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"Kepala rumah tangga perempuan seringkali dianggap sebagai kelompok yang rentan terhadap kemiskinan. Beberapa literatur menunjukkan bahwa terdapat bias dalam pernyataan ini, dan perlu dilakukan pemisahan subkelompok untuk melihat tantangan yang dialami tiap jenis kepala rumah tangga perempuan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pola dan perbedaan partisipasi kerja kepala rumah tangga perempuan di Indonesia dan pengaruh status perkawinan kepala rumah tangga perempuan (de facto dan de jure) di Indonesia terhadap partisipasi kerja mereka setelah dikontrol terhadap pengaruh faktor sosial ekonomi tertentu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan data sekunder dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) Maret 2018. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data tersebut adalah analisis regresi logistik multinomial. Analisis dilakukan terhadap kepala rumah tangga perempuan usia produktif (15-64 tahun). Ditemukan bahwa kepala rumah tangga perempuan yang berstatus kawin (de facto) lebih cenderung menghabiskan waktunya pada pekerjaan berbayar dan tidak berbayar (mengurus rumah tangga) dibandingkan kepala rumah tangga perempuan yang tidak berstatus kawin (de jure). Temuan penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai rekomendasi bagi pemangku kepentingan terkait dalam menentukan intervensi kebijakan terhadap berbagai subkelompok kepala rumah tangga perempuan di Indonesia.

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Female household heads are often seen as a vulnerable group to poverty. Some literature suggests bias in this statement, and it is necessary to disaggregate the subgroups to see the challenges faced by each type of female household head. Therefore, this study aims to explain the patterns and differences in the work participation of female household heads in Indonesia and the effect of the marital status of female household heads (de facto and de jure) in Indonesia on their work participation after controlling for the effects of socio-economic factors. This study uses a quantitative approach with secondary data from the March 2018 National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas). The method used to analyze this data is the multinomial logistic regression. The analysis is conducted on female household heads in their productive age (15-64 years old). It is found that female household heads who are married (de facto) are more likely to spend their time in paid and unpaid work (domestic work) than female household heads who are not married (de jure). This study’s findings can be used as recommendations for relevant stakeholders in determining policy interventions for various subgroups of female household heads in Indonesia"

"Jumlah kepala rumah tangga (KRT) perempuan di Indonesia terus meningkat. Untuk dapat menafkahi keluarganya, KRT perempuan harus bekerja keras, berpikir kreatif dan memanfaatkan teknologi digital sembari menjalani dua peran dalam kehidupan rumah tangganya. Salah satu upaya yang dapat meningkatkan pendapatan mereka adalah dengan memanfaatkan Internet. Saat ini layanan internet yang paling banyak digunakan masyarakat adalah berbasis jaringan pita lebar generasi keempat (4G). Infrastruktur jaringan 4G pun sudah tersedia di sebagian besar wilayah Indonesia. Melalui teknologi 4G, masyarakat dapat merasakan layanan digital dengan kualitas data lebih baik, lebih cepat dan biaya lebih terjangkau. Meski teknologi sudah canggih, KRT perempuan dengan berbagai keterbatasan, belum tentu bisa memanfaatkannya secara optimal. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan menganalisa pengaruh teknologi jaringan 4G terhadap pendapatan per kapita rumah tangga, khususnya yang dikepalai perempuan dan menggunakan data yang berasal dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) tahun 2015 dan 2019 dengan sampel sebanyak 601.580 KRT. Metode yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa penerapan teknologi 4G melalui layanan internet pada jaringan bergerak terbukti memiliki kontribusi positif terhadap pendapatan per kapita keluarga, khususnya pada rumah tangga yang dikepalai perempuan non miskin.

