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"Background: Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) is the most commonly used questionnaire and it has a good EMPRO (Evaluating the Measurement of Patient-Reported Outcomes) score. The MLHFQ has been adapted and used by various countries worldwide. However, to be utilized in Indonesia, it needs validity and reliability studies. This study aimed to obtain a valid and reliable Indonesian version of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) so that it can be used in Indonesia.Methods: the present study was a cross sectional study with 85 subjects (mean age 58 (SD 11) years; 55% subjects were male) who had chronic heart failure and was treated at the outpatient clinic of cardiology in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Validity of the MLHFQ was assessed by evaluating the construct validity using multitrait-multimethod analysis and external validity was evaluated by compairing the MLHFQ with the SF-36 questionnaire. Reliability was assessed using Cronbachs and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).Results: the Indonesian version of the MLHFQ had moderate-to-strong correlation between domains and items in questionnaire (r: 0.571-0.748; p<0.01) and it had moderate negative correlation with SF-36 questionnaire (r -0.595; p<0.001). The Cronbach α of Indonesian version of MLHFQ was 0.887; while the ICCs was 0.918.Conclusion: the Indonesian version of MLHFQ has good validity and reliability to asses the quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure in Indonesia.

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Latar belakang: Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) adalah kuesioner yang paling umum digunakan dan memiliki skor EMPRO (Mengevaluasi Pengukuran Hasil Pasien) yang baik. MLHFQ telah diadaptasi dan digunakan oleh berbagai negara di seluruh dunia; Namun, untuk digunakan di Indonesia, diperlukan studi validitas dan reliabilitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan Kuisioner Gagal Jantung Jantung (MLHFQ) versi Indonesia yang valid dan andal sehingga dapat digunakan di Indonesia.

Metode: penelitian ini adalah penelitian cross sectional dengan 85 subjek (usia rerata 58 (SB 11) tahun; 55% subjek adalah laki-laki) yang mengalami gagal jantung kronis dan dirawat di klinik rawat jalan kardiologi di Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta. Validitas MLHFQ dinilai dengan mengevaluasi validitas konstruk menggunakan analisis multitrait-multimethod dan validitas eksternal dievaluasi dengan membandingkan MLHFQ dengan kuesioner SF-36. Keandalan dinilai menggunakan Cronbach’s α dan koefisien korelasi intraclass (ICC).

Hasil: versi bahasa Indonesia dari MLHFQ memiliki korelasi sedang hingga kuat antara domain dan item dalam kuesioner (r: 0,571-0,748; p<0,01) dan memiliki korelasi negatif sedang dengan kuesioner SF-36 (r -0,595; p<0,001). Cronbach α dari MLHFQ versi Indonesia adalah 0,887; sedangkan ICCs adalah 0,918.

Kesimpulan: MLHFQ versi Indonesia memiliki validitas dan reliabilitas yang baik untuk menilai kualitas hidup pasien dengan gagal jantung kronis di Indonesia."

"ABSTRAK Tujuan: mendapatkan kuesioner Minnesota Living with Heart Failure MLHFQ versi bahasa Indonesia yang sahih dan handal untuk digunakan di Indonesia. Metode: studi ini merupakan studi potong lintang dengan 85 subyek rerata usia 58 11, pria 55 pasien gagal jantung kronik di poli kardiologi Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta. Kesahihan diuji dengan menilai kesahihan konstuksi multitrait multimethod analysis dan kesahian eksternal dengan membandingkan dengan kuesioner SF-36. Keandalan dinilai dengan menggunakan cronbach ?, dan intraclass coefficient correlation ICC . Hasil: MLHFQ bahasa Indonesia memiliki korelasi sedang-kuat antara domain dan item pertanyaan r 0,571-0,748, ABSTRACT Aim to obtain a valid and reliable Indonesian version of MLHFQ for Indonesian application. Methods This cross sectional study enroled 85 patients mean age 58 11, male 55 with chronic heart failure of of cardiology clinic Ciptomangunkusumo Central Hospital Jakarta. Validity of MLHFQ was evaluated by measuring construct validity using multitrait multimethod analysis and by compairing MLHFQ with SF 36. Reliability of MLHFQ was evaluated by calculating Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ICC and by calculating cronbach to determine internal consistency Results Indonesian version of MLHFQ has moderated strong correlation item to domain correlation r 0,571 0,748, p"

