Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Hasil Pencarian

Ditemukan 154930 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
cover
Annisa Shafira Zahra
Uji antibakteri ekstrak etanol tumbuhan liar dari Sulawesi Selatan terhadap bakteri aeromonas hydrophila chester dan flavobacterium columnare bernardet & grimont = Antibacterial test of wild plant ethanol extract from South Sulawesi against aeromonas hydrophila chester and flavobacterium columnare bernardet & grimont bacteria.
"Penyakit ikan dapat disebabkan oleh bakteri pembentuk biofilm, seperti Aeromonas hydrophila dan Flavobacterium columnare. Pengobatan penyakit ikan umumnya menggunakan antibiotik dan tanaman herbal. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui potensi antibakteri ekstrak etanol tumbuhan liar dari Sulawesi Selatan dan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak dengan berbagai konsentrasi terhadap pembentukan biofilm. Uji sensitivitas antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi cakram dan mikrodilusi. Uji penghambatan pembentukan biofilm dilakukan dengan metode microtiter plate dan cover slip dilanjutkan visualisasi 3D menggunakan software ImageJ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, uji sensitivitas ekstrak etanol Ammannia baccifera dan Breynia virgata menghasilkan zona hambat terhadap kedua bakteri pada konsentrasi 0,2 g/mL, 0,4 g/mL, dan 0,6 g/mL dengan konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) pada 1,56 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, dan 100 mg/mL serta konsentrasi bunuh minimum (KBM) pada 3,13 mg/mL,12,5 mg/mL, dan 200 mg/mL. Ekstrak etanol A. baccifera dan B. virgata konsentrasi 6,25–12,5 mg/mL menghambat pembentukan biofilm A. hydrophila dengan kuat. Ekstrak A. baccifera konsentrasi 0,78 mg/mL, 3,13 mg/mL, dan 6,25 mg/mL menghambat dengan kuat pembentukan biofilm F. columnare. Ekstrak etanol A. baccifera dan B. virgata konsentrasi 200 mg/mL meningkatkan pembentukan biofilm A. hydrophila dan F. columnare dengan kuat. Tutupan biofilm tidak dipengaruhi oleh besar atau kecilnya konsentrasi ekstrak.
Fish diseases can be caused by biofilm-forming bacteria, such as Aeromonas hydrophila and Flavobacterium columnare. Treatment of fish diseases is usually done using antibiotics and herbal plants. This study aims to determine the antibacterial potential of ethanolic extracts of wild plants from South Sulawesi and to determine the effect of giving extracts with various concentrations on the formation of biofilms. Antibacterial sensitivity test was carried out using disc diffusion and microdilution methods. The biofilm formation inhibition test was carried out using the microtiter plate and cover slip methods followed by 3D visualization using ImageJ software. The result revealed that, the sensitivity test of ethanolic extracts Ammannia baccifera and Breynia virgata inhibited both bacteria at concentrations of 0.2 g/mL, 0.4 g/mL, and 0.6 g/mL with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) at 1.56 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, and 100 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) at 3.13 mg/mL, 12.5 mg/mL, and 200 mg/mL. Ethanolic extracts of A. baccifera and B. virgata at concentrations of 6.25–12.5 mg/mL strongly inhibited the formation of A. hydrophila biofilms. Ammannia baccifera ethanolic extract concentrations of 0.78 mg/mL, 3.13 mg/mL, and 6.25 mg/mL strongly inhibited the formation of F. columnare biofilms. Ethanolic extract of A. baccifera and B. virgata with a concentration of 200 mg/mL strongly increased the biofilm formation of A. hydrophila and F. columnare. Biofilm coverage was not affected by the larger or smaller concentration of the extract."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2021
S-pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Annisa Shafira Zahra
Uji antibakteri ekstrak etanol tumbuhan liar dari Sulawesi Selatan terhadap kakteri aeromonas hydrophila chester dan flavobacterium columnare bernardet & grimont = Antibacterial test of wild plant ethanol extract from South Sulawesi against aeromonas hydrophila chester and flavobacterium columnare bernardet & grimont bacteria
"Penyakit ikan dapat disebabkan oleh bakteri pembentuk biofilm, seperti Aeromonas hydrophila dan Flavobacterium columnare. Pengobatan penyakit ikan umumnya menggunakan antibiotik dan tanaman herbal. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui potensi antibakteri ekstrak etanol tumbuhan liar dari Sulawesi Selatan dan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak dengan berbagai konsentrasi terhadap pembentukan biofilm. Uji sensitivitas antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi cakram dan mikrodilusi. Uji penghambatan pembentukan biofilm dilakukan dengan metode microtiter plate dan cover slip dilanjutkan visualisasi 3D menggunakan software ImageJ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, uji sensitivitas ekstrak etanol Ammannia baccifera dan Breynia virgata menghasilkan zona hambat terhadap kedua bakteri pada konsentrasi 0,2 g/mL, 0,4 g/mL, dan 0,6 g/mL dengan konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) pada 1,56 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, dan 100 mg/mL serta konsentrasi bunuh minimum (KBM) pada 3,13 mg/mL,12,5 mg/mL, dan 200 mg/mL. Ekstrak etanol A. baccifera dan B. virgata konsentrasi 6,25–12,5 mg/mL menghambat pembentukan biofilm A. hydrophila dengan kuat. Ekstrak A. baccifera konsentrasi 0,78 mg/mL, 3,13 mg/mL, dan 6,25 mg/mL menghambat dengan kuat pembentukan biofilm F. columnare. Ekstrak etanol A. baccifera dan B. virgata konsentrasi 200 mg/mL meningkatkan pembentukan biofilm A. hydrophila dan F. columnare dengan kuat. Tutupan biofilm tidak dipengaruhi oleh besar atau kecilnya konsentrasi ekstrak.
