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"This paper deals with Japanese deverbal nouns and their status in bilingual Japanese dictionaries, and tries to establish a link between linguistic research and applied lexicography. The research question is how deverbal nouns should be treated in bilingual dictionaries. This study reviews linguistic research done on Japanese deverbal nouns in the past decades and tries to make use of them in compiling dictionaries for language learners. In this study, we investigated four Japanese bilingual dictionaries to examine how they treat deverbal nouns and to reveal problems concerning this matter. Based on these observations and linguistic evidence, the present study suggests that deverbal nouns should not be eliminated from bilingual dictionaries and decisions on the way of presenting them in dictionaries should be based on factors such as corpus-based frequency data."

"Perbedaan sistem bahasa kerap kali menimbulkan masalah penerjemahan. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan strategi agar penerjemah dapat menghantarkan informasi dalam suatu bahasa ke bahasa lain dengan baik dan benar. Pada penelitian ini, objek yang dianalisis adalah frasa nominal dengan inti nomina aksi deverbal pada tujuh artikel ilmiah dalam prosiding 50 Jaar Nederlands in Indonesia '50 Tahun Studi Belanda di Indonesia’ yang ditulis oleh penutur asli Belanda dan terjemahannya. Inti dari frasa yang dijadikan data merupakan nomina aksi deverbal bersufiks -ing dan derivasi nol. Dalam penelitian ini, dianalisis pola pemadanan inti frasa juga strategi penerjemahan sintaktis dengan merujuk pada Strategi Penerjemahan Sintaktis Chesterman. Berdasarkan padanan inti frasa nominalnya, ditemukan pola bahwa nomina bersufiks -ing dapat diterjemahkan menjadi nomina bahasa Indonesia berafiks per—an, peng—an, -an, dan nomina tanpa afiks. Strategi penerjemahan sintaktis Chesterman yang ditemukan pada penelitian ini adalah pergeseran struktur frasa (76%), penerjemahan harfiah (10%), transposisi (11%), dan pergeseran unit (3%). Pergeseran struktur frasa sebagai strategi paling banyak dilakukan (75%) karena perbedaan sistem bahasa Belanda dan bahasa Indonesia.

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Differences in languages system often leads to translation problems. Therefore, strategies are needed to help translator deliver information to another language properly. The object analyzed in this study are deverbal noun phrase in seven research papers texts written by native Dutch speakers and its translation which published in the proceeding 50 Jaar Nederlands in Indonesië ’50 Tahun Studi Belanda di Indonesia’. The corpus is noun phrase with deverbal action nouns with -ing suffix and zero derivation as its head. In this research, the equivalence of head of phrase and translation strategy that refer to Chesterman syntactic translation strategies are explained. Based on the head of noun phrase equivalent, it was found that deverbal action nouns with -ing suffix can be translated into Indonesian nouns with per—an, peng—an, -an affixes, and simple noun. Four Chesterman’s syntactic translation was found, namely phrase structure shift (75%), literal translation (11%), transposition (11%), and unit shift (3%). Phrase structure shift dominate (75%) due to differences in the Dutch and Indonesian language systems."

"The present paper focuses on the section in dictionary entries that gives the word class or part of speech of the headword. It first reviews the previous studies done in the field of lexicography on presenting the word class in dictionaries, then focuses on word class in Japanese, and introduces its major issues. This paper also reports a survey done by the authors to investigate the approach taken by existing bilingual dictionaries to deal with the problems of presenting the word class in Japanese dictionaries. This study analyzes the solutions provided by these dictionaries based on the needs of Japanese language learners. Finally, based on the survey, this paper makes concrete suggestions on how a Japanese learners' bilingual dictionary should present information on the word class of its headwords."

"Perkembangan NLP bahasa daerah di Indonesia masih tergolong lambat. Banyak faktor yang melatarbelakangi hal tersebut, seperti dokumentasi bahasa yang buruk, penutur bahasa yang sedikit, dan kurangnya sumber daya untuk mempelajari NLP bahasa daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metode ekstraksi kamus dwibahasa Indonesia dan bahasa daerah yang umum untuk menghasilkan sumber daya NLP. Sistem yang dihasilkan mampu mengolah banyak kamus dwibahasa sekaligus menjadi sumber daya NLP. Kamus terlebih dahulu dikonversi ke dalam bentuk machine readable dan diolah ke bentuk korpus entri sebelum dilakukan ekstraksi. Korpus entri adalah korpus yang mengandung informasi lengkap setiap entri di dalam kamus beserta jenis font, ukuran, dan posisi setiap kata pada entri di dalam kamus dwibahasa. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan memperhatikan pola entri sehingga perlu dilakukan tahap standardisasi entri terlebih dahulu sebelum sumber daya dibentuk. Selain pembentukan sumber daya, dilakukan pula perbaikan ejaan khusus untuk sumber daya korpus paralel. Dalam mengevaluasi hasil ekstraksi, diambil beberapa kamus dwibahasa sebagai sampel. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan memperhatikan ketepatan peletakan setiap komponen entri di dalam hasil ekstraksi. Tim peneliti menemukan bahwa sistem yang dibangun telah berhasil mengekstrak sumber daya NLP berupa leksikon bilingual, kamus morfologi, dan korpus paralel dengan optimal pada 32 kamus dwibahasa Indonesia dan bahasa daerah. Masih terdapat beberapa kekurangan pada sistem yang berhasil dibangun karena proses ekstraksi sangat bergantung dengan ketepatan pendeteksian font sehingga kualitas kamus masih memberikan pengaruh yang besar pada kualitas hasil ekstraksi.