"Objektif: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik subjek penelitian dan pengaruh latihan aerobik selama delapan minggu terhadap perbaikan kualitas hidup menggunakan kuesioner Minnesota Living with Heart Failure (MLHF). Metode: Penelitian ini adalah studi pre dan post latihan aerobik pada pasien gagal jantung kronik stabil. Subjek penelitian melakukan latihan berjalan tiga kali seminggu dengan intensitas sesuai Rating of Perceived Exertion 12-13, durasi latihan dimulai selama 10 menit dengan penambahan jarak 100-200 meter per sesi latihan berdasarkan toleransi subjek selama delapan minggu dan penilaian kualitas hidup menggunakan kuesioner Minnesota Living with Heart Failure dan uji jalan enam menit sebelum dan sesudah latihan aerobik selama delapan minggu. Hasil: Jumlah subjek penelitian sebesar 20 subjek (15 laki-laki dan 5 perempuan). Subjek penelitian didominasi oleh lanjut usia (10 orang), sudah menikah (16 orang), riwayat pendidikan DIII/S1 (10 orang), status bekerja (11 orang), obesitas tingkat I (7 orang), kelas fungsional NYHA II (19 orang), kondisi penyerta berupa hipertensi (16 orang) dan gaya hidup sedenter (18 orang). Perbandingan skor kuesioner MLHF sebelum dan sesudah latihan aerobik mengalami perbaikan bermakna secara statistik (p < 0.001), dimana skor domain fisik dan domain emosional mengalami perbaikan yang bermakna secara statistik (p < 0,001). Perbandingan delta domain fisik dengan delta domain emosional didapatkan bermakna secara statistik (p < 0,001). Perbandingan uji jalan enam menit sebelum dan sesudah latihan aerobik bermakna secara statistik (p< 0,001). Didapatkan hubungan bermakna secara statistik antara usia (p= 0,009) dan status pernikahan (p= 0,037) terhadap skor MLHF. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbaikan kualitas hidup pada gagal jantung kronik stabil setelah latihan aerobik fase II selama delapan minggu. Terdapat hubungan pada usia dan status pernikahan terhadap skor MLHF.

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Objective: This study aims to determine the characteristics of study subjects and the impact of aerobic exercise over eight weeks on the improvement of quality of life using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure (MLHF) questionnaire. Method: This is a pre and post-aerobic exercise study on stable chronic heart failure patients. Study subjects engaged in walking exercises three times a week with an intensity based on the Rating of Perceived Exertion of 12-13. Exercise duration started at 10 minutes with an addition of 100-200 meters per exercise session based on the subject's tolerance over eight weeks. Assessment of quality of life was conducted using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire and six-minute walking test before and after aerobic exercise for eight weeks. Result: The total number of study subjects was 20 (15 males and 5 females). Study subjects were predominantly elderly (10 individuals), married (16 individuals), with a Diploma/Bachelor education background (10 individuals), employed (11 individuals), categorized as class I obesity (7 individuals), NYHA functional class II (19 individuals), having hypertension comorbidity (16 individuals), and leading a sedentary lifestyle (18 individuals). Comparison of MLHF questionnaire scores before and after aerobic exercise showed a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.001), with significant improvements in both physical and emotional domains (p < 0.001). Comparison of the delta in the physical domain and the emotional domain was also statistically significant (p < 0.001). Comparison of the six-minute walking test before and after aerobic exercise was statistically significant (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant association between age (p= 0.009) and marital status (p= 0.037) with MLHF scores. Conclusion: There was an improvement of quality of life in stable chronic heart failure patients after aerobic exercise in phase II for eight weeks. There was a significant association between age and marital status with MLHF scores."