Fish diseases can be caused by biofilm-forming bacteria, such as Aeromonas hydrophila and Flavobacterium columnare. Treatment of fish diseases is usually done using antibiotics and herbal plants. This study aims to determine the antibacterial potential of ethanolic extracts of wild plants from South Sulawesi and to determine the effect of giving extracts with various concentrations on the formation of biofilms. Antibacterial sensitivity test was carried out using disc diffusion and microdilution methods. The biofilm formation inhibition test was carried out using the microtiter plate and cover slip methods followed by 3D visualization using ImageJ software. The result revealed that, the sensitivity test of ethanolic extracts Ammannia baccifera and Breynia virgata inhibited both bacteria at concentrations of 0.2 g/mL, 0.4 g/mL, and 0.6 g/mL with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) at 1.56 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, and 100 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) at 3.13 mg/mL, 12.5 mg/mL, and 200 mg/mL. Ethanolic extracts of A. baccifera and B. virgata at concentrations of 6.25–12.5 mg/mL strongly inhibited the formation of A. hydrophila biofilms. Ammannia baccifera ethanolic extract concentrations of 0.78 mg/mL, 3.13 mg/mL, and 6.25 mg/mL strongly inhibited the formation of F. columnare biofilms. Ethanolic extract of A. baccifera and B. virgata with a concentration of 200 mg/mL strongly increased the biofilm formation of A. hydrophila and F. columnare. Biofilm coverage was not affected by the larger or smaller concentration of the extract."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2021
S-Pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Siti Ni’amatul Muallifah
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antibakteri terhadap Bakteri Patogen-Ikan Aeromonas hydrophila dari Fraksi-Fraksi Ekstrak Etanol Herba Pothos tener Wall = Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities Assay against Fish-Pathogen Bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila of Fractions from Pothos tener Wall. Herbs Ethanolic Extract
"Infeksiloleh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila diketahui merupakanlpenyebab kematian massal yang tinggi pada sebagian besar spesies ikan air tawar. Ketidaksehatan ikan juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh stres oksidatif yang utamanya diinduksi oleh paparan polusi air. Kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada tanaman seperti senyawa fenolat telah diketahui secara signifikan berkontribusi pada kapasitas antioksidan dan terdapat hubungan dengan aktivitas antibakteri. Pada penelitian sebelumnya telah diketahui bahwa ekstrak Pothos tener Wall. memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang sedang dan mengandung senyawa polifenol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji fraksi dari ekstrak etanol herba Pothos tener Wall. yang difraksinasi dengan metode fraksinasi cair-cair menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat, dan metanol terkait aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri, serta mengidentifikasi golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada fraksi teraktifnya dan melakukan penetapan kadar fenol dan flavonoid total. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH dan FRAP. Pengujian antibakteri dilakukan terhadap bakteri patogen ikan Aeromonas hydrophila menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Fraksi teraktif diidentifikasi kandungan metabolit sekundernya dengan KLT menggunakan pereaksi semprot. Penetapan kadar fenol total dilakukan dengan metode Folin-Ciocalteu dan penetapan kadar flavonoid total dengan metode kolorimetri dengan AlCl3. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat merupakan fraksi teraktif namun tergolong lemah denganlnilai IC50 sebesar 175,0104 μg/mL dan nilai FeEAC didapat sebesar 40,4823 μmol/g. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan semua fraksi tidak memiliki penghambatan terhadap bakteri patogen ikan Aeromonas hydrophila. Hasil penapisan fitokimia secara KLT dengan penyemprotan, fraksi teraktif (etil asetat) mengandung senyawa golongan fenol, flavonoid dan terpenoid dengan kadar fenol total sebesar 64,7461 mgEAG/g dan kadar flavonoid total sebesar 34,7265 mgEK/g.
