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"Skripsi ini membahas tentang cross border insolvency pada pelaksanaan putusan pailit perusahaan asing di Indonesia dan Malaysia. Seiring dengan perkembangan suatu negara, transaksi bisnis mulai merambah melewati batas-batas negara, salah satunya adalah pinjam meminjam uang untuk modal suatu perusahaan. Keadaan ketika debitur tidak mampu membayar utangnya dapat membuat debitur dinyatakan pailit. Kepailitan tersebut disebut cross border insolvency. Salah satukasus terkait cross border insolvency adalah kasus permohonan pailit Penaga Timur Sdn.Bhd yang diajukan oleh PT. Wijaya Artha Shipping dan PT. Ujung Medini Lestari. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam kasus tersebut adalah unsurunsur cross border insolvency dan ketentuan UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross- Border Insolvency dapat diterapkan dalam Putusan Nomor 11/Pdt.Sus- PKPU/2018/PN.Niaga.Mdn. Permasalahan lain yang diangkat pada skripsi ini adalah bagaimana pelaksanaan putusan pailit perusahaan asing di Indonesia dan Malaysia. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode yuridis-normatif. Analisis yangdilakukan adalah untuk menjelaskan unsur-unsur cross border insolvency dan ketentuan UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency dapat diterapkan dalam Putusan Nomor 11/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2018/PN.Niaga.Mdn, dan pelaksanaan putusan pailit perusahaan asing di Indonesia dan Malaysia.This paper discussed cross border insolvency in enforcement of bankruptcy judgment of foreign company in Indonesia and Malaysia. As a country developing, business transactions begin to penetrate cross border, one of the business transcations is loan agreement for capital. The condition of debtors can not pay their debts can make the debtors go bankrupt. This is called as cross border insolvency. One of the cases of cross border insolvency is a bankruptcy of Penaga Timur Sdn.Bhd case that was filed by PT. Wijaya Artha Shipping and PT. Ujung Medini Lestari. This paper examines the elements of cross border insolvency and the using of UNCITRAL model Law on Cross Border Insolvencyin the case Nomor 11/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2018/PN.Niaga.Mdn. This paper also examines the enforcement of bankruptcy judgment of foreign company in Indonesia and Malaysia. This study was conducted by using normative legal research method. The analysis presents the elements of cross border insolvency and the using of UNCITRAL model Law on Cross Border Insolvency in the case Nomor 11/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2018/PN.Niaga.Mdn, and the enforcement ofbankruptcy judgment of foreign company in Indonesia and Malaysia."

"Kegiatan ekonomi antar negara membukakan pintu para investor untuk dapat menanamkan investasinya di negara lain. Seiring dengan meningkatnya kegiatan transaksi ekonomi internasional, terbuka besar kemungkinan munculnya masalah kepailitan lintas negara. Maka dari itu, instrumen hukum kepailitan di sebuah negara harus ditingkatkan. Dalam menghadapi masalah kepailitan lintas negara, beberapa negara telah mencari jalan keluar seperti halnya Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa yang telah menciptakan UNCITRAL Model Law 1997, dan European Union yang telah menciptakan peraturan regional yang disebut dengan Council Regulation (EC) No. 1356/2000 of 29 May 2000 on insolvency proceedings. Permasalahan kepailitan lintas negara juga dapat diatasi dengan perjanjian bilateral seperti yang dilakukan Singapura dengan Malaysia dalam Mutual Recognition and Mutual Enforcement of Republic of Singapore and Malaysia on Cross-Border Insolvency. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang belum memiliki satupun peraturan yang mengatur mengenai kepailitan lintas negara. Skripsi ini akan membahas mengenai kemungkinan diterapkannya pengaturan mengenai kepailitan lintas negara di Indonesia dengan meninjau pengaturan kepailitan lintas negara yang dilakukan Singapura dengan perjanjian bilateral bersama Malaysia, dan juga langkah Singapura dalam mengadopsi UNCITRAL Model Law melalui studi kasus. Selain itu, Skripsi ini juga membahas mengenai pengaturan regional kepailitan lintas negara yang diciptakan oleh European Union.Economic activity between countries opens opportunities for investors to be able to invest in other countries. Along with the increase of international economic transactions, there is possibility of the emergence of Cross-Border Insolvency inssues. Therefore, bankruptcy instruments in a country must be improved. In dealing with Cross-Border Insolvency, several countries have sought solutions. The United Nations created the UNCITRAL Model Law on 1997, and the European Union created a regional regulation called Council Regulation (EC) No. 1356/2000 of 29 May 2000 on insolvency proceedings. The Cross-Border Insolvency issues can also be settled by bilateral agreements such Mutual Recognition and Mutual Enforcement of the Republic of Singapore and Malaysia on Cross-Border Insolvency which conducted by Singapore and Malaysia. Indonesia does not yet have a single regulation that governs Cross-Border Insolvency. This study will discuss the possibility of applying Cross-Border Insolvency instruments in Indonesia by reviewing the Cross-Border Insolvency Instruments undertaken by Singapore with bilateral agreements with Malaysia, and also Singapore's steps in adopting the UNCITRAL Model Law through case studies. In addition, this study also discusses regional regulation on Cross-Border Insolvency created by the European Union"