"ABSTRAK Abstrak :Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) erat dikaitkan dengan penyakitmetabolik seperti hipertensi dan dislipidemia. Pasien dengan OSA juga seringditemukan pada pasien gagal jantung.Obsturctive sleep Apnea dapatmemeperberat gagal jantung.Objektif :Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahuiprevalens dan faktor-faktor yangmemengaruhi kejadian OSA pada pasien gagal jantung kronik di RSUPPersahabatan Jakarta.Metode :Disain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang observasi. Pasien CHF FC I -II berkunjung ke poliklinik jantung dan vaskular RSUP Persahabatan yangmemenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Subjek dilakukan anamnesis,pemeriksaan fisis dan eko kardiografi untuk memastikan diagnosis CHFdandilanjutkan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner Berlin untuk menentukanrisiko tinggi OSA kemudian dilanjutkan pemeriksaan polisomnografi laludilakukan analisis statistik.Hasil :Penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan pada 70 sampel pasien gagaljantung. Dengan menggunakan kuesioner Berlin diperoleh sebanyak 42 pasien(60%) yang ditemukan berisiko tinggi OSA. Dengan menggunakan uji chi squareditemukan bahwa faktor usia (p=0,988), jenis kelamin (p=0,678), IMT (p=0,170),lingkar leher (p=0,605), lingkar perut (p=0,189), tekanan darah (p=0,922),merokok (p=0,678) dan fraksi ejeksi ≦40% (p= 0.109) tidak ditemukan memilikihubungan bermakna dengan risiko OSA pada pasien gagal jantung. Sementarafaktor ukuran tonsil ditemukan memiliki hubungan bermakna (p=0,005). Dari 42orang tersebut dipilih secara acak 26 orang untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan lanjutanpolisomnografi dan didapatkan pasien gagal jantung menderita OSA ringandengan nilai AHI 5 ? 15 sebanyak 7 pasien (26.7%), OSA sedang dengan AHI15-30 sebanyak 9 pasien (34.5%) dan OSA berat dengan AHI>30 sebanyak 10pasien (38.8%).Kesimpulan :prevalens pasien CHF FC I - II yang memiliki risiko tinggi OSAberdasarkan kuesioner Berlin dengan nilai >2 adalah sebanyak 42 orang (60%)dengan faktor risiko ukuran tonsil yang bermakna menyebabkan terjadinya OSApada CHF ABSTRACT Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) commonly associated withmetabolic disease including hypertension and dyslipidemia. Patients with OSA isalso commonly found in conjunction with heart failure condition.Obstructivesleep apnea can cause CHF getting worstObjective:This study aims to acknowledge prevalence of OSA and influencefactors in heart failure patients in Persahabatan HospitalMethods:Thisobservational cross sectionalstudy was being done in 70 sampleschronic heart failure patients who visited in cardio and vascular disease clinic inPersahabatan Hospital with fuctional class I - II who met the inclusion andexclusion criteria. Subjects were asked for history of disease, physicalexamination and echocardiography then underwentBerlins Questionnaire thenfollowed by polysomnography examination to detect the presence of OSA.Results: Observational cross sectionalstudy done in 70 samples chi square testcan be concluded that age (p=0,988), gender (p=0,678), Body Mass Index(p=0,170), neck circumference(p=0,605), abdominal circumference (p=0,189),blood pressure (p=0,922),smoking (p=0,678) and ejection fraction ≦40%(p=0.109),many factors are not significantly related to the risk of OSA in heartfailure patients.Meanwhile, tonsillar size is found to have significantly related toincidence of OSA in heart failure patients (p=0,005). 