Infection by Aeromonas hydrophila known to be the cause of high mass mortality in most freshwater fish species. Fish unhealthy can also affected by oxidative stress which is mainly induced by air pollution exposure. Secondary metabolites in plants such as phenolic compounds has been known having significant effect in antioxidant capacity and has a relationship with antibacterial activity. Previous studies revealed that Pothos tener Wall. extract has moderate antioxidant activity and contains polyphenolic compounds. This study aimed to examine the fractions from the Pothos tener Wall. herbs ethanolic extract which fractionated by liquid-liquid fractionation method using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol related to antioxidant and antibacterial activity, identifying the secondary metabolite compounds in the most active fraction and determining the total phenol and flavonoid content. Antioxidant activity was tested using DPPH and FRAP methods. Antibacterial testing was carried out on the fish pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila using disc diffusion method. The most active fraction was identified its phytochemical content by TLC using spraying reagent. Determination of total phenol content was carried out by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and determination of total flavonoid content by colorimetric method with AlCl3. The antioxidant activity test results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active fraction but have weak antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 175.0104 g/mL and FeEAC value of 40.4823 mol/g. Antibacterial test showed that all fractions had no inhibition against the Aeromonas hydrophila bacterium. The results of phytochemical screening by TLC with spraying reagent, the most active fraction (ethyl acetate) contains phenolic compounds, flavonoids and terpenoids with a total phenol content of 64.7461 mgGAE/g and a total flavonoid content of 34.7265 mgQE/g."
Depok: Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Indonesia, 2021
S-pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Anggita Febrianauli
Uji aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri terhadap bakteri aeromonas hydrophila dari ekstrak etanol 70% herba bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. dengan metode ekstraksi Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) = Antioxidant and antibacterial activities assay against aeromonas hydrophila bacteria of 70% ethanolic extract from bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. herbs with Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) extraction method
"Pengendalian penyakit pada ikan merupakan aspek penting yang harus diperhatikan dalam budidaya ikan. Ikan rentan terhadap penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri serta stres oksidatif yang dapat dipicu oleh kondisi lingkungan perairan. Senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berasal dari tanaman dapat dijadikan alternatif antioksidan dan antibakteri yang aman dibandingkan dengan senyawa sintetis. Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. merupakan tanaman akuatik yang telah ditemukan secara luas pada daerah tropis dan subtropis. Pada penelitian sebelumnya diketahui bahwa ekstrak herba Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kadar flavonoid total, kadar fenol total, dan aktivitas antioksidan serta antibakteri dari herba Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. yang tumbuh di Indonesia. Herba Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. diekstraksi dengan etanol 70% menggunakan metode Ultrasound Assisted ExtractionUAE). Penetapan kadar flavonoid total dilakukan dengan metode kolorimetri AlCl3 dengan standar kuersetin. Penetapan kadar fenol total dilakukan dengan metode Folin-ciocalteu dengan standar asam galat. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH dan FRAP dengan standar asam askorbat sebagai kontrol positif. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan metode difusi cakram terhadap bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila dengan antibiotik kloramfenikol standar sebagai kontrol positif. Kadar flavonoid total yang diperoleh dari ekstrak herba Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. sebesar 2,05 mgEK/g dan kadar fenol total sebesar 8,83 mgEAG/g. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH pada asam askorbat dan ekstrak diperoleh nilai IC50 masing-masing sebesar 2,49 dan 61,47 μg/mL. Pada uji aktivitas antioksidan metode FRAP diperoleh nilai aktivitas antioksidan pada asam askorbat dan ekstrak secara berurutan yaitu 329,09 dan 0,6 g FeSO4.7H2O ekivalen/100 g. Uji aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan terbentuknya zona hambat oleh antibiotik kloramfenikol standar dan ekstrak masing-masing sebesar 30,5 dan 7,05 mm.
Disease control in fish is an important aspect that must be considered in fish farming. Fish are susceptible to diseases caused by bacterial infections and oxidative stress that can be triggered by aquatic environmental conditions. Secondary metabolite compounds derived from plants can be used as a safe antioxidant and antibacterial alternative compared to synthetic compounds. Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. is an aquatic plant that has been found widely in the tropics and subtropics region. Previous studies revealed that the extract of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wetts. herbs have antioxidant and antibacterial activity. This study aimed to determine the total flavonoid content, total phenol content, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. herbs growing in Indonesia. Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. herbs was extracted with ethanol 70% using the Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE). Determination of total flavonoid content was carried out using the AlCl3 colorimetric method with quercetin as standard. Determination of total phenol content was carried out using the Folin-ciocalteu method with gallic acid as standard. Antioxidant activity assay was carried out by DPPH and FRAP methods with ascorbic acid standard as positive control. The antibacterial activity was tested qualitatively by disc diffusion method against Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria with standard chloramphenicol antibiotic as positive control. Total flavonoid content obtained from the extract of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. herbs was 2.05 mgQE/g and total phenol content was 8.83 mgGAE/g. The antioxidant activity assay using the DPPH method of ascorbic acid and extract showed IC50 values ​​of 2.49 and 61.47 μg/mL, respectively. In antioxidant activity assay with FRAP method, the antioxidant activity values ​​of ascorbic acid and extract were 329.09 and 0.6 g FeSO4.7H2O equivalent/100 g. The antibacterial activity assay showed inhibition zones by standard chloramphenicol antibiotic and extract were 30.5 and 7.05 mm, respectively."