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The number of female household heads (KRT) in Indonesia continues to increase. In order to fulfill the needs of their family life, female head of household must be able to work hard, think creatively and utilize digital technology while carrying out two roles in her household life. One of the efforts that can increase their income is by utilizing the Internet. Currently, the most widely used internet service by the community is based on the fourth generation (4G) broadband network. 4G network infrastructure is also available in most parts of Indonesia. Through 4G technology, people can experience digital services with better data quality, faster and more affordable costs. Even though technology is advanced, female head of household with various limitations, may not be able to use it optimally. Therefore, this study will analyze the effect of 4G network technology on the income per capita of households, especially those headed by women and use data from the 2015 and 2019 National Socio-Economic Surveys (Susenas) with a sample of 601,580 household heads. The method used is multiple linear regression. The results of the study found that the application of 4G technology through internet services on mobile networks proved to have a positive contribution to the income per capita of families, especially in households headed by non-poor women."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana probabilitas perempuan dalam menentukan preferensi antara bekerja dan menikah yang dilakukan secara bersama-sama, serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya dengan menggunakan data dari Survey Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) tahun 2012. Keputusan partisipasi kerja pada seorang perempuan sangat berkaitan erat dengan keputusannya dalam status perkawinan. Status perkawinan perempuan telah diketahui akan mempengaruhi keputusan perempuan dalam berpartisipasi di pasar kerja. Metode yang digunakan adalah model sequential probit, dimana masing-masing keputusan dilakukan secara berurutan menurut model probit biner. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berdasarkan perbandingan karakteristik daerah tempat tinggal dan tingkat pendidikan, di dapatkan bahwa probabilitas terbesar seorang perempuan dalam menentukan pekerjaan dan perkawinanya adalah probabilitas perempuan bekerja dan menikah dengan pendidikan Perguruan Tinggi dan tinggal di daerah perkotaan yaitu sebesar 65.39 persen. Sedangkan probabilitas terkecil adalah probabilitas perempuan yang tidak bekerja dan tidak menikah yang tinggal didaerah perkotaan dengan pendidikan SD yaitu sebesar 0.004 persen.;

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine how the probability of women in determining her preferences between work and married and the factors that influence it, using data from the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) in 2012. Decisions on a female labor forcr participation is closely related to the decision in marital status. Marital status would influence a woman's decision to participate in the labor market. The method used is sequential probit models, where each decision made in sequence according to a binary probit model. The results showed that by comparison the characteristic of the residence and level of education, found that the greatest probability is the probability of working and married women with education Universities and live in urban areas in the amount of 65.39 percent. While the smallest probability is the probability of women who do not work and are not married who live in urban areas with primary education that is equal to 0.004 percent.;This study aims to determine how the probability of women in determining her preferences between work and married and the factors that influence it, using data from the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) in 2012. Decisions on a female labor forcr participation is closely related to the decision in marital status. Marital status would influence a woman's decision to participate in the labor market. The method used is sequential probit models, where each decision made in sequence according to a binary probit model. The results showed that by comparison the characteristic of the residence and level of education, found that the greatest probability is the probability of working and married women with education Universities and live in urban areas in the amount of 65.39 percent. While the smallest probability is the probability of women who do not work and are not married who live in urban areas with primary education that is equal to 0.004 percent., This study aims to determine how the probability of women in determining her preferences between work and married and the factors that influence it, using data from the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) in 2012. Decisions on a female labor forcr participation is closely related to the decision in marital status. Marital status would influence a woman's decision to participate in the labor market. The method used is sequential probit models, where each decision made in sequence according to a binary probit model. The results showed that by comparison the characteristic of the residence and level of education, found that the greatest probability is the probability of working and married women with education Universities and live in urban areas in the amount of 65.39 percent. While the smallest probability is the probability of women who do not work and are not married who live in urban areas with primary education that is equal to 0.004 percent.]"

"Dengan menggunakan data dari IFLS 4 dan IFLS 5 dengan sampel Indonesia, penelitian ini mencoba untuk melihat hubungan antara transisi status pernikahan dan konservatisme terhadap pekerjaan perempuan di Indonesia, dan bagaimana hubungan tersebut bervariasi di berbagai sektor. Regresi multinomial logit mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh negatif dari transisi status pernikhan menjadi “menikah” bagi perempuan di sektor informal. Di antara konservatisme, konservatisme relijius meningkatkan kemungkinan perempuan untuk melakukan pekerjaan informal, dan menurunkan kemungkinan untuk bekerja di sektor formal. Tidak hanya itu, konservatisme pasangan juga secara signifikan menurunkan kemungkinan perempuan untuk bekerja di sektor formal.