46 patients who have highrisk of OSA by Berlins questionnaire selected by random to get 26 patients whowill follow polysomnography examination, result for patients CHF with mildOSA AHI 5 -15 are 7 patients (26.7%), moderate OSA with AHI 15 - 30 are 9patients (34.5%) and severe OSA with AHI ≥ 30 are 10 patients (38.8%).Conclusion:The prevalence of CHF FC I - II with high risk OSA that screenedby Berlins Questionnaire in CHF patiens are 43 patients (60%) with tonsillar sizeis found to have significantly related to incidence of OSA.;Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) commonly associated withmetabolic disease including hypertension and dyslipidemia. Patients with OSA isalso commonly found in conjunction with heart failure condition.Obstructivesleep apnea can cause CHF getting worstObjective:This study aims to acknowledge prevalence of OSA and influencefactors in heart failure patients in Persahabatan HospitalMethods:Thisobservational cross sectionalstudy was being done in 70 sampleschronic heart failure patients who visited in cardio and vascular disease clinic inPersahabatan Hospital with fuctional class I - II who met the inclusion andexclusion criteria. Subjects were asked for history of disease, physicalexamination and echocardiography then underwentBerlins Questionnaire thenfollowed by polysomnography examination to detect the presence of OSA.Results: Observational cross sectionalstudy done in 70 samples chi square testcan be concluded that age (p=0,988), gender (p=0,678), Body Mass Index(p=0,170), neck circumference(p=0,605), abdominal circumference (p=0,189),blood pressure (p=0,922),smoking (p=0,678) and ejection fraction ≦40%(p=0.109),many factors are not significantly related to the risk of OSA in heartfailure patients.Meanwhile, tonsillar size is found to have significantly related toincidence of OSA in heart failure patients (p=0,005). 46 patients who have highrisk of OSA by Berlins questionnaire selected by random to get 26 patients whowill follow polysomnography examination, result for patients CHF with mildOSA AHI 5 -15 are 7 patients (26.7%), moderate OSA with AHI 15 - 30 are 9patients (34.5%) and severe OSA with AHI ≥ 30 are 10 patients (38.8%).Conclusion:The prevalence of CHF FC I - II with high risk OSA that screenedby Berlins Questionnaire in CHF patiens are 43 patients (60%) with tonsillar sizeis found to have significantly related to incidence of OSA.;Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) commonly associated withmetabolic disease including hypertension and dyslipidemia. Patients with OSA isalso commonly found in conjunction with heart failure condition.Obstructivesleep apnea can cause CHF getting worstObjective:This study aims to acknowledge prevalence of OSA and influencefactors in heart failure patients in Persahabatan HospitalMethods:Thisobservational cross sectionalstudy was being done in 70 sampleschronic heart failure patients who visited in cardio and vascular disease clinic inPersahabatan Hospital with fuctional class I - II who met the inclusion andexclusion criteria. Subjects were asked for history of disease, physicalexamination and echocardiography then underwentBerlins Questionnaire thenfollowed by polysomnography examination to detect the presence of OSA.Results: Observational cross sectionalstudy done in 70 samples chi square testcan be concluded that age (p=0,988), gender (p=0,678), Body Mass Index(p=0,170), neck circumference(p=0,605), abdominal circumference (p=0,189),blood pressure (p=0,922),smoking (p=0,678) and ejection fraction ≦40%(p=0.109),many factors are not significantly related to the risk of OSA in heartfailure patients.Meanwhile, tonsillar size is found to have significantly related toincidence of OSA in heart failure patients (p=0,005). 46 patients who have highrisk of OSA by Berlins questionnaire selected by random to get 26 patients whowill follow polysomnography examination, result for patients CHF with mildOSA AHI 5 -15 are 7 patients (26.7%), moderate OSA with AHI 15 - 30 are 9patients (34.5%) and severe OSA with AHI ≥ 30 are 10 patients (38.8%).Conclusion:The prevalence of CHF FC I - II with high risk OSA that screenedby Berlins Questionnaire in CHF patiens are 43 patients (60%) with tonsillar sizeis found to have significantly related to incidence of OSA."