Depok: Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Indonesia, 2022
S-pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Bianca Priscilia
Uji aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri terhadap bakteri patogen ikan dari ekstrak etanol 70% daun kjellbergiodendron celebicum (Koord.) Merr. = Antioxidant and antibacterial activity test against pathogenic bacteria fish from 70% ethanol extract of kjellbergiodendron celebicum leaves (Coord.) Merr.
"Penyakit ikan mengkhawatirkan para pembudidaya karena dapat menurunkan kualitas ikan dan ikan meningkatkan kematian ikan. Penyakit pada ikan bisa disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri dan stres oksidatif yang disebabkan oleh kontaminan di lingkungan. Senyawa dari tumbuhan seperti polifenol yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan sekaligus antibakteri Patogen ikan sangat diminati sebagai pilihan alternatif untuk mengobati kedua penyakit tersebut.
Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya, ekstrak metanol daun Kjellbergiodendron celebicum (Coord.) Merr. terbukti mengandung senyawa polifenol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun 70% Kjellbergiodendron celebicum (Coord.) Merr. yang diekstraksi menggunakan 2 metode berbeda yaitu maserasi dan UAE untuk membandingkan hasil tes, sekaligus mengerjakan penentuan kandungan fenolik total. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode tersebut DPPH dan FRAP, serta dilakukan uji antibakteri terhadap 3 bakteri patogen pada ikan, yaitu Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella ictaluri, dan Flavobacterium columnare menggunakan metode difusi cakram kertas dan mikrodilusi. Penentuan kandungan fenolik total dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Folin-Ciocalteu dan kadar fenol yang diekspresikan dalam EAG
(Setara Asam Galat). Uji aktivitas antioksidan metode DPPH menunjukkan IC50 ekstrak dari metode maserasi 11,48 μg / mL dan 9,82 μg / mL dari UAE. Metode Nilai FRAP FeEAC ekstrak hasil maserasi 1,581,6 μmol / g dan ekstrak dari UAE sebesar 1.661,3 μmol / gr. Dalam metode difusi cakram kertas, diameter area hambat Ekstrak dari metode maserasi adalah 14 mm pada Aeromonas hydrophila, 9,7 mm pada Edwardsiella ictaluri, dan 13,3 mm di Flavobacterium columnare, sedangkan pada Metode UAE 17,3 mm di Aeromonas hydrophila, di Edwardsiella ictaluri dari 10,7 mm dan 13,8 mm di kolom Flavobacterium. Dalam metode mikrodilusi, ekstrak menunjukkan penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri pada ketiga bakteri tersebut patogen dengan MIC sebesar 781,25 µg / mL untuk diekstrak dari metode maserasi dan 390,6 μg / mL untuk ekstrak dari UAE. Dalam menentukan kandungan fenolik total dari ekstrak yang dimaserasi mengandung ekstrak 224,84 mgEAG / gr sedangkan ekstrak UEA mengandung 319,36 Ekstrak mgEAG / gr. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun 70% Kjellbergiodendron celebicum (Coord.) Merr. memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri, dan ekstrak dari metode UAE memberikan aktivitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan metode maserasi.
Fish disease worries farmers because it can reduce fish quality and fish increases fish mortality. Diseases in fish can be caused by bacterial infections and oxidative stress caused by contaminants in the environment. Compounds from plants such as polyphenols which have antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Fish pathogens are in great demand as an alternative option for treating both diseases.
Based on previous research, the methanol extract of the leaves of Kjellbergiodendron celebicum (Coord.) Merr. proven to contain polyphenol compounds. This study aims to test the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of leaves 70% Kjellbergiodendron celebicum (Coord.) Merr. which was extracted using 2 methods different namely maceration and UAE to compare test results, as well as to determine the total phenolic content. Antioxidant activity tests were carried out using the DPPH and FRAP methods, and antibacterial tests were carried out against 3 pathogenic bacteria in fish, namely Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella ictaluri, and Flavobacterium columnare using paper disc diffusion and microdilution methods. Determination of the total phenolic content was carried out using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the phenol content expressed in EAG (Gallic Acid Equivalent). The DPPH antioxidant activity test showed that the IC50 extract from the maceration method was 11.48 μg / mL and 9.82 μg / mL from the UAE. Methods The value of the FRAP FeEAC extract from maceration results was 1.581.6 μmol / g and the extract from the UAE was 1.661.3 μmol / g. In the paper disc diffusion method, the diameter of the inhibitory area of ​​the extract from the maceration method was 14 mm in Aeromonas hydrophila, 9.7 mm in Edwardsiella ictaluri, and 13.3 mm in Flavobacterium columnare, whereas in the UAE method it was 17.3 mm in Aeromonas hydrophila, in Edwardsiella ictaluri from 10.7 mm and 13.8 mm in the Flavobacterium column. In the microdilution method, the extract showed inhibition of bacterial growth in the three pathogenic bacteria with an MIC of 781.25 µg / mL for extracting from the maceration method and 390.6 µg / mL for the extract from the UAE. In determining the total phenolic content of the macerated extract contained 224.84 mgEAG / gr extract while UEA extract contained 319.36 mgEAG / gr extract. From the research results, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of the leaves of 70% Kjellbergiodendron celebicum (Coord.) Merr. has antioxidant and antibacterial activity, and the extract from the UAE method provides better activity compared to the maceration method."
