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"ABSTRACTThis study was about the performance of researchers in the Ministry of Home Affairs' Research and Development Agency (R & D Unit of the MoHA). This research was motivated by the suboptimal performance of researchers in developing policies in the Ministry of Home Affairs. The purpose of this study was to describe the performance of the researchers and their various efforts on research and development in the Ministry of Home Affairs and Regional Government. This study used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of this study showed that empowerment has a direct effect on innovation and improvement of the researcher's performance. This means that more empowerment will lead to an increase in the performance of MoHA and Regional Government researchers indicated by the increase in R & D innovations produced by the researchers. The Organization Commitment had a direct effect on innovation and improvement of the researcher's performance. This means that a high level of commitment in the organization will lead to an increase in the performance of MoHA and the Regional Government researchers, through the increase in innovations. Innovations had a direct effect on the researcher's performance. This means that a high degree of innovations will lead to an increase in the researchers' performance. Together, the increased empowerment and organizational commitment directly influence the performance of researchers. This means that increasing empowerment and organizational commitment at the same time will improve the researchers' performance. The novelty factor from this study was the theoretical implication that this study strengthens the previous studies, that empowerment directly influenced innovation and enhanced the researchers' performance, the organizational commitment had a direct effect on researcher innovation and improved the researchers' performance, innovations directly influenced the researchers' performance, and that empowerment and the organizational commitment together have a direct effect on the performance of researchers."

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai hubungan antara inovasi, inersia, dan kinerja sekolah swasta di masa pandemi COVID-19. Inovasi merupakan sebuah faktor yang umum dikaitkan dengan peningkatan kinerja organisasi. Namun, penelitian dalam konteks sekolah belum menunjukan hasil yang konklusif, dimana terdapat studi yang mengatakan bahwa hubungan antar keduanya tidak signifikan atau berbanding terbalik satu sama lain. Fenomena ini juga dapat terlihat pada hubungan antara inersia dan kinerja. Pendapat umum mengatakan bahwa inersia merupakan faktor yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan organisasi karena mengganggu proses perubahan yang diperlukan. Sebaliknya, beberapa penelitian lain berargumen bahwa sesungguhnya organisasi yang inert tetap dapat menciptakan perubahan secara kontinyu dan menghasilkan kinerja yang lebih memuaskan dibandingkan pesaingnya. Selain itu, inersia juga dibutuhkan untuk menciptakan hasil yang reliabel dan akuntabel. Faktor-faktor yang diduga dapat memengaruhi inovasi dan inersia adalah manajemen pengetahuan, orientasi kewirausahaan, dan kesiapan organisasi untuk berubah. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif, dengan pengambilan data yang dilakukan secara cross-sectional dan pengolahan data menggunakan metode PLS-SEM. Penelitian melibatkan 110 responden yang merupakan kepala sekolah dari SMP dan SMA Swasta di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa inovasi memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja sekolah, sedangkan inersia memiliki pengaruh negatif namun signifikan. Adapun inovasi merupakan hal yang akan timbul ketika sekolah memiliki kesiapan untuk berubah dan akan terhambat ketika sekolah memiliki tingkat inersia yang tinggi. Kesiapan sekolah untuk berubah dapat ditingkatkan dengan melakukan proses manajemen pengetahuan serta memiliki orientasi kewirausahaan yang mumpuni. Implikasi teoritis dari penelitian adalah bahwa inovasi yang dilakukan oleh sekolah di kondisi yang tidak menentu seperti pandemi akan berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja mereka. Sebaliknya, sekolah dengan tingkat inersia yang tinggi akan mengalami kesulitan dalam menciptakan inovasi serta menghasilkan kinerja yang diharapkan. Kebaruan dari penelitian adalah membahas mengenai faktor-faktor yang berpotensi untuk memengaruhi inersia, dimana hal tersebut dapat dipengaruhi kesiapan organisasi untuk berubah, yang juga memediasi penuh hubungan antara manajemen pengetahuan dan orientasi kewirausahaan dengan inersia.

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This paper aims to explore the correlation between innovation, inertia, and performance of private school in the midst of COVID-19 pandemic. Innovation is a factor that oftentimes related to improvement of organization performance. However, studies in school context found that the correlation between these variables is not always significant, or even inversely proportional. This inconclusiveness could also be explored between inertia and performance. Mainstream opinion stated that inertia is a factor that could hinder performance by inhibit changes needed by the organization. On the other hand, another studies had suggested that inert organizations could create continuous change and produce better result than their competitors. Inertia is also a factor that is needed by organization to maintain reliability and accountability of previous results. Factors that could affect level of innovation and inertia in an organization are knowledge management, entrepreneurial orientation, and organizational change readiness. This is a quantitative research with cross-sectional method. Data were gathered from 110 respondents, all of which are headmaster/headmistress from private middle school in Indonesia. Research shown that innovation has a positive and significant relation to school’s performance, while inertia relation to performance is inversely proportional, although significant. Innovation itself will emerge when school has high level of change readiness and low inertia, while change readiness is affected by knowledge management and entrepreneurial orientation. Theoretical implication from this research is that innovations that school did during unpredictable times like pandemic helped them to achieve desirable result. On the contrary, inertia will hinder school to create innovation and positive performance. Originality of this research lies in the factors that affected inertia, namely organizational change readiness, that will also fully mediated knowledge management and entrepreneurial orientation."