"Jumlah penduduk kota yang semakin banyak akan menyebabkan banyak hal salah satunya ancaman dari penyakit tidak menular yang begitu banyak terjadi. Salah satu penyakit menular yang banyak terjadi adalah gagal jantung. Gagal jantung yang merupakan penyakit kronik akan menimbulkan masalah psikologis salah satunya ketidakberdayaan. Penulisan Karya Ilmiah Akhir Ners ini bertujuan untuk memberikan analisis asuhan keperawatan ketidakberdayaan pada klien dengan gagal jantung. Penulis melakukan asuhan keperawatan psikososial khususnya ketidakberdayaan selama tiga hari.Evaluasi hasil implementasi menunjukkan bahwa terjadi sedikit penurunan tanda dan gejala yang terjadi pada klien. Perlu dilakukan kolaborasi intervensi generalis dan spesialis agar didapatkan hasil yang lebih optimal.

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The population of the town that more and more will cause a lot of things one of them the threat of non-communicable diseases. One of non-communicable diseases which are heart failure. Heart failure is a chronic disease that will lead to psychological problems is one of powerlessness. The author conducted a powerlessness psychosocial nursing care for three days. Evaluation of the results of implementation shows that there is a slight decrease in the signs and symptoms that occurred on the client. Need to do interventions collaboration generalists and specialists to get optimal results for patient."

"Pasien heart failure sering mengalami masalah intoleransi aktifitas dan keletihan yang membutuhkan intervensi manajemen energi untuk menghasilkan toleransi aktifitas, ketahanan, konservasi energi, dan self-care activity daily living. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan manajemen energi pasien heart failure. Desain cross sectional, sampel 132 responden, teknik consecutive sampling. Hasil menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan, ansietas, dan dukungan sosial dengan manajemen energi, dan ansietas menjadi faktor dominan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, menurunkan ansietas, dan meningkatkan dukungan sosial pasien heart failure, sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan manajemen energi pasien heart failure.

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Patients with heart failure often experienced activity intolerance and fatique which need energy management intervention in order to gain activity tolerance, endurance, energy conservation, and self-care; activity daily living. This research aims was analyzing the factors dealing with energy management of the patients with heart failure. This research was using cross-sectional design and consecutive sampling technique with 132 respondents.

The finding of this research showed a significant association between knowlege, anxiety, and social support factors with energy management, among these variables anxiety becomes the dominant factor. This study recommends to improve knowledge, reduce anxiety and improve social support of the heart failure patients, which is expected to improve energy management of the heart failure patients."

"Self-care merupakan bagian penting dalam upaya peningkatan kualitas hidup pasien gagal jantung. Self-care adalah pengambilan keputusan secara natural oleh individu dalam berperilaku untuk mempertahankan kestabilan fisiologis tubuhnya dan sebagai respon terhadap tanda dan gejala yang terjadi pada diri individu. Keadekuatan individu dalam melakukan self-care dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor internal maupun eksternal dari individu. Identifikasi faktor tersebut menjadi bagian penting untuk memberikan asuhan keperawatan mengenai self-care yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh dari karakteristik responden, status fungsional, komorbiditas, lama diagnosis, tingkat pengetahuan, tingkat depresi, serta dukungan sosial terhadap self-care. Desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional survey pada 120 responden yang diambil dengan tehnik purposive sampling di Poliklinik Jantung. Penelitian menggunakan kuesioner SCHFI (self-care heart failure index) dalam mengukur self-care responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pekerjaan (p=0,055; CI 95%), pendidikan (p=0,232; CI 95%), dan penghasilan (p=0,027; CI 95%) mempengaruhi self-care individu secara signifikan. Responden yang bekerja, berpendidikan tinggi, dan berpenghasilan lebih dari Rp. 2.000.000 memiliki self-care yang lebih adekuat.

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Adherence to self-care is important for heart failure patients to improve their quality of life. Self-care defined as individual naturalistic decision making process that's patients use in the choice of behaviors that maintain physiological stability and as a respons to underlying sign and symptoms. Understanding the factors that enable or inhibit self-care is essential in developing effective health care interventions.