Depok: Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Indonesia, 2019
S-Pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Anggita Dwi Suryani
Uji Potensi Daya Antibakteri Ekstrak N-Heksana, Etil Asetat, dan Etanol Kulit Kayu Cryptocarya Massoy (Oken) Kosterm terhadap Bakteri Patogen = Antibacterial Susceptibility Assay of N-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate, and Ethanol Extract from Cryptocarya Massoy (Oken) Kosterm Bark against Pathogenic Bacteria
"Resistensi antibiotik menjadi salah satu permasalahan kesehatan yang telah mengancam kesehatan dunia. Perkembangan resistensi antibiotik juga mengakibatkan meningkatnya permintaan agen antimikroba baru. Beberapa tahun terakhir, tanaman obat telah banyak dieksplorasi oleh para peneliti sebagai langkah awal dalam penemuan obat antimikroba baru. Bahkan, sebanyak 50% agen antibakteri yang disetujui oleh FDA berasal dari produk alami. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji potensi daya antibakteri dari ekstrak kulit kayu masoyi yang diperoleh dengan metode Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat, dan etanol 96% terhadap bakteri patogen yaitu Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, serta Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya, ekstrak etanol, etil asetat, dan n-heksana kulit kayu masoyi menunjukkan adanya aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri patogen seperti E. coli, S. typhimurium, B. cereus, dan S. aureus. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan dua metode yaitu metode difusi cakram kertas dan metode makrodilusi. Hasil dari uji difusi cakram kertas menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksana memiliki aktivitas antibakteri lebih baik dengan potensi lemah hingga kuat (1,05-10,33 mm) dibandingkan dengan ekstrak etil asetat (0,82-4,63 mm) dan etanol 96% (0,5-3,81 mm) yang hanya berpotensi lemah terhadap bakteri S. aureus, S. epidermidis, dan P. aeruginosa. Konsentrasi hambat minimal ditentukan dengan metode makrodilusi. Hasil uji makrodilusi menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksana, etil asetat, dan etanol 96% semuanya menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri yang lemah dengan nilai KHM > 1.000 µg/mL terhadap bakteri S. aureus, S. epidermidis, dan P. aeruginosa.
Antibiotic resistance is one of the health problems that has threatened global health. The development of antibiotic resistance has also led to an increased demand for new antimicrobial agents. In recent years, medicinal plants have been extensively explored by researchers as a first step in the discovery of new antimicrobial drugs. As many as 50% of FDA-approved antibacterial agents are derived from natural products. This study aimed to test the antibacterial potential of masoyi bark extract obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol 96% as solvents against pathogenic bacteria, i.e., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Previously, extracts of ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane from masoyi bark were reported for antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli, S. typhimurium, B. cereus, and S. aureus. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using two methods, which were the disc diffusion method and the macro dilution method. The results of the paper disk diffusion test showed that the n-hexane extract had a better antibacterial activity with weak to strong potency (1.05-10.33 mm) than the ethyl acetate extract (0.82-4.63 mm) and ethanol 96% extract (0.5-3.81 mm) which had only a weak potential against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and P. aeruginosa. Minimum inhibition concentration was determined by a macro dilution method. The results showed that the extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol 96% all exhibited weak antibacterial activity with MIC values > 1,000 µg/mL against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and P. aeruginosa bacteria."
Depok: Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Indonesia, 2022
S-pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Tatik Mufidah
Pengembangan metoda elisa dan teknik deteksi cepat dengan imunostik terhadap antibodi anti aeromonas hydrophila = Development of elisa method and rapid detection using imunostick to detect antibody against aeromonas hydrophila / Tatik Mufidah
"[ABSTRAK
Aeromonas hydrophila merupakan foodborne dan waterborne patogen, yang banyak
ditemukan pada lingkungan perairan. Bakteri ini dapat menginfeksi manusia, hewan
teresterial dan hewan air seperti ikan mas, Infeksi A. hydrophila dapat mengakibatkan
komplikasi gastrointestinal dan non-gastrointestinal pada manusia dengan penularan
terjadi secara oral maupun luka yang terinfeksi bakteri. Sedangkan infeksi A.
hydrophila pada ikan mas dapat menjadi sumber penularan ke manusia dan
mengakibatkan kematian ikan mas budidaya yang berdampak pada kerugian ekonomi.