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Using data from IFLS 4 and IFLS 5 with Indonesia as the sample, this research attempts to examine the association between marital status transition and conservatism toward women’s employment in Indonesia, and how the association varies across different sectors. A multinomial logit regression reveals that there is a negative effect of marital gain for women in the informal sector. Among conservatism, religious conservatism did increase women’s informal work and decrease women’s employment in the formal sector. Not only that, but a spouse’s conservatism also significantly decreases the probability of women working in the formal sector."

"Fenomena partner phubbing mulai diteliti sejak penggunaan ponsel pintar dan internet terus meningkat. Partner phubbing merupakan perilaku individu yang mengabaikan pasangannya dalam komunikasi karena lebih memperhatikan ponselnya, dan perilaku ini dapat mempengaruhi berbagai hubungan antar manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara partner phubbing dan kepuasan perkawinan dengan kecerdasan emosional sebagai moderator. Penelitian dilakukan secara daring kepada 522 orang yang sudah menikah, berusia 20 - 65 tahun, dan menggunakan ponsel dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan negatif antara artner phubbing dan kepuasan perkawinan, hubungan positif antara kecerdasan emosional dan kepuasan perkawinan dan hubungan negatif antara partner phubbing dan kecerdasan emosional. Namun kecerdasan emosional tidak berperan sebagai moderator pada hubungan antara partner phubbing dan kepuasan perkawinan.

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The partner phubbing phenomenon has been investigated since the use of smart phones and the internet continues to increase. Partner phubbing is an individual behavior that ignores their partner in communication because they pay more attention to their cellphones, and this behavior can affect various relationships between people. This study aimed to determine the relationship between partner phubbing and marital satisfaction with emotional intelligence as a moderator. The study was conducted online on 522 people who were married, aged 20 - 65 years, and used cellphones in their daily lives. The results showed a negative relationship between partner phubbing and marital satisfaction, a positive relationship between emotional intelligence and marital satisfaction and a negative relationship between partner phubbing and emotional intelligence. But emotional intelligence did not act as a moderator in the relationship between partner phubbing and marital satisfaction.>"

"ABSTRAKStudi sebelumnya menemukan bahwa karakteristik perkawinan pada individu yang menikah terbukti berkorelasi dengan kepuasan perkawinan. Terdapat karakteristik perkawinan yang lebih dianggap penting oleh individu terhadap kepuasan perkawinannya. Penelitian ini ingin melihat hubungan antara karakteristik perkawinan dengan kepuasan perkawinan pada pernikahan berdasarkan agama (ta aruf). Partisipan pada penelitian merupakan 200 individu yang menikah melalui pernikahan berdasarkan agama (ta aruf) dengan usia perkawinan 1-5 tahun. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara daring melalui google forms. Karakteristik perkawinan diukur dengan CHARISMA dan kepuasan perkawinan diukur dengan CSI yang telah diadaptasi ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara karakteristik perkawinan dengan kepuasan perkawinan (r = 0,381, p<0.01, 2-tailed) pada individu yang menikah melalui ta aruf dengan usia perkawinan 1-5 tahun. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan temuan baru mengenai karakteristik perkawinan apa yang berhubungan dengan kepuasan perkawinan pada individu yang menikah, khususnya perkawinan melalui perjodohan (taaruf) di Indonesia.

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ABSTRACT

Previous study has found that the marita characteristics has correlation with marital satisfaction. There is a characteristics of marriage which is considered more important by married individual on their marriage life. This research is aiming to see the correlation between characteristics and satisfaction of a marriage that has occurred based on religion (ta aruf). Respondents are 200 persons who have been married through an arranged based marriage process (ta aruf) with age of marriage between 1 to 5 years. Data collection was done by distributing questionnaire online with google forms. The characteristics is measured by CHARISMA and marital satisfaction with CSI which have been translated into Indonesian. The result is showing there is a significant positive correlation between marital characteristics and marital satisfaction (r=0,381, p<0.01, 2-tailed) on a person who is married through an arranged-based marriage, aged from 1 to 5 years old. This also bringing new point related to marital satisfaction on an individual that is doing marriage, especially on a marriage through an arranged-based marriage in Indonesia (ta aruf)."