The Aim of study was to analyze and identified factors (characteristic, functional class, comorbidity, time was diagnosed, knowledge, depression, and social support) influencing self-care. Cross sectional design used in this study to measure 120 outpatients using Self-Care Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) Indonesian version questioner.

The result of the study indicated employe/e patients (p=0,055; CI 95%), have education higher than junior high school (p=0,232; CI 95%), and have income higher than Rp. 2.000.000 (p=0,027; CI 95%) showed more adequate in self-care behaviour. Self-care strategies for HF should targeted for patient with lower education, unemployed, and have an income lower than Rp. 2.000.000 to improve their quality of life."

"ABSTRAKHeart Failure merupakan penyakit jantung kronik yang menimbulkan gangguan padasemua sistem tubuh. Akibatnya kemampuan untuk self care berkurang termasukpemenuhan kebutuhan spiritual. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahuihubungan dimensi religi dengan self care pada penderita Heart Failure. Metodepenelitian menggunakan analisis korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlahsempel 75 responden. Metode pengambilan sampel dengan tehnik purposive sampling.Hasil penelitian menunjukan rata-rata usia 61 tahun, berjenis kelamin wanita 53,3%,berpendidikan rendah 54,5%, berpenghasilan diatas UMR 56%, status kesehatan denganklasifikasi kelas II 60%. Analisis penelitian menunjukan ada hubungan yang bermaknaantara dimensi religi dengan self care (p value= 0,001; α = 0,05). Analisis lebih lanjutmenunjukan bahwa dimensi religi merupakan faktor yang dominan yang berhubungandengan self care. Rekomendasi peneliti adalah peningkatan peran perawat dalammelakukan asuhan keperawatan spiritual pada penederita Heart Failure dandikembangkan strategi self care practice.

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ABSTRACTHeart failure is a chronic heart disease causing disturbances in all systems of the body.As a result, the ability to self care is diminished including fulfilling spiritual needs. Thepurpose of this research is to find out the relationship between religious dimension andself care in people with heart failure. The Research used correlative analytical methodswith cross sectional approach. The total sample of 75 respondents. The samplecollection method used a purposive technique sampling. Research results showed theaverage age of 61 years; 53,3 % the female sex; 54,5 % educated low; 56 % earnshigher than regional minimum wage and health status with the classification class II 60%. The finding showed that there is a relationship between religious dimension withmeaningful self care (p value=0,001; α=0,05). Further analyses showed that religiousdimension is a dominant factor associated with self care. Recommendations of theresearch is improving role of nurses in providing spiritual care to patients with heartfailure and developing strategy of self care practice."

"Gagal jantung telah menjadi masalah yang terus berkembang diseluruh dunia dan menjadi penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas yang cukup tinggi untuk penyakit kardiovaskular. Klasifikasi New York Heart Association (NYHA) digunakan sebagai pembagian fungsional untuk menentukan progresifisitas gagal jantung berdasarkan derajat keterbatasan gejala. Interleukin 1 (IL-1) memiliki anggota reseptor yaitu reseptor interleukin-1 (IL-1R) atau yang biasanya dikenal dengan nama interleukin-1 receptor like 1 (IL-1RL1) dan reseptor interleukin-18 (IL-18R). Tahun 1989 beberapa peneliti berhasil mengidentifikasi salah satu reseptor dari IL-1 yaitu ST2. Kadar ST2 yang tinggi di jantung menandakan bahwa pada pasien tersebut sedang berlangsung proses kerusakan jantung atau sedang terjadi proses remodeling. Pada pasien gagal jantung, kadar ST2 berkorelasi kuat dengan memberatnya penyakit dan mortalitas. Peningkatan kadar ST2 sesuai keadaan hipertrofi jantung, fibrosis dan disfungsi ventrikel. Penelitian longitudinal pre post tes ini terdiri dari 23 orang pasien gagal jantung klasifikasi NYHA III 70% dan IV 30%. Penderita laki-laki lebih banyak dari perempuan (51.4% vs 48.6%). Median usia NYHA III 52 tahun dan rerata usia NYHA IV 58 tahun. Penyebab gagal jantung terbanyak adalah CAD 52% dan non CAD 48%. Kadar ST2 pada awal hari perawatan lebih tinggi bermakna dibandingkan pada akhir hari perawatan 31.4 (14 – 129.2) ng/mL vs 18.4 (7.6 - 77.8) ng/mL, dengan p=0.001. Hasil ini menunjukkan dengan adanya perbaikan klinis penderita, terjadi penurunan kadar ST2 yang bermakna. Kadar ST2 berkorelasi dengan usia dan lama perawatan, namun tidak berkorelasi dengan jenis kelamin dan faktor penyebab gagal jantung. Disimpulkan bahwa ST2 dapat digunakan sebagai petanda untuk menentukan perbaikan klinis gagal jantung NYHA III & IV.

