mastikasi subjektif pada perempuan pasca menopause. Perempuan menopause mengalami perubahan hormon yang dapat mengakibatkan penurunan densitas tulang yang mempengaruhi hilangnya gigi, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap fungsi mastikasi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan kehilangan gigi dengan kemampuan mastikasi perempuan pasca menopause secara subjektif. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dengan subjek 95 perempuan pasca menopause di Posbindu Lansia Pergeri Depok, Jawa Barat. Subjek menjawab kuesioner dan dilakukan pemeriksaan intra oral. Analisis Chi Square digunakan untuk menghubungkan usia, lama menopause, tingkat pendidikan, kehilangan gigi dan pemakaian gigi tiruan dengan kemampuan mastikasi. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 47% subjekmengalami kehilangan >10 gigi, 27% subjek kehilangan 6-10 gigi dan 26% subjek kehilangan <6 gigi. 76% subjek tidak memakai gigi tiruan. Kemampuan mastikasi memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kehilangan gigi, lama menopause dan usia (p<0,05). Simpulan: Dapat disimpulkan, jumlah gigi hilang, lama menopause, dan usia mempengaruhi kemampuan mastikasi perempuan pasca menopause secara signifikan (p<0,05).

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Post-menopausal women experience physiological hormonal changes that reduce bone density which leads to tooth loss and presumably affect masticatory function. Objective: This study aims to determine association between tooth loss and masticatory ability in post-menopausal women. Methods: Cross sectional study of 95 post-menopausal women at Posbindu Lansia Pergeri Depok, West Java was performed. Subjects answered questionnaires and intra oral examination was performed. Chi square analysis was conducted to relate age, menopausal period, education level, tooth loss and denture use with masticatory ability. Results: 47% subjects lost >10 teeth, 27% subjects lost 6-10 teeth and 26% subjects lost <6 teeth. Seventy-six percent of subjects did not wear dentures. Menopausal period, tooth loss, and age had significant correlation with masticatory ability (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study concludes that masticatory ability in post-menopausal women is significantly affected by length of menopausal period, tooth loss and age (p<0.05)."

"Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence, distribution and association of developmentalalteration in tooth number with gender, location, and presence of delayed eruption of tooth among children whoattended to Student’s polyclinic of IIUM Kuantan, Malaysia. Methods: A cross sectional study on total 727Orthopanthomograms (OPGs) of 3-17 years old children from April 2009 to July 2012. OPGs with presence ofalteration number were scrutinized to find out the prevalence, distribution and association. The data was analyzedcomparing gender, location and presence of delayed eruption and tested using Chi-square test. Results: Out of 727OPGs, 71 OPGs showed developmental alteration in tooth number. The prevalence was 98/1000 OPGs within 3 years.Among those 71 OPGs, the gender differences were: males (49.3%) and females (50.7%). Locations were found inmaxilla (45.1%), mandible (40.8%) and both (14.0%). The finding of delayed eruption was (7.0%). There weresignificant differences between alteration in tooth number with location as (p < 0.05) while there were no significantdifferences with gender and delayed eruption as (p > 0.05). Conclusions: This study showed that hyperdontia wasconsiderably lower than hypodontia. There was association between alteration in tooth number with location, but noassociation with gender and delayed eruption."

"ABSTRAKObjective: Tooth agenesis is a multifactorial condition accompanied by morphological differences. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different patterns of tooth agenesis on tooth dimensions. Methods: Records of children registered at the Department of Pedodontics and had tooth agenesis were reviewed, and those aged between 7 and 18 years of age with no systemic diseases, syndromes, or fluorosis were included in the study; the third molars were excluded. The study sample comprised 82 patients with one to six teeth missing (Group 1; hypodontia), 26 with more than six teeth missing (Group 2; oligodontia), and 31 with no missing teeth (Group 3; control). Mesiodistal widths, buccopalatal/labiolingual depths, and cervicoincisal/cervicoocclusal heights of permanent teeth were measured. Data were analyzed statistically. Results: Majority of the teeth in Group 2 were smaller than those in the other groups. Tooth agenesis was correlated with a dimensional decrease in mesiodistal width. Tooth dimensions were generally smaller in patients with tooth agenesis in both jaws (upper and lower) and regions (anterior and posterior). Conclusion: Decrease in tooth dimensions increased with the increase in the number of missing teeth. Teeth with clinically reduced dimensions or modifications during formation should receive additional attention from clinicians with regard to tooth agenesis."

"Human teeth enamel have been irradiated with gamma radiation from Co60 at room temperature and at liquid nitrogen temperature. Paramagnetic centers are formed and have been detected by using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer at room temperature. The main signal is very stable asymmetric singlet, and attributed to h centers in the hydroxyapatite crystals. It is revealed that several factors influence the amplitude of the asymmetric signal. The amplitude and pattern of the asymmetric signal which depend on the orientation of the sample with respect to the magnetic field are analyzed. Based on the properties of the asymmetric signal the difference between the microcrystal arrangement of healthy and diseased teeth are explained."