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The development of regional language NLP in Indonesia is still relatively slow. There are several factors behind this, such as poor language documentation, a small number of speakers of the language, and lack of the resources needed to study regional language NLP. This research aims to develop a general extraction method for Indonesian and regional bilingual dictionaries to produce NLP resources. The resulting system is able to process multiple bilingual dictionaries at once into NLP resources. Dictionaries are converted to machine readable form and processed to the form of a corpus of entries in advance before extraction is carried out. A corpus of entries means corpus that contains full information of each entry in the dictionary as well as font style, font size, and the position of each word of the entry in the bilingual dictionary. The extraction process is carried out by observing the entry's pattern resulting in the entry standardization phase having to be done prior before resources are produced. Besides resource production, spell checking is also carried out specifically for parallel corpus resources. In order to evaluate the extraction results, several bilingual dictionaries are taken to be samples. Evaluation process is carried out by observing the accuracy of each entry component’s placement in the extraction results. Research team found that the resulting system has succeeded in extracting NLP resources optimally in the form of bilingual lexicon, morphology, and parallel corpus on 32 Indonesian and regional bilingual dictionaries. There are still some deficiencies in the developed system since the extraction process is highly dependent on the accuracy of font detection such that the qualities of dictionaries still have a big impact on the quality of extraction results."

"Perkembangan NLP bahasa daerah di Indonesia masih tergolong lambat. Banyak faktor yang melatarbelakangi hal tersebut, seperti dokumentasi bahasa yang buruk, penutur bahasa yang sedikit, dan kurangnya sumber daya untuk mempelajari NLP bahasa daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metode ekstraksi kamus dwibahasa Indonesia dan bahasa daerah yang umum untuk menghasilkan sumber daya NLP. Sistem yang dihasilkan mampu mengolah banyak kamus dwibahasa sekaligus menjadi sumber daya NLP. Kamus terlebih dahulu dikonversi ke dalam bentuk machine readable dan diolah ke bentuk korpus entri sebelum dilakukan ekstraksi. Korpus entri adalah korpus yang mengandung informasi lengkap setiap entri di dalam kamus beserta jenis font, ukuran, dan posisi setiap kata pada entri di dalam kamus dwibahasa. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan memperhatikan pola entri sehingga perlu dilakukan tahap standardisasi entri terlebih dahulu sebelum sumber daya dibentuk. Selain pembentukan sumber daya, dilakukan pula perbaikan ejaan khusus untuk sumber daya korpus paralel. Dalam mengevaluasi hasil ekstraksi, diambil beberapa kamus dwibahasa sebagai sampel. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan memperhatikan ketepatan peletakan setiap komponen entri di dalam hasil ekstraksi. Tim peneliti menemukan bahwa sistem yang dibangun telah berhasil mengekstrak sumber daya NLP berupa leksikon bilingual, kamus morfologi, dan korpus paralel dengan optimal pada 32 kamus dwibahasa Indonesia dan bahasa daerah. Masih terdapat beberapa kekurangan pada sistem yang berhasil dibangun karena proses ekstraksi sangat bergantung dengan ketepatan pendeteksian font sehingga kualitas kamus masih memberikan pengaruh yang besar pada kualitas hasil ekstraksi.

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The development of regional language NLP in Indonesia is still relatively slow. There are several factors behind this, such as poor language documentation, a small number of speakers of the language, and lack of the resources needed to study regional language NLP. This research aims to develop a general extraction method for Indonesian and regional bilingual dictionaries to produce NLP resources. The resulting system is able to process multiple bilingual dictionaries at once into NLP resources. Dictionaries are converted to machine readable form and processed to the form of a corpus of entries in advance before extraction is carried out. A corpus of entries means corpus that contains full information of each entry in the dictionary as well as font style, font size, and the position of each word of the entry in the bilingual dictionary. The extraction process is carried out by observing the entry's pattern resulting in the entry standardization phase having to be done prior before resources are produced. Besides resource production, spell checking is also carried out specifically for parallel corpus resources. In order to evaluate the extraction results, several bilingual dictionaries are taken to be samples. Evaluation process is carried out by observing the accuracy of each entry component’s placement in the extraction results. Research team found that the resulting system has succeeded in extracting NLP resources optimally in the form of bilingual lexicon, morphology, and parallel corpus on 32 Indonesian and regional bilingual dictionaries. There are still some deficiencies in the developed system since the extraction process is highly dependent on the accuracy of font detection such that the qualities of dictionaries still have a big impact on the quality of extraction results."

