Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Fiber is not digested or absorbed in the small intestine. The main site of action of fiber is in the colon. Inthe colon, fiber will increase stool output and frequency. Increase stool water, dilute the colonic content,reduce the toxins, bile acid, increase colonic fermentation and also stimulate probiotic growth.Some meta-analysis of observational epidemologic and case contro studies have faund a protectiveeffect of dietary fiber against colon cancer that increase with intake. Therefore, the high fiber diet is healthy recommendation to prevent various gastrointestinal disorders."

"Latar Belakang : Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan salah satu faktor risiko mayor penyakit jantung koroner. Modifikasi diet saat ini telah terbukti bermanfaat sebagai terapi inisial dalam penatalaksanaan hiperkolesterolemia. Penelitian double blind contolled studi ini bertujuan untuk menilai efektifitas "soluble fiber" (serat larut) sebagai terapi tambahan diet rendah kalori pada populasi Indonesia dengan hiperkolesterolemia. Pasien pria/wanita dengan kadar kolesterol 200-300mg% dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Setelah 1 minggu periode adaptasi, pasien dirandomisasi untuk dimasukkan ke dalam kelompok terapi (soluble fiber 8.4 g/hari) atau kelompok kontrol. Penelitian dilakukan selama 8 minggu dengan tetap melanjutkan terapi diet.Hasil : Kadar kolesterol total turun 5.59% pada kelompok terapi sedangkan penurunan pada kelompok kontrol hanya 0.6% (p < 0.05). Kolesterol LDL pada kelompok terapi turun sebesar 4.22% pada kelompok terapi. Sementara pada kelompok kontrol justru meningkat sebesar 2.58% (p< 0.05). Terdapat pula penurunan kadar kolesterol HDL dalam 8 minggu (16% vs 8%) (p = 0.005). Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada indikator-indikator lain di antara kedua kelompok.Kesimpulan : Pemberian soluble fiber 8.4 g/hari dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, kolesterol LDL dan kolesterol HDL pada pria dan wanita dengan hiperkolesterolemia primer. Tidak terdapat perubahan kadar glukosa maupun elektrolit akibat konsumsi soluble fiber.

---

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease. It has been proven that nutrition management is the initial therapeutic approach in hypercholesterolemic cases. This double blind controlled study evaluated the effectiveness of "soluble fiber" as an adjunct to low energy Indonesian diet in the treatment of persons with hypercholesterolemia. Male and female with hypercholesterolemia were recruited. After run in period for one week (dietary adaptation phase), eligible subjects with serum cholesterol concentrations between 200 mg% and 300 mg% were randomly assigned to receive either 8.4 g/day ?soluble fiber? or a cellulose placebo for 8 wk while continuing diet therapy.

Results: Serum total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were decreased 5.59 % and 4.22 %. Serum total in the placebo group were decreased 0.60 %, and LDL-cholesterol were increased 2.58 % after eight wk (P < 0.05). Other outcome measures did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusions: Treatment with 8.4 g "soluble fiber" per day produces significant net reductions in serum total (5,59%) and LDL-cholesterol concentrations (4,22%), but also reduced HDL Cholesterol level significantly in male and female with primary hypercholesterolemia."