"Tujuan: Menganalisis korelasi kehilangan gigi dengan kemampuan mastikasi perempuan pasca menopause. Latar belakang: Pada perempuan menopause terjadi perubahan fisiologis akibat perubahan hormon. Salah satu akibatnya adalah penurunan densitas tulang yang berkontribusi terhadap hilangnya gigi. Fungsi mastikasi dipengaruhi oleh jumlah gigi, namun masih belum jelas bagaimana hubungan fungsi mastikasi yang dinilai secara subyektif dengan kehilangan gigi pada perempuan pasca menopause terutama di Indonesia. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dengan subyek 95 perempuan pasca menopause di Posbindu Lansia Pergeri Depok, Jawa Barat. Subyek menjawab kuesioner kemampuan mastikasi dan dilakukan pemeriksaan intra oral. Analisis Chi Square digunakan untuk menghubungkan usia, lama menopause, tingkat pendidikan, kehilangan gigi dan pemakaian gigi tiruan dengan kemampuan mastikasi. Hasil: Subyek lansia sebanyak 71% dan lama menopause >5 tahun dialami 79% subyek. Tingkat pendidikan terbanyak adalah lulus sekolah menengah (46% subyek). Sebanyak 47% subyek mengalami kehilangan >10 gigi, 27% subyek kehilangan 6-10 gigi dan 26% subyek kehilangan <6 gigi. 76% subyek tidak memakai gigi tiruan. Kemampuan mastikasi memiliki hubungan bermakna (p<0,05) dengan kehilangan gigi (p=0,011), lama menopause (p=0,009) dan usia (p=0,025). Penggunaan gigi tiruan (p=0,611) dan pendidikan (p=0,849) tak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan mastikasi. Kesimpulan: Jumlah gigi hilang, lama menopause, dan usia mempengaruhi kemampuan mastikasi perempuan pasca menopause secara signifikan.

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Objective: To determine association between tooth loss and masticatory ability in post menopausal women.

Background: Hormonal physiological changes in post menopausal women reduce bone density which leads to tooth loss. Masticatory function is affected by the number of teeth, but it is not yet clear how the subjectively perceived masticatory function associates with tooth loss in post menopausal women in Indonesia.

Method: Cross sectional study of 95 post menopausal women at Posbindu Lansia Pergeri Depok, West Java was performed. Subjects answered questionnaires about masticatory ability and intra oral examination was performed. Chi square analysis was conducted to relate age, menopausal period, educational level, tooth loss and denture use with masticatory ability.

Results: There were 71% elderly subjects and 79% subjects have experienced menopausal period ≥5 years. Forty-six percent of subjects were highschool graduates. Forty-seven percent subjects lost >10 teeth, 27% subjects lost 6-10 teeth and 26% subjects lost <6 teeth. Seventy-six percent of subjects did not wear dentures. Menopausal period (p=0.09), tooth loss (p=0.011), and age (p=0.025) had significant correlation with masticatory ability (p<0.05). Educational status (p=0.611) and denture wearing (p=0.849) did not significantly affect masticatory ability.

Conclusion: Masticatory ability in post menopausal women is significantly affected by length of menopausal period, tooth loss and age. "

"Kehilangan gigi dan pemakaian gigi tiruan dapat mempengaruhi asupan makanan seseorang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan kehilangan gigi dan pemakaian gigi tiruan terhadap status nutrisi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode potong lintang pada 129 subjek berusia 34-80 tahun. Subjek diperiksa kehilangan giginya kemudian diwawancara menggunakan kuesioner Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Data dianalisis menggunakan piranti lunak statistik. Hasil uji analisis chi-square menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kehilangan gigi dan status nutrisi (p=0,712) dan antara pemakaian gigi tiruan dan status nutrisi (p=0,252). Ditemukan hubungan bermakna antara usia dan status nutrisi, tingkat pendidikan dan status nutrisi, serta usia dan pemakaian gigi tiruan.

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Teeth loss and denture wearing can affect a person's food intake. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relation of tooth loss and denture wearing on nutritional status. The study was conducted with a cross-sectional method on 129 subjects aged 34-80 years. Subjects had their teeth checked and interviewed using Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire. Data was analyzed using statistical software. The result of chi-square analysis showed no significant relation between tooth loss and nutritional status (p = 0.712) and between denture wearing and nutritional status (p = 0.252). Relation was found between age and nutritional status, educational level and nutritional status, and the age and denture wearing."

"ABSTRACTLatar Belakang: Kehilangan gigi masih menjadi masalah dalam kesehatan gigi dan mulut orang dewasa di Indonesia. Namun, karena kurangnya kesadaran dan faktor sodiodemografi lainnya, biasanya pasien tidak langsung mencari perawatan prostodontik setelah mengalami kehilangan gigi. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan antara status kehilangan gigi berdasarkan jumlah dan lokasinya dengan tingkat kesadaran mengenai perawatan prostodontik. Metode: Studi analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik consecutive sampling pada pasien usia 20 tahun ke atas dengan satu atau lebih gigi yang hilang. Subjek diperiksa untuk mengetahui jumlah dan lokasi gigi hilang dan menjawab kuesioner mengenai kesadaran akan perawatan prostodontik. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan Kruskal-Wallis dan uji Mann Whitney ?=5 . Hasil: Jumlah dan posisi kehilangan gigi memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat kesadaran dengan perawatan prostodontik.

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ABSTRACTBackground Edentulism still represents a significant oral health concern among Indonesian adults. Due to lack of awareness, and other sociodemographic factors, mostly patients do not seek prosthetic treatment immediately after tooth loss. Objective This study was analyzed the relationship between number and position of tooth loss with perception of patient rsquo s awareness about prosthodontic treatment. Methods Analytic observational study with cross sectional design. This study was done using a consecutive sampling on patient age of 20 years and above with one or more missing teeth. Patients were evaluated to determine the number and position of tooth loss and answered questionnaire about awareness of prosthodontic treatment. This research was analyzed with Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney test a 5 . Results The number and position of missing tooth had a relationship with patient rsquo s awareness of prosthodontic treatment."