Hingga saat ini informasi mengenai infeksi A. hydrophila pada manusia masih jarang
dilaporkan. Hal tersebut dapat terjadi karena hingga saat ini metode diagnosa antibodi
anti A. hydrophila belum banyak berkembang, sedangkan uji kekebalan penting bagi
skrining, diagnosa banding dan uji konfirmasi terhadap infeksi A. hydrophila. Untuk
itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metode ELISA dan uji deteksi
cepat berdasarkan modifikasi ELISA menggunakan imunostik untuk mendeteksi
antibodi anti A. hydrophila. Sebagai hewan uji digunakan enam ekor kelinci (New
Zeland White) dan enam ekor ikan mas (Cyprinid carpio) yang diimunisasi dengan
antigen sel utuh bakteri A. hydrophila yang diiaktivasi dengan formalin 0,3%.
Imunisasi pada ikan mas dilakukan secara intraperitoneal, diulang satu minggu setelah
imunisasi pertama, sedangkan imunisasi pada kelinci dilakukan satu kali dengan
emulsi antigen dan Freund?s complete adjuvant kemudian dilanjutkan dengan dua kali
booster menggunakan emulsi antigen dan Freund?s incomplete adjuvant. Koleksi
serum hewan uji dilakukan setiap minggu hingga minggu ke-6 dari koleksi serum
pertama. Hasil optimasi terhadap uji ELISA menunjukkan bahwa uji ELISA yang
dikembangkan mampu mendeteksi antibodi anti A. hyrophila, demikian pula dengan
imunostik yang dirakit mampu memdeteksi antibodi anti A. hyrophila pada serum ikan
mas dan kelinci.
ABSTRACT
Aeromonas hydrophila is foodborne and waterborne pathogens. The bacteria that
occur ubiquitously and autochthonously in aquatic environments. These bacteria can
infect humans, animals terrestrial and aquatic animals such as goldfish, infection of A.
hydrophila can lead to complications of gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal
infection in humans and transmitted by oral and infected wounds contamination. The
infected carp with A. hydrophila is a source of transmission to humans, resulting in the
death of farmed fish that have an impact on economic disadvantage. Till now there are
lacking information of A. hydrophila infection in humans reported. This can be occur
because to the current diagnostic methods antibodi A. hydrophila undeveloped, while
the immunity test is important for screening, differential diagnosis and confirmation
test of A. hydrophila infection. Therefore, the aims of this research is to develop
ELISA methods and rapid detection test based on the modified ELISA using
imunostick to detect antibodies against A. hydrophila. For animals models, 6 rabbits
(New Zeland White) and 6 carp (Cyprinid carpio) were immunized with whole cell
antigen A. hydrophila bacteria which inactivated using 0.3% formalidehide. Carp
immunized intraperitoneally with antigen, and repeated one week after the first
immunization, whereas immunization in rabbits done once with antigen emulsion and
Freund's complete adjuvant followed by two booster using emulsion of antigen and
Freund's incomplete adjuvant. Collection of animal serum done every week, till the
sixth week from the first serum collection. The results of the optimization of the
ELISA test showed that the developed ELISA test is able to detect antibodies against
A. hyrophila, as well as the assembled imunostik capable to detect antibodies against
A. hyrophila both in carp and rabbit serum respectively, Aeromonas hydrophila is foodborne and waterborne pathogens. The bacteria that
occur ubiquitously and autochthonously in aquatic environments. These bacteria can
infect humans, animals terrestrial and aquatic animals such as goldfish, infection of A.