"Uji klinis acak tersamar ganda paralel ini merupakan penelitian pendahuluan, bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi serat larut dan diet rendah kalori seimbang (DRKS) selama 4 minggu terhadap kadar kolesterol low-density lipoprotein (LDL) serum pada obes I usia 30−50 tahun. Sejumlah 31 subyek dipilih dengan kriteria tertentu dan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok dengan randomisasi blok, 15 orang kelompok perlakuan (KP) dan 16 orang kelompok kontrol (KK). Subyek KP mendapat serat larut psyllium husk (PH) 8,4 g/hari dan DRKS 1200 kkal/hari, sedangkan subyek KK mendapat plasebo dan DRKS 1200 kkal/hari. Data terdiri atas usia, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), asupan zat gizi, serta kadar kolesterol LDL serum. Pemeriksaan kolesterol LDL dilakukan pada awal dan akhir penelitian. Analisis data menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan dan Mann-Whitney, batas kemaknaan 5%. Karakteristik data dasar dan sebaran subyek kedua kelompok sebanding. Analisis lengkap dilakukan pada 28 subyek (KP dan KK masing-masing 14 subyek). Suplementasi ditoleransi baik dan tidak ditemukan efek samping serius. Median usia subyek KP dan KK berturut-turut 35,0 (30−45) tahun dan 34,50 (30−48) tahun serta rerata IMT 28,0 ± 1,1 kg/m2 dan 27,2 ± 1,4 kg/m2. Rerata kadar kolesterol LDL serum awal KP 137,0 ± 37,0 mg/dL dan KK 134,4 ± 29,1 mg/dL. Defisit energi KP lebih rendah tidak signifikan (p = 0,62) dibandingkan KK, berturut-turut -282,0 ± 482,6 kkal/hari dan -331,8 ± 578,3 kkal/hari. Persentase asupan energi terhadap anjuran KP (94,2 ± 18,5%) lebih tinggi signifikan (p = 0,02) daripada KK (85,4 ± 22,9%). Asupan karbohidrat (KH) total KP (613,1 ± 134,5 kkal/hari) lebih tinggi signifikan (p = 0,02) dibandingkan KK (545,4 ± 161,1 kkal/hari). Asupan protein, lemak total, dan kolesterol KP dan KK sesuai rekomendasi NCEP-ATP III. Pada kedua kelompok, asupan asam lemak jenuh cenderung tinggi, tetapi asupan asam lemak tak jenuh tunggal dan jamak rendah. Asupan serat subyek KP 17,2 ± 2,8 g/hari dan KK 8,6 (5,2−15,2) g/hari. Dengan suplementasi PH tidak tercapai rekomendasi asupan serat. Persentase asupan KH sederhana terhadap energi total KP 11,5±5,4% lebih tinggi signifikan (p = 0,00) dibandingkan KK 6,0 (1,2524,2)%. Penurunan kadar kolesterol LDL serum KP -2,1 ± 16,2 mg/dL lebih sedikit tidak signifikan (p = 0,15) dibandingkan pada KK -10,9 ± 15,3 mg/dL. Penelitian ini belum dapat membuktikan suplementasi PH 8,4 g/hari dan DRKS 1200 kkal/hari selama 4 minggu lebih baik dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol LDL serum dibandingkan plasebo pada subyek obes I.

---

This parallel double blind randomized clinical trial is a preliminary study that aims to investigate the effect of soluble fiber supplementation 8.4 g/day and lowcalorie balanced diet (LCBD) for 4 weeks on serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level in obese I, aged 30−50 years old. A total of 31 subjects were selected using certain criteria and randomly allocated to one of two groups using block randomization; 15 subjects for treatment (T) group and 16 subjects for control (C) group, respectively. The T group received psyllium husk (PH) 8.4 g/day and LCBD 1200 kcal/day, and the C group received placebo and LCBD 1200 kcal/day. Data include age, body mass index (BMI), intake of energy, macronutrient, and fiber, as well as serum LDL cholesterol level. Serum LDL cholesterol level was examined before and after treatment. Statistical analyses include independent t-test and Mann-Whitney with significance level of 5%. Subjects characteristics of the two groups at baseline was not statistically different. Twenty eight subjects (14 subjects in each group) completed the intervention. Supplementation was well tolerated and there were no serious adverse events. The mean age in T and C group was 35.0 (30.0−45.0) and 34.5 (30.0−48.0) years, respectively, and BMI was 28.0 ± 1.1 and 27.2 ± 1.4 kg/m2, respectively. The pretreatment serum LDL cholesterol level in T and C group was 137.0 ± 37.0 and 134.4 ± 29.1 mg/dL, respectively. Energy deficit in T group was insignificantly lower (p = 0.62) than in C group; -282.0 ± 482.6 and -331.8 ± 578.3 kcal/day, respectively. Percentage of energy intake to recommendation in T group (94.2 ± 18.5%) was significantly higher (p = 0.02) than that in C group (85.4 ± 22.9%). Total carbohydrate (CHO) intake in T group (613.1 ± 134.5 kcal/day) was significantly higher (p = 0.02) than in C group (545.4 ± 161.1 kcal/day). Total protein, fat, and cholesterol intake were similar to the NCEP-ATP III recommendation in both groups. Intake of SAFA was higher than recommended, meanwhile PUFA and MUFA intake were lower than those recommended in both groups. Dietary fiber intake in T and C group was 17.2 ± 2.8 and 8.6 (5.2−15.2) g/day, respectively. During the intervention, PH supplementation did not meet the recommendation. Percentage of simple CHO to total energy in T group 11.5±5.4% was significantly higher (p = 0.00) than in C group 6.0 (1.2524.2)%. PH supplementation decreased serum LDL cholesterol level (-2.1 ± 16.2 mg/dL) lower than placebo (-10.9 ± 15.3 mg/dL), but not significant different (p = 0.15). This study shows that PH supplementation 8.4 g/day in combination with LCBD 1200 kcal/day for 4 weeks in obese I aged 30−50 years old is not proven to decrease the serum LDL cholesterol level."