"Dengan semakin meningkatnya transaksi bisnis internasional, maka semakin meningkat pula kemungkinan terjadinya kepailitan lintas batas. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan suatu pengaturan kepailitan lintas batas yang memadai. Suatu negara dapat mengadopsi salah satu instrumen hukum internasional, yaitu UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency, ke dalam hukum kepailitannya guna menghadapi kasus kepailitan lintas batas. Skripsi ini membahas mengenai langkah Singapura dan Jepang dalam menghadapi kasus-kasus kepailitan lintas batas dengan mengadopsi UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency dan bagaimana UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency tersebut diterapkan dalam pengaturan kepailitan lintas batas di masing-masing negara. Skripsi ini juga akan membahas mengenai kemungkinan penerapan UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency dalam hukum kepailitan di Indonesia sebagai solusi dalam menghadapi permasalahan kasus kepailitan lintas batas dengan melihat Singapura dan Jepang sebagai acuan.

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With the ever-increasing number of international business transactions, the possibility of cross-border insolvency also increases. Therefore, an adequate cross-border insolvency regulation is needed. A country can adopt one of the international law instruments, namely the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency, into their insolvency law to deal with cross-border insolvency cases. The study will discuss about Singapore and Japan's steps in facing cross-border insolvency cases by adopting the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency and how the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency is applied in cross-border insolvency regulation in each country. This study will also discuss about the possibility of adopting the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency in Indonesia's insolvency law as the solution to facing cross-border insolvency cases by looking at Singapore and Japan as a reference."

"Good Corporate Governance (GCG) atau Tata Kelola Perusahaan yang Baik pada Perusahaan Publik khususnya di Indonesia, merupakan hal yang perlu diperhatikan mengingat GCG berkaitan dengan perlindungan para pemegang saham, sehingga dengan adanya perkembangan ekonomi yang menyebabkan munculnya integrasi ekonomi khususnya dalam sektor Pasar Modal, maka GCG pada perusahaan publik adalah salah satu faktor yang perlu dijunjung tinggi demi keberlangsungan perusahaan publik tersebut. Penulisan ini dilakukan dengan metode yuridis-normatif. Disamping itu, perlu adanya perbandingan penerapan pengaturan GCG di Indonesia dengan Singapura, Thailand, Malaysia yang merupakan negara-negara yang berpartisipasi dalam kebijakan adanya cross border offering yang merupakan kebijakan dalam integrasi pasar modal di wilayah ASEAN. Berdasarkan tinjauan dari beberapa segi, maka Indonesia masih perlu untuk memperbaiki sistem pengaturan GCG pada Perusahaan Publik.

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Good Corporate Governance (GCG) of Public Company in Indonesia is an important issue, in relation to the economic development which leads to the emergence of economic integration, especially in the Capital Markets sector. Thus, corporate governance in public company is one of the factors that need to be upheld for the development of the public company performance. This thesis writing is conducted by the method of juridical-normative. In addition, the comparasion of GCG implementation in Indonesia with Singapore,Thailand,and Malaysia as the participants of ASEAN Capital Market Integration Policies which is cross border offering is needed. Based on a review of several aspects, Indonesia shall improve the system of implementation of GCG on Public Company."

