Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

""ASEAN economic cooperation and integration have come a long way since the organisation's early days, when cooperation was more political and diplomatic than economic in nature. ASEAN now constitutes the most ambitious organization of regional cooperation in the developing world. This book investigates the economics of various ASEAN and ASEAN-centric economic integration initiatives, focusing in particular on the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). In addition to assessing the potential effects of the AEC on the economies of the ten ASEAN member-states via changes in trade, foreign direct investment and economic structure, this book underscores the implementation challenges ASEAN faces as it completes the AEC project. It also considers the AEC in the context of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). This comprehensive study is written for academic researchers and students, as well as for policy makers in ASEAN as they chart the future policy path of the region"--"This innovative book series evaluates the community-building processes of ASEAN to date and offers a conceptual and policy toolkit for broader Asian thinking and planning of different legal and institutional models of economic and political regional integration in the region"--"

"

---

ABSTRACTASEAN leaders proclaimed to create an ASEAN Economic Community by 2015. But achieving the target requires cooperation and coordination both within and among the ten ASEAN economies. Currently, with countries having varying considerations towards complete liberalization, protectionism still persists in certain sectors of the economies. A lot of work needs to be done in addressing the domestic reforms, the gaps in infrastructure, the lack of human resources and adequate institutions. Moreover, it is the businesses whose decisions and actions will help the region to achieve an effective integration. The policymakers have vital roles to play in raising the engagement of the private businesses in ASEAN matters. As time is limited, one way for ASEAN is to focus on "core" elements of integration and implement them earnestly in the shortest possible time. The rest of the process, as envisaged in the AEC Blueprint, can follow beyond 2015. This book examines the state of readiness of the member countries for regional integration and discusses the challenges to ASEAN businesses. It gives policy recommendations to address some of the issues faced by the key stakeholders. "

"ASEAN leaders proclaimed to create an ASEAN Economic Community by 2015. But achieving the target requires cooperation and coordination both within and among the ten ASEAN economies. Currently, with countries having varying considerations towards complete liberalization, protectionism still persists in certain sectors of the economies. Lot of work needs to be done in addressing the domestic reforms, the gaps in infrastructure, the lack of human resources and adequate institutions. Moreover, it is the businesses whose decisions and actions will help the region to achieve an effective integration."

"Setelah berdiri selama 38 tahun, Asosiasi Negara-Negara Asia Tenggara (ASEAN) telah mendorong upaya integrasi ekonomi dan pencapaian visi bersama untuk mewujudkan masyarakat yang lebih baik bagi negara-negara anggotanya .Bidang-bidang kerjasama yang menjadi perhatian ASEAN antara lain; bidang sosial, budaya dan penanggulangan kejahatan transnasional.Dalam membina hubungan dengan Uni Eropa (EU), ASEAN telah menempatkan integrasi ekonomi sebagai hal yang paling utama. Meskipun EU dan ASEAN memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda, kerjasama antara dua organisasi regional ini mampu berkembang sehingga meliputi berbagai bidang lain di luar ekonomi."

"ABSTRAKCita-cita besar negara-negara di daratan Eropa untuk membentuk kerja sama yang membawahi bidang politik dan ekonomi diwujudkan dalam berbagai perjanjian dan perserikatan sejak dibentuknya European Coal and Steel Community 1951 . Kerja sama ini menjadi cikal bakal Uni Eropa dan bentuk integrasi penuh Uni Eropa adalah pemberlakuan mata uang tunggal. Pemberlakuan ini memunculkan berbagai reaksi dari sektor sosial, politik, dan ekonomi, tak terkecuali di Prancis. Pemberlakuan euro pada masa pemerintahan Jacques Chirac ini memacu perekonomian Prancis menjadi lebih baik meskipun dalam sektor sosial dan politik terdapat golongan yang kontra terhadap integrasi ini.

---

ABSTRACTThe ambitions of the countries in mainland Europe to establish a partnership that oversees the political and economic fields embodied in treaties and alliances beginning with the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community 1951 . This cooperation became the forerunner of the European Union and the form of its full integration is the adoption of the single currency. Implementation of this integration has led to various reactions from the social, political, and economic sectors, not least in France. Adoption of the euro single currency during the reign of Jacques Chirac sparked improvement of the French economy but nonetheless the social and political sectors disagree with this integration."