hydrophila can lead to complications of gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal
infection in humans and transmitted by oral and infected wounds contamination. The
infected carp with A. hydrophila is a source of transmission to humans, resulting in the
death of farmed fish that have an impact on economic disadvantage. Till now there are
lacking information of A. hydrophila infection in humans reported. This can be occur
because to the current diagnostic methods antibodi A. hydrophila undeveloped, while
the immunity test is important for screening, differential diagnosis and confirmation
test of A. hydrophila infection. Therefore, the aims of this research is to develop
ELISA methods and rapid detection test based on the modified ELISA using
imunostick to detect antibodies against A. hydrophila. For animals models, 6 rabbits
(New Zeland White) and 6 carp (Cyprinid carpio) were immunized with whole cell
antigen A. hydrophila bacteria which inactivated using 0.3% formalidehide. Carp
immunized intraperitoneally with antigen, and repeated one week after the first
immunization, whereas immunization in rabbits done once with antigen emulsion and
Freund's complete adjuvant followed by two booster using emulsion of antigen and
Freund's incomplete adjuvant. Collection of animal serum done every week, till the
sixth week from the first serum collection. The results of the optimization of the
ELISA test showed that the developed ELISA test is able to detect antibodies against
A. hyrophila, as well as the assembled imunostik capable to detect antibodies against
A. hyrophila both in carp and rabbit serum respectively]"
2015
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Dinda Annisa Ramadhani
Uji aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri terhadap bakteri patogen ikan dari ekstrak daun eleocharis dulcis hensch = Antioxidant and antibacterial activities assay against fish pathogen bacteria of eleocharis dulcis hensch. leaves extract
"ABSTRACT
Penyakit ikan merupakan salah satu masalah serius dalam budidaya ikan. Penyakit ikan dapat disebabkan oleh faktor infeksi (yaitu bakteri) dan faktor non infeksi (yaitu kondisi lingkungan). Karena itu, perlu diberikan senyawa antioksidan dan antibakteri untuk ikan. Eleocharis dulcis atau dikenal sebagai purun tikus/chinese water chesnut adalah tanaman air dari Asia Tenggara yang biasa ditemukan di rawa-rawa. Dalam penelitian sebelumnya, ekstrak metanol daun Eleocharis dulcis menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan dan ekstrak etanol Eleocharis dulcis peel dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri terhadap Aeromonas hydrophila, Flavobacterium columnare, Edwardsiella ictaluri dan untuk menentukan kandungan fenolik total dari ekstrak etanol 70% daun Eleocharis dulcis yang diperoleh dari dua metode ekstraksi yaitu maserasi dan UEA. Uji aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode DPPH dan FRAP. Uji aktivitas antibakteri diukur menggunakan metode difusi cakram dan mikrodilusi. Total konten fenolik ditentukan secara spektrofotometri menurut metode Folin-Ciocalteu. Nilai IC50 dari metode DPPH adalah 46,91 dan 41,00 ppm untuk ekstrak dari maserasi dan metode UEA, masing-masing. Nilai FeEAC dari metode FRAP adalah 223,11 dan 317,95 μmol/g untuk ekstrak dari maserasi dan metode UEA, masing-masing. Dalam metode difusi, zona hambat untuk ekstrak dari maserasi dan metode UEA adalah 7 mm dan 8,8 mm terhadap Aeromonas hydrophila kemudian 6,4 mm dan 7 mm terhadap Flavobacterium columnare. Dalam metode mikrodilusi, nilai MIC adalah 1,56 mg/mL terhadap Aeromonas hydrophila untuk kedua metode ekstraksi. Selain itu, terhadap Flavobacterium columnare dan Edwardsiella ictaluri menunjukkan nilai MIC yang sama, yaitu 6,25 mg/mL untuk ekstrak maserasi dan 3,12 mg/mL untuk ekstrak UEA. Total konten fenol adalah 79,08 mg GAE/gram dan 85,02 mg GAE/gram masing-masing untuk metode maserasi dan UEA. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode ekstraksi UEA dapat memperoleh ekstrak daun Eleocharis dulcis dengan aktivitas yang lebih baik, yaitu aktivitas antioksidan yang kuat meskipun aktivitas antibakteri yang lemah terhadap Aeromonas hydrophila, Flavobacterium columnare dan Edwardsiella ictaluri.
ABSTRACT
Fish disease is one of the serious problems in fish farming. Fish disease can be caused by infectious factors (ie bacteria) and non-infectious factors (ie environmental conditions). Therefore, it is necessary to provide antioxidant and antibacterial compounds for fish. Eleocharis dulcis or known as purun rat/chinese water chesnut is an aquatic plant from Southeast Asia commonly found in swamps. In a previous study, Eleocharis dulcis leaf methanol extract showed antioxidant activity and ethanol extract of Eleocharis dulcis peel was reported to have antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, Flavobacterium columnare, Edwardsiella ictaluri and to determine the total phenolic content of 70% ethanol extract of Eleocharis dulcis leaves obtained from two extraction methods namely maceration and UAE. The antioxidant activity test was determined using the DPPH and FRAP methods. Antibacterial activity test was measured using the disk diffusion and microdilution methods. The total phenolic content was determined spectrophotometrically according to the Folin-Ciocalteu method. IC50 values ​​from the DPPH method were 46.91 and 41.00 ppm for extracts from maceration and the UAE method, respectively. The FeEAC values ​​from the FRAP method were 223.11 and 317.95 μmol/g for extracts from maceration and the UAE method, respectively. In the diffusion method, the inhibitory zone for extracts from maceration and the UAE method are 7 mm and 8.8 mm against Aeromonas hydrophila then 6.4 mm and 7 mm against Flavobacterium columnare. In the microdilution method, the MIC value is 1.56 mg/mL against Aeromonas hydrophila for both extraction methods. In addition, the Flavobacterium columnare and Edwardsiella ictaluri showed the same MIC value, ie 6.25 mg/mL for maceration extract and 3.12 mg/mL for UAE extract. The total phenol content was 79.08 mg GAE/gram and 85.02 mg GAE/gram respectively for maceration and UAE methods. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the UAE extraction method can obtain Eleocharis dulcis leaf extract with better activity, namely strong antioxidant activity despite weak antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, Flavobacterium columnare and Edwardsiella ictaluri.