"Kepailitan lintas merupakan konsekuensi dari perkembangan interaksi bisnis multinasional yang begitu pesat. Wilayah yurisdiksi suatu negara tidak lagi menjadi penghalang pelaku bisnis untuk menjalankan kegiatan bisnis nya. Kondisi tersebut membuat resiko bisnis, khusunya permasalahan kepailitan lintas batas. Kepailitan yang melibatkan unsur lintas batas didalamnya tidak bisa diselesaikan dengan mekanisme penyelesaian biasa. Hukum Kepailitan Indonesia memalui UU Nomor 37 Tahun 2007 Tentang Kepailitan dan Kewajiban Pembayran Utang masih sangat jauh dari kata ideal dalam menghadapi fenomena ini. Undang-Undang ini hanya memuat tiga pasal berkaitan dengan ketentuan hukum internasional, namun sama sekali tidak memuat ketentuan terkait penyelesaian kepailitan lintas batas. Hal ini dikarenakan proses penegakan hukum akan berhadapan langsung dengan kedaulatan hukum negara lain. UNCITRAL Model Law On Cross-Border Insolvency With Guide To Enactment adalah suatu model hukum yang dibuat untuk menjadi rujukan bagi negara-negara dalam melakukan harmonisasi dan modernisasi hukum kepailitannya agar mampu memberikan keadilan dan kepastian hukum bagi iklim perdagangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Indonesia sebagai negara berkembang yang berambisi meningkatkan perekenomiannya harus melakukan perubahan terhadap hukum kepailitan nasional. UNCITRAL Model Law yang bersifat fleksibel, dapat dimodifikasi sesuai nilai-nilai dan kepentingan nasional suatu negara dapat dijadikan rujukan untuk melahirkan hukum kepailitan yang memadai

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Cross Border Insolvency/Bankcruptcy is a is a consequence of the rapid development of multinational business interactions. he jurisdiction of a country is no longer a barrier for businesses to carry out their business activities. These conditions create business risks, especially cross-border bankruptcy issues. Bankruptcy involving cross-border elements in it cannot be resolved by the usual settlement mechanism. Indonesia's Bankruptcy Law passed Law No. 37 of 2007 on Bankruptcy and Debt Relief Obligations is far from ideal in dealing with this phenomenon. This Law contains only three articles relating to the provisions of international law, but contains absolutely no provisions related to the settlement of cross-border bankruptcy. This is because the law enforcement process will be directly confronted with the legal sovereignty of other countries. UNCITRAL Model Law On Cross-Border Insolvency With Guide To Enactment is a legal model created to be a reference for countries in harmonizing and modernizing their bankruptcy laws in order to provide justice and legal certainty for the trading climate. The results of this study show that Indonesia as a developing country with the ambition to improve its economy must make changes to the national bankruptcy law. UNCITRAL Model Law that is flexible, can be modified according to the values and national interests of a country can be used as a reference to give birth to adequate bankruptcy law."

"Timbul permasalahan ketika terdapat putusan pengadilan asing atas pailitnya perusahaan yang mempunyai anak perusahaan yang berada di negara lain dan didirikan berdasarkan hukum setempat, dan perusahaan yang pailit tersebut memiliki aset yang lebih di negara lain. Secara kongkrit, keterkaitan masalah kepailitan dengan hukum perdata internasional dalam hal ini terletak bagaimana keberlakuan putusan pailit pengadilan asing di suatu negara. Mengingat juga banyak negara yang masih berpandangan sangat konservatif terhadap pelaksanaan putusan pengadilan asing utamanya kepailitan, berakibat pada terhambatnya transaksi bisnis internasional. Para pelaku usaha merasa ada kebuntuan (deadlock) dalam memperoleh haknya. Untuk mengatasi kebuntuan ini United Nations Commisions on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) melakukan terobosan yang memungkinkan sebuah negara mengakui dan melaksanakan putusan pailit yang dikeluarkan oleh pengadilan asing, yakni berupa UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency with Guide to Enacment and Interpretation.Lalu, bagaimanakah pengakuan putusan pailtit yurisdiksi asing di Indonesia sendiri, dan beberapa negara seperti Jepang, Selandia Baru, Australia, Malaysia dan Singapura?

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Arise issue when there is insolvency foreign judgement of company, which have subsidiary company, located in other country and established by local law, and that bankrupt companies have assets in other states. Concretely in this case, link of insolvency and private international law issue is how the enforceability of insolvency foreign judgment in a state. In view of many states sighted conservatively to the enforcement of foreign judgment especially in isolvency, so that have impact to inhibition of international business transaction. Business feel there?s impasse (deadlock) to acquire their rights. To solve that issue, United Nations Commisions on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) do breakthrough so that state can recognize and enforce the insolvency foreign judgment, namely UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency with Guide to Enacment and Interpretation.

Then, how the recognition of insolvency foreign judgment in Indonesia itself, and some country like Japan, New Zealand, Australia, Malaysia dna Singapore."

