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"The book offers a new approach to information theory that is more general then the classical approach by Shannon. The classical definition of information is given for an alphabet of symbols or for a set of mutually exclusive propositions (a partition of the probability space Ω) with corresponding probabilities adding up to 1. The new definition is given for an arbitrary cover of Ω, i.e. for a set of possibly overlapping propositions. The generalized information concept is called novelty and it is accompanied by two new concepts derived from it, designated as information and surprise, which describe "opposite" versions of novelty, information being related more to classical information theory and surprise being related more to the classical concept of statistical significance. In the discussion of these three concepts and their interrelations several properties or classes of covers are defined, which turn out to be lattices. The book also presents applications of these new concepts, mostly in statistics and in neuroscience."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis apakah penggunaan informasi yang saling berkaitan dalam revenue surprise, earnings surprise, dan prior returns dapat memberikan nilai tambah kepada penerapan strategi investasi di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode tahun 2001-2012. Penelitian ini juga secara tidak langsung melakukan pengujian terhadap keberadaan fenomena momentum harga dan post-earnings-announcement drift. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa investor cenderung bereaksi kurang terhadap informasi kinerja fundamental, namun sebaliknya bereaksi berlebihan terhadap informasi kinerja pasar 6 bulan sebelumnya. Hal tersebut terlihat dari penerapan strategi momentum pendapatan dan laba yang efektif, namun tidak dengan strategi momentum harga. Pengujian dominasi strategi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kontribusi profit yang independen satu sama lain, dan kontribusi profit ini tetap signifikan setelah dilakukan penyesuaian terhadap CAPM dan model 3 faktor Fama-French. Penerapan strategi multivariat terbukti memberikan tambahan return yang positif dan signifikan. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa setiap informasi memiliki konten eksklusif yang tidak dihargai oleh pasar dan investor cenderung kurang mempertimbangkan implikasi gabungannya selama periode penelitian.

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This study analyses whether the usage of interrelated informations in revenue surprise, earnings surprise, and prior returns adds value to the implementation of investment strategy in Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2001-2012 period. This study also indirectly examines the existence of price momentum and postearnings- announcement drift anomalies. This study finds that there is a tendency of investors to underreact to fundamental performance information, but on the other hand overreact to previous 6 months market performance information. It is explained by the effectiveness revenue and earnings momentum strategies, and the ineffectiveness of price momentum strategy. The test of strategy domination shows that each strategies has an independent profit contribution to each other, and these profits persist even after being adjusted to the CAPM and Fama-French 3 factors model. It is proven in this study that the implementation of multivariate strategies gives significant positive incremental returns. This indicates that each informations has an exclusive content that is unpriced by the market and investors tend to underestimate the combined implication of those informations during the research period."

"Summary: Told through the author's own evolving understanding of the subject over the course of his life comes a bold and personal investigation into America's racial history and its contemporary echoes. The author attempts to answer the questions of how to live with the idea of "race" in America, written as a letter to his adolescent so"

"Summary: Ten years after everything fell apart between Ben and Rachel, a chance encounter on a rainy day brings them together, and in that moment, the friendship they shared is rekindled in spite of the lives that they have built for themselves over the ye"