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"Information of the variability and heritability of quantitative characters on local mungbean germplasm are important for supporting breeding program. A total of 98 local mungbean varieties or accessions were evaluated at Cikeumeuh Experimental Farm,Bogor, during wet season of 2005. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replications. Each variety was planted in three rows of four meters long. Plant spacing was 40x20 cm, each hill contained two plants. The differences among the varieties were significant for all the characters studied, except for number of seeds per pod and pod length. High yielding varieties were recorded from Demak, Belu, Pati, and Jeneponto. These varieties had a combination of high number of pods per plant, large seed size and early maturity.Seeds weight per plant, pods per plant and seed size had high heritability and expected genetic advance.While the heritability and expected genetic advance for number of branches, pod length, and seeds per pod were all low. Plant height had a high genotypic variance associated with high heritability and high expected genetic advance. Similarly for days to flowering and days to maturity is genotypic in nature with high heritability coupled with a low expected genetic advance for days to flowering and moderate expected genetic advance for days to maturity. Pods per plant, seed size and seed weight per plant had a high genotypic variance associated with high heritability. The genetic advance of these characters predicted that the greatest gain for one generation of selection would be obtained by selection for pods per plant (45.07%), seed size (41.88%) and seed weight per plant (37.03%)."

"Kacang hijau (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) mengandung fitoestrogen berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai pengobatan preventif dan alternatif osteoporosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian sari kacang hijau (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) terhadap densitas tulang dengan mengukur kadar kalsium femur menggunakan metode Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom (SSA) dan jumlah osteoklas dari preparat histologi yang dibuat dari bagian tibia tikus yang diovariektomi.Metode ovariektomi digunakan untuk mewakili kondisi osteoporosis yang dilakukan pada 36 tikus betina galur Sprague Dawley yang terbagi ke dalam 7 kelompok. Kelompok 1 (K1) yaitu kelompok Sham adalah kontrol tikus dengan pembedahan tanpa ovariektomi dan akuades, kelompok 2 (K2) yaitu kontrol negatif tikus ovariektomi dan diberi akuades, kelompok 3 (K3) adalah kontrol tikus ovariektomi yang diberi Estradiol, kelompok 4 (K4) adalah kontrol tikus ovariektomi yang diberi vit E, kelompok K5, K6, dan K7 adalah kelompok tikus yang diberikan sari kacang hijau 50 g/100 ml dengan variasi volume 5 ml/200 gBB, 2,5 ml/200 gBB, dan 1,25 ml/200 gBB tikus. Terhadap 6 kelompok kecuali kelompok sham dilakukan ovariektomi pada hari ke-1 kemudian diistirahatkan selama 20 hari. Bahan uji diberikan satu kali sehari secara oral pada hari ke 21 sampai hari ke 50. Pengukuran kadar kalsium dilakukan pada hari ke 51.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sari kacang hijau tidak memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar kalsium tulang dan jumlah osteoklas terhadap hewan perlakuan.

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Greenbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) contained phytoestrogen suspected has a potential effect as an preventive and alternative treatment of osteoporosis. This study proposed to determine the effect of extracts of mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) on bone density by measuring calcium levels using Atomic Absorption Spectrofotometry (AAS) from femur and the number of osteoclasts collected from histological object which made from ovariectomized rat?s tibia.Ovariectomy method conducted to represent the osteoporosis condition on 36 female Sprague Dawley strain rats were divided into 7 groups. Group 1 notice as Sham was the rat control with surgery without ovariectomy and given with distilled water, group 2 as negative control is given distilled water and ovariectomized rat control, group 3 rat positive control were ovariectomized and is given estradiol, group 4 as positive control 2 rat were ovariectomized given vitamine E. Group 5, 6, and 7 are given the greenbean milk from 50 g/100 ml green bean by volume variation 5 ml/200 gBW, 2.5 ml/200 gBW, and 1.25 ml /200 gBW. Six groups had ovariectomized except sham group and rested for 20 days. Greenbean milk was given orally once daily started from day 21th until day 50th. Calcium concentration and osteoclas measurements process taken on day 51th.The results of bone calcium levels and osteoclast number showed that greenbean milk did not give significant differences among ovariectomized rats."

"One of the greatest affected factors towards the growth of V. radiata is consideret as the availability of water. Obviously, less production of V. radiata is due to short water supply...."

"Pangan fungsional adalah pangan yang dapat memenuhi asupan harian dan memberikan manfaat kesehatan. Probiotik merupakan salah satu komponen pangan fungsional berupa sel bakteri hidup yang dalam jumlah tertentu dapat memberikan manfaat kesehatan. Selain pada fermentasi makanan, bakteri asam laktat juga dimanfaatkan dalam fermentasi minuman seperti fermentasi sari kacang hijau. Isolat bakteri asam laktat TM2 adalah bakteri asam laktat yang diisolasi dari tapai ketan hitam dan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri filtrat hasil fermentasi terhadap Bacillus cereus dan Klebsiella oxytoca. Medium kacang hijau dibuat dengan cara merendam kacang hijau selama 12 jam kemudian direbus dan disaring. Selanjutnya starter isolat BAL TM2 diinokulasikan ke dalam medium kacang hijau dan difermentasi selama 1, 2, dan 3 hari. Pertumbuhan bakteri dihitung dengan metode Total Plate Count (TPC). Pengukuran pH dilakukan dengan menggunakan pH meter sedangkan total asam diukur dengan metode titrasi. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode cylinder plate assay. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi pertumbuhan populasi bakteri asam laktat dari starter hingga hasil fermentasi hari ke-3. Medium kacang hijau mengalami penurunan pH dan kenaikan konsentrasi asam selama fermentasi. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan tertinggi pada filtrat fermentasi 2 hari terhadap Bacillus cereus (19-20 mm) dan Klebsiella oxytoca (14 mm). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah filtrat medium kacang hijau menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Bacillus cereus dan Klebsiella oxytoca. Aktivitas tertinggi didapatkan pada filtrat fermentasi 2 hari dan mengalami penurunan efektivitas pada fermentasi 3 hari. Filtrat lebih efektif menghambat pertumbuhan Bacillus cereus dibanding Klebsiella oxytoca.

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Functional food is food that meets daily intake requirements and provides health benefits. Probiotics are a component of functional food consisting of live bacterial cells that can offer health advantages. Besides food fermentation, lactic acid bacteria are also utilized in beverage fermentation, such as mung bean juice. The lactic acid bacteria isolate TM2, derived from black sticky rice tapai, exhibits high antibacterial activity. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the fermentation filtrate against Bacillus cereus and Klebsiella oxytoca. The mung bean medium was prepared by soaking the beans for 12 hours, then boiling and filtering them. Next, the LAB TM2 isolate was inoculated into the mung bean medium and fermented for 1, 2, and 3 days. Bacterial growth was measured using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. pH was measured with a pH meter, while total acidity was determined through titration. Antibacterial activity was tested using the cylinder plate assay method. The results showed growth of lactic acid bacteria from the starter culture to the third day of fermentation. The mung bean medium exhibited a decrease in pH and an increase in acid concentration during fermentation. The highest inhibitory activity was observed in the 2-day fermentation filtrate against Bacillus cereus (19-20 mm) and Klebsiella oxytoca (14 mm). In conclusion, the mung bean medium filtrate demonstrates antibacterial activity, peaking at 2 days and decreasing thereafter, with greater effectiveness against Bacillus cereus compared to Klebsiella oxytoca."