"ABSTRAKDiet Rendah Gula dan Tinggi Serat sebagai Intervensi Menurunkan glukosa Darah pada   Keluarga dengan Masalah Ketidakstabilan Kadar Glukosa Darah Peningkatan jumlah penduduk dewasa di perkotaan sebagai populasi berisiko berdampak pada munculnya berbagai penyakit, diantaranya Diabetes Mellitus. Diet tidak seimbang dapat menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya Diabetes Mellitus. Tujuan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk menggambarkan keefektifan intervensi keperawatan diet rendah dan gula tinggi serat dengan pendekatan keluarga selama lima minggu dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Hasil asuhan keperawatan diperoleh penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada Ibu R dari 258 mg/dL menjadi 146 mg/dL.Kesimpulan hasil karya ilmiah ini adalah intervensi diet rendah gula dan tinggi serat dengan pendekatan keluarga efektif dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan diterapkannya intervensi diet rendah gula dan tinggi serat dengan melibatkan keluarga oleh perawat komunitas pada keluarga dengan masalah risiko ketidastabilan kadar glukosa darah.

---

ABSTRACT

Glucose Level in Family with Risk for Unstable Blood Glucose Level. The increase of adult population in urban areas as at-risk population have an impact on the emergence of various diseases, including Diabetes Mellitus. An unbalanced diet can be a risk-factor for Diabetes Mellitus. The purpose of this scientific paper is to describe the effectiveness of low sugar and high fiber diet intervention with family approach for five weeks in reducing blood glucose levels. The result obtained from nursing care show a decrease in blood glucose levels in Mrs. R from 258 mg/dL to 146 mg/dL. The conclusion is a low sugar and high fiber diet intervention with family approach was effective in reducing blood glucose levels. This results recommends the implementation of low sugar and high fiber diet intervention with family involvement by community nurses in families with a risk for unstable blood glucose levels. Diabetes Mellitus, diet, blood glucose."

"Gangguan gastrointestinal merupakan sebagain besar penyakit yang menyebabkan penderitanya mencari pertolonganmedis. Salah satu contohnya adalah mual dan muntah. Mual merupakan sensasi tidak menyenangkan dari keinginanuntuk muntah atau perasaan di tenggorokan atau daerah epigastrum yang memperingatkan seseorang bahwa muntah akansegera terjadi. Sedangkan muntah merupakan ekspulsi paksa isi lambung melalui mulut sebagai refleks proteksi dari tubuh untuk mengeluarkan zat berbahaya dari GIT sebelum dapat diserap.

---

Gastrointestinal disorder are the majority of disease that cause sufferes to seek medical help. One examples is nausea and vomiting. Nausea is the unpleasant sensation of wanting to vomit or a feeling in the throat or epigastrum area that warns a person that vomiting is imminent. Meanwhile, vomiting is the forced expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth as a protective reflex from the body to remove harmful substances from the GIT before they can be absorbed."

"Helicobacter pylori adalah patogengastrointestinal yang penting yang berkaitan dengan gastritis,ulkus peptikum, dan peningkatan risiko kanker lambung. Studiini bertujuan mencari hubungan patogen ini dengan berbagaikelainan gastrointestinal."