"Perkembangan NLP bahasa daerah di Indonesia masih tergolong lambat. Banyak faktor yang melatarbelakangi hal tersebut, seperti dokumentasi bahasa yang buruk, penutur bahasa yang sedikit, dan kurangnya sumber daya untuk mempelajari NLP bahasa daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metode ekstraksi kamus dwibahasa Indonesia dan bahasa daerah yang umum untuk menghasilkan sumber daya NLP. Sistem yang dihasilkan mampu mengolah banyak kamus dwibahasa sekaligus menjadi sumber daya NLP. Kamus terlebih dahulu dikonversi ke dalam bentuk machine readable dan diolah ke bentuk korpus entri sebelum dilakukan ekstraksi. Korpus entri adalah korpus yang mengandung informasi lengkap setiap entri di dalam kamus beserta jenis font, ukuran, dan posisi setiap kata pada entri di dalam kamus dwibahasa. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan memperhatikan pola entri sehingga perlu dilakukan tahap standardisasi entri terlebih dahulu sebelum sumber daya dibentuk. Selain pembentukan sumber daya, dilakukan pula perbaikan ejaan khusus untuk sumber daya korpus paralel. Dalam mengevaluasi hasil ekstraksi, diambil beberapa kamus dwibahasa sebagai sampel. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan memperhatikan ketepatan peletakan setiap komponen entri di dalam hasil ekstraksi. Tim peneliti menemukan bahwa sistem yang dibangun telah berhasil mengekstrak sumber daya NLP berupa leksikon bilingual, kamus morfologi, dan korpus paralel dengan optimal pada 32 kamus dwibahasa Indonesia dan bahasa daerah. Masih terdapat beberapa kekurangan pada sistem yang berhasil dibangun karena proses ekstraksi sangat bergantung dengan ketepatan pendeteksian font sehingga kualitas kamus masih memberikan pengaruh yang besar pada kualitas hasil ekstraksi.

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The development of regional language NLP in Indonesia is still relatively slow. There are several factors behind this, such as poor language documentation, a small number of speakers of the language, and lack of the resources needed to study regional language NLP. This research aims to develop a general extraction method for Indonesian and regional bilingual dictionaries to produce NLP resources. The resulting system is able to process multiple bilingual dictionaries at once into NLP resources. Dictionaries are converted to machine readable form and processed to the form of a corpus of entries in advance before extraction is carried out. A corpus of entries means corpus that contains full information of each entry in the dictionary as well as font style, font size, and the position of each word of the entry in the bilingual dictionary. The extraction process is carried out by observing the entry's pattern resulting in the entry standardization phase having to be done prior before resources are produced. Besides resource production, spell checking is also carried out specifically for parallel corpus resources. In order to evaluate the extraction results, several bilingual dictionaries are taken to be samples. Evaluation process is carried out by observing the accuracy of each entry component’s placement in the extraction results. Research team found that the resulting system has succeeded in extracting NLP resources optimally in the form of bilingual lexicon, morphology, and parallel corpus on 32 Indonesian and regional bilingual dictionaries. There are still some deficiencies in the developed system since the extraction process is highly dependent on the accuracy of font detection such that the qualities of dictionaries still have a big impact on the quality of extraction results."

"This volume brings together the latest research on the semantics of nouns in both familiar and less well-documented languages, including English, Mandarin Chinese, Russian, the Papuan language Koromu, the Dravidian language Solega, and Pitjantjatjara/​Yankunytjatjara from Australia. Chapters offer systematic and detailed analyses of scores of individual nouns across a range of conceptual domains, including 'people', 'places', and 'living things', with each analysis fully grounded in a unified methodological framework. They not only cover central theoretical issues specific to the analysis of the domain in question, but also empirically investigate the different types of meaning relations that hold between nouns, such as meronymy, hyponymy, taxonomy, and antonymy."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas proses sosialisasi dalam membentuk tingkah laku berkomunikasi remaja haafu Jepang-Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan mengenai pembentukan tingkah laku berkomunikasi remaja haafu Jepang-Indonesia dalam proses sosialisasi mereka dan menganalisis dampak dari kemampuan bilingual tersebut terhadap kehidupan sosial mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan observasi partisipatif kepada 4 orang remaja haafu Jepang-Indonesia di Universitas Indonesia. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa dalam sosialisasi kempat responden terjadi pembelajaran berkomunikasi yang membentuk kemampuan bilingual Jepang-Indonesia dan tingkah laku berkomunikasi bilingual. Selain itu, kemampuan komunikasi yang terbangun akan membangun harga diri remaja haafu Jepang-Indonesia.

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ABSTRACTThis research studies socialization process in the bilingual communication action formation of Japanese-Indonesian haafu adolescents. The purposes of this research are explaining the billingual communication action formation process of Japanese-Indonesian haafu adolescents in their socialization process and analyzing effect of that bilingual competence in their social life. The main data of this study are taken from four Japanese-Indonesian haafu adolescents using interview and participation observation method. Analysis of the data revealed that in the socialization of respondents, communication learning process, which has developed Japanese and Indonesian bilingual competence and formed social actions of bilingual communication, has happened. In addition, in the next step, Japanese and Indonesian bilingual competence built their self-esteem."