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Heart failure has become a problem that continues to grow around theworld and causing high morbidity and mortality rate for cardiovascular disease Classification of New York Heart Association NYHA functional division isused to determine progressivity of heart failure based on the degree of symptomslimitation Interleukin 1 IL 1 has family of receptors that are interleukin 1 receptor IL 1R or commonly known as interleukin 1 receptor like 1 IL 1RL1 andinterleukin 18 receptor IL 18R In 1989 some researchers had identified thatone of the IL 1 receptor was ST2 ST2 levels were high in patient that haveongoing process of cardiac damage or remodelling process In heart failurepatients ST2 levels correlate strongly with disease and mortality Increased ST2levels was observed in circumstances such as cardiac hypertrophy fibrosis andventricular dysfunction This longitudinal pre post test study consists of 23 heart failure patientsNYHA classification III 70 and IV 30 was conducted There were moremale patients compare to female 51 4 vs 48 6 Median age of NYHA IIIwas 52 years and mean age of NYHA IV was 58 years The main cause of heartfailure was CAD 52 and non CAD 48 ST2 levels in the early days oftreatment was significantly higher than at the end of treatment 31 4 14 ndash 129 2 ng mL vs 18 4 7 6 ndash 77 8 ng mL p 0 001 These results indicate that patientswith clinical improvement showed significant decrease in ST2 level ST2 levelscorrelated with age and length of care but did not correlated with sex and cause ofheart failure It was conclude that ST2 can be used as a marker for assessment ofclinical improvement NYHA III IV of heart failure "

"Gagal jantung memiliki angka bertahan hidup yang rendah. Sekitar 26 juta orang dewasa hidup dengan gagal jantung di dunia. Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2013, prevalensi gagal jantung berdasarkan wawancara terdiagnosis dokter di Indonesia sebesar 0,13. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Riskesdas tahun 2013 dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Sampel adalah seluruh penduduk yang berada di Indonesia berusia ge;18 tahun. Diagnosis gagal jantung decompensatio cordis berdasarkan diagnosa dokter. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 655.192 orang. Analisis data menunjukkan prevalensi gagal jantung terdiagnosis sebesar 0,1 . Faktor risiko yang paling besar terhadap kejadian gagal jantung di Indonesia adalah penyakit jantung koroner POR=42,578; 95 CI=35,982-50,383;p.

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Heart Failure has a low survival rates. Approximately, 26 millions of adults live with heart failure in the world. According to Riskesdas 2013, the prevalence of heart failure based on doctor's diagnose was 0,13 . This research uses Riskesdas 2013 data with cross sectional study design. The sample were the ge 18 years people. Heart failure decompensatio cordis was based on doctor's diagnose. Total samples that were used in this research was 655.192. Data analysis shows the prevalence of heart failure based on doctor's diagnose was 0,1 . Coronary heart disease has the biggest risk of heart failure POR 42,578 95 CI 35,982 50,383."