"
2019
S-Pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Esti Handayani Hardi
Prevention methods against aeromonas hydrophila and pseudomonas fluorescens infection in tilapia
"This research evaluated a method involving provision of a concoction of Boesenbergia pandurata, Solanum ferox dan Zingimber zerumbet extracts for pathogen prevention in tilapia. The concentration of each extract was 600 ppm of Boesenbergia pandurata/BP, 900 ppm of Solanum ferox/SF and 200 ppm of Zingimber zerumbet/ZZ. The examination was performed by issuing two combinations of extracts (SF:BP, SF:ZZ) against Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens (105 CFUmL-1). Preventive trials were carried out by providing a concoction of extracts through intraperitoneal injection (0.1 mL/fish) in tilapia (15±2 g) and the immersion method was performed by bathing the fish in the extracts for 20 minutes, with pathogen challenging during the following 24 h being carried out. The composition of the used extract was by SF60:ZZ40; SF50:ZZ50; BP90:SF10; BP50:SF50; and fish without being given the extract. Haematology and immunology parameters were observed at the 4th week after challanges with pathogenic bacteria. The number of white blood cells (WBCs) increased significantly (P <0.05) compared to controls without extract, with a similar increase observed for red blood cell (RBCs), but heamatocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) values did not significantly increase compared to control. Phagocytic index, respiratory burst and lysozyme activities also experienced a significant increase in fish fed with combined extracts compared to controls. The numbers of pathogenic bacteria in the body of the fish given extract were also lower than the control and significantly different at the 4th week. The results of this study indicate that giving combined extracts of SF50:ZZ50 and BP90:SF10 provides the best protection (RPS) against infection of A. hydrophila and P. fluorescent by injection of 100%. This study indicates that providing combined extracts by injection and immersion in the ratio of SF50:ZZ50 has a positive effect in increasing the non-specific immune system of tilapia and increasing protection against bacterial infections."
Bogor: Seameo Biotrop, 2020
634.6 BIO 27:3 (2020)
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Wynne Gabriella
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Isolat Laktobasil dari Kefir terhadap Bakteri Jerawat Cutibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis = Antibacterial Activity of Lactobacilli from Kefir Against Acne Bacteria Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis
"Kefir merupakan produk fermentasi susu kambing bertekstur seperti krim dan rasa masam beralkohol. Kefir merupakan salah satu bahan yang digunakan dalam pembuatan masker wajah untuk kecantikan. Jerawat merupakan suatu bentuk inflamasi pada kelenjar pilosebaseus di kulit remaja dan orang dewasa. Jerawat disebabkan adanya proliferasi bakteri penyebab jerawat, seperti Cutibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menapis isolat laktobasil yang diisolasi dari kefir kemudian menguji aktivitas antibakteri isolat laktobasil terpilih terhadap bakteri penyebab jerawat Cutibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Penelitian ini memiliki 2 tahapan utama, yaitu penapisan isolat laktobasil yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode Agar Plug Diffusion pada medium MRS Agar, dan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri isolat laktobasil terpilih menggunakan metode Cylinder Diffusion Method pada medium MRS Agar dengan optimasi hari fermentasi selama 3 hari. Hasil penapisan aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan semua isolat memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri penyebab jerawat dengan Indeks Aktivitas (IA) tertinggi dimiliki oleh isolat KNB4. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri isolat KNB4 menunjukkan fermentasi paling optimal pada hari ke-3.
Kefir is a fermented goat's milk product with a creamy texture and sour alcoholic taste, one of the ingredients used in making beauty facial masks. Acne is a form of inflammation of the pilosebaceous glands in the skin caused by the proliferation of acne-causing bacteria, such as Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. This study aims to screen lactobacilli isolates isolated from kefir and then test the antibacterial activity of selected lactobacilli isolates against acne-causing bacteria Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. This study has 2 main steps, screening of lactobacilli isolates that have antibacterial activity using the Agar Plug Diffusion method on MRS Agar medium, and testing the antibacterial activity of selected lactobacilli isolates using the Cylinder Diffusion Method on MRS Agar medium with optimization of fermentation days for 3 days. Screening for antibacterial activity showed that all isolates had antibacterial activity against acne-causing bacteria with the highest Activity Index belongs to KNB4. Antibacterial activity test of KNB4 isolates showed the most optimal fermentation on the 3rd day."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2023
S-pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
<<   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10   >>