"Pada November 2022, negara anggota ASEAN-5 menandatangani Memorandum of Understanding Advancing Regional Payment Connectivity yang menandakan terjadinya inisiatif pembentukan sistem pembayaran antar wilayah yang terintegrasi, salah satunya berbentuk sistem pembayaran berbasis QR-Code. Kesepakatan dan inisiatif ini menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai legalitas integrasi sistem pembayaran dan bagaimana keberadaan kedaulatan negara, sehingga terdapat dua masalah yang akan dianalisis yaitu bagaimana inisiatif Regional Payment Connectivity ASEAN-5 menurut perspektif hukum perdagangan internasional dan bagaimana konsep penggunaan teknologi QRIS dalam integrasi pembayaran regional ASEAN.Kedua permasalahan tersebut akan dianalisis menggunakan metode penelitian notmatif karena objek yang diteliti merupakan norma hukum mengenai pengaturan regional payment connectivity dengan mengacu pada hukum perdagangan internasional. Adapun jenis pendekatan yang digunakan untuk menganalisis permasalah diatas adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif.Hasil penelitian dan analisis yang dilakukan menujukkan bahwa Memorandum of Understanding Advanced Regional Payment Connectivity merupakan upaya mencapai integrasi ASEAN yang sebagaimana tertuang dalam ASEAN Leaders’ Declaration on Advancing Regional Payment Connectivity and Promoting Local Currency Transaction pada dan Joint Statement of the 10th ASEAN Finance Minsters’ and Central Bank Governors’ Meeting (AFMGM) dengan ketentuan yang diatur dalam AFIF dan ATiSA untuk meningkatkan integrasi dan efisiensi sistem pembayaran, mempercepat pelaksanaan pasar tunggal ASEAN, dan meningkatkan kekuatan ekonomi regional di mata dunia. Perwujudan kedaulatan dalam sistem pembayaran berstandar QRIS terdapat pada pada konversi mata uang yang dapat langsung ditransaksikan tanpa perlunya mata uang ketiga sehingga biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk pemrosesan transaksi menjadi rendah dan negara dapat menguasai sepenuhnya sistem pembayarannya sehingga dapat mendorong penguatan juga kedaulatan mata uang negara. Selain itu pengelolaan sepenuhnya terhadap skema transaksi, biaya transaksi, perizinan atas lembaga keuangan, hingga fungsi pengelolaan National Merchant Repository. Pengelolaan National Merchant Repository di dalam negeri mencerminkan kedaulatan negara atas keamanan transaksi dan teknologi QRIS karena penatausahaan dan pengolahan data dilakukan didalam negeri.

---

In November 2022, ASEAN-5 member countries signed a Memorandum of Understanding Advancing Regional Payment Connectivity which indicates an initiative to form an integrated inter-regional payment system, one of which is in the form of a QR-Code-based payment system. These agreements and initiatives raise questions regarding the legality of payment system integration and how the existence of state sovereignty, there are two issues that will be analyzed, namely how the ASEAN-5 Regional Payment Connectivity initiative is from the perspective of international trade law and how is the concept of using QRIS technology in ASEAN regional payment integration.

Both of these problems will be analyzed using a normative research method because the object under study is a legal norm concerning regional payment connectivity arrangements regarding international trade law. The type of approach used to analyze the problems above is a normative juridical approach.

The results of the research and analysis show that the Memorandum of Understanding Advanced Regional Payment Connectivity is an effort to achieve ASEAN integration as stated in the ASEAN Leaders' Declaration on Advancing Regional Payment Connectivity and Promoting Local Currency Transaction and the Joint Statement of the 10th ASEAN Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors' Meeting (AFMGM) with the provisions stipulated in AFIF and ATiSA to increase payment system integration and efficiency, accelerate the implementation of the ASEAN single market, and increase regional economic strength in the eyes of the world. The embodiment of sovereignty in the QRIS standard payment system is in currency conversion which can be directly transacted without the need for a third currency so that the costs required for processing transactions are low and the state can fully control the payment system so that it can also encourage the strengthening of the sovereignty of the state's currency. Apart from that, full management of transaction schemes, transaction fees, licensing of financial institutions, as well as the management function of the National Merchant Repository. Domestic management of the National Merchant Repository reflects state sovereignty over transaction security and QRIS technology because data administration and processing are carried out within the country."

"Pasca proses perluasan keanggotaan di akhir dekade 1990-an, diversitas ASEAN telah semakin meningkat baik secara politik maupun ekonomi. Kondisi ini telah memunculkan kondisi two-tiered ASEAN dimana terdapat kesenjangan pembangunan yang besar antara ASEAN-6 dan CLMV. Hal ini menghambat upaya negara-negara anggota ASEAN dalam mencapai Komunitas Ekonomi ASEAN 2015. Berkaitan dengan hal ini, IAI dirancang sebagai sebuah instrumen kerjasama pembangunan regional dalam mempersempit kesenjangan pembangunan di antara negara-negara anggota ASEAN maupun di dalam negara-negara tersebut serta untuk mempercepat integrasi ekonomi negara-negara yang baru bergabung dengan ASEAN (Kamboja, Laos, Myanmar dan Vietnam). Semenjak implementasinya pada tahun 2002 hingga sekarang, masih terdapat kesenjangan pembangunan yang signifikan, khususnya antara ASEAN-6 dan CLMV. Berkaitan dengan hal ini, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menghambat IAI dalam mempersempit kesenjangan pembangunan di ASEAN.

---

Following the enlargement process in the late 1990 decade, ASEAN has become increasingly diverse, politically and economically. This condition has generated two-tier ASEAN where the wide development gap exists between ASEAN-6 and CLMV. It obstructs the effort of ASEAN member states in achieving ASEAN Economic Community in 2015. In this regard, IAI is designed as an instrument of regional development cooperation in narrowing development gap among and within ASEAN member states as well as accelerating the economic integration of the newer member states. Notwithstanding, since the implementation in 2002 until now, the development gap, especially between ASEAN-6 and CLMV, remains significant. In this regard, this research aims to explore and examine some factors that inhibit IAI in narrowing the development gap in ASEAN."