"In general lines, insolvency is a state in which the debtor is proven unable to pay corporate creditors. In this volume, we aim to explore the contemporary causes and effects of corporate cross-border insolvency (CCBI). The specificity of this state occurs when the debtor’s assets or liabilities are located by virtue of being crossborder in more than one country, or if the debtor is subject to the jurisdiction of courts from two or more countries (UNCITRAL, 2014 ). In the realms of international business, CCBI could be mediated by events experienced during the internationalisation of the firm, which may encompass a loss of capital, loss of revenue and loss of credit. Problems that ‘drag on’ over an extended period of time are often exacerbated by a tangled web of interconnected occurrences, like credit problems resulting promised payments that never happen, accumulating unpaid bills and the snowballing effect of the situation that impacts upon the firms credit both at home and abroad. The potential for small events to compound and morph in firms that control and manage production establishments located in two (or more) countries is greater than the same potential for those that keep a domestic profile (Teece, 1985 ; UNCITRAL, 2014 ). If unaddressed, these ‘business, as usual’ issues reach a point where a viable organisation is transformed into a dead firm."

"Tulisan ini menganalisis tentang bagaimana pengaturan tentang pelunasan piutang atas beban harta Debitor yang berada di luar negeri berdasarkan undang-undang kepailitan dan bagaimana upaya kerjasama antarnegara untuk dapat meningkatkan efektifitas kewenangan kurator dalam menangani pelunasan piutang Kreditor dalam konteks Cross Border Insolvency. Tulisan ini disusun dengan menggunakan metode penelitian doktrinal. Pelunasan utang atas harta debitor di luar negeri berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Pembayaran Utang terbatasi oleh prinsip teritorialitas, sehingga menghalangi eksekusi keputusan pengadilan asing di Indonesia. Pasal 436 Rv menegaskan bahwa keputusan hakim asing tidak berlaku kecuali ditentukan oleh undang-undang tertentu. Prinsip ini menyulitkan kurator dan merugikan kreditur. Penyelesaian sengketa kepailitan lintas batas dapat dilakukan melalui hukum dalam perjanjian utang-piutang, pengadilan umum, perjanjian bilateral, hubungan diplomatik, atau UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross Border Insolvency, dengan prinsip universalitas dan teritorialitas. Undang-Undang Kepailitan Indonesia saat ini terbatas dalam menangani kasus kepailitan yang melibatkan aset di luar negeri, dengan keputusan pengadilan asing tidak diakui di Indonesia. Diperlukan peningkatan kerjasama hukum internasional, terutama melalui adopsi Model Law dari UNCITRAL, yang sedang dalam tahap finalisasi. Fokusnya termasuk penelusuran aset digital di luar negeri, yang menghadapi tantangan teknis. Harmonisasi hukum kepailitan internasional diakui sebagai kunci untuk mengatasi hambatan dari perbedaan hukum nasional dan memfasilitasi penyelesaian aset pailit lintas batas. Pentingnya Mutual Legal Assistance (MLA) untuk pertukaran informasi adalah untuk memperkuat penegakan hukum kolaboratif di luar yurisdiksi tunggal, dapat dilakukan melalui perjanjian bilateral atau multilateral proaktif.

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This text analyzes the regulations regarding the repayment of debts against the debtor's assets located abroad based on bankruptcy laws and efforts of international cooperation to enhance the effectiveness of the curator's authority in handling creditor repayment in the context of Cross Border Insolvency. The research is conducted using a doctrinal research method. The repayment of debts on debtor's assets abroad under Law No. 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment is limited by the principle of territoriality, which hinders the execution of foreign court decisions in Indonesia. Article 436 Rv asserts that foreign court decisions do not apply unless specified by specific laws. This principle complicates the curator's role and harms creditors. Resolution of cross-border bankruptcy disputes can be conducted through laws in credit agreements, general courts, bilateral agreements, diplomatic relations, or the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency, based on the principles of universality and territoriality. Indonesia's Bankruptcy Law currently has limitations in handling cases involving assets abroad, with foreign court decisions not recognized in Indonesia. Enhanced international legal cooperation is needed, particularly through the adoption of the UNCITRAL Model Law, which is currently in its finalization stage. The focus includes tracing digital assets abroad, facing numerous technical challenges. Harmonization of international bankruptcy laws is recognized as crucial to overcoming national legal differences and facilitating the resolution of cross-border insolvent assets. The importance of Mutual Legal Assistance (MLA) for information exchange is to strengthen collaborative law enforcement outside single jurisdictions, achievable through proactive bilateral or multilateral agreements."