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"This cross sectional study was carried out in Jakarta, among institutionalized elderly aged 60 - 74 years. Rabe study reported that there is a high prevalence of low body mass index (BMI) value among the elderly in Jakarta. Ferro-Luzzi et at (1992) and James et al (1988) stated that an adult person with BMI less than 18.5 kg/m2 was proposed being chronic energy deficient (CED) and had functioning and health impairment. General aim of this study is to investigate whether low BMI among elderly is associated with adaptation in energy expenditure and had negative consequences on health. Based on James and colleague classification of BMI, two groups of elderly with different BMI value represented this study. Twenty elderly subjects with BMI < 11.00 kg/m2 (low BMI group) and 20 elderly subjects with BMI 22.0 --25.00 kg/m2 (normal BMI group). To every subject in each group was conducted questionnaires, Hb level measurement, 2 days combined record and recall daily physical activity, 2 days combined food weighing and 24-hour food recall intake, and resting energy expenditure (REE). Body composition was assessed by skinfolds technique and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using Lukaski and Deurenberg equations. Result revealed that fat mass and fat free mass of low BMI subjects are significantly lower than the normal BMI subjects. The low BMI subjects had very low fat mass. However, both groups had same PAL [1.3 X basal Metabolic rate (BMR)]. The low BMI subjects who were considered as CED had similar level of activity of daily living (ADL) as those with normal BMI subjects. Both BMI group had no significant different on the number of health complaint. On the whole, findings indicated that the CED elderly had no physical adaptation and negative consequences on health. Anyway using the cut-off point to define CED proposed by Ferro-Luzzi and colleague for Indonesian elderly needs carefully consideration. "

"Penerapan sistem pendidikan jarak jauh sebagai upaya pencegahan pandemi Covid-19 menjadi penyebab perubahan pola aktivitas mahasiswa. Mahasiswa cenderung lebih banyak menghabiskan waktunya di depan gawai untuk menjalani rangkaian perkuliahan. Aktivitas fisik rendah dan tingginya aktivitas duduk menyebabkan perubahan pada indeks massa tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan indeks massa tubuh mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan sampel 234 mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis bivariat uji chi square. Aktivitas fisik diukur menggunakan kuesioner IPAQ-SF (International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form) dan indeks massa tubuh ditentukan secara tidak langsung melalui kuesioner berat badan dan tinggi badan yang diisi secara mandiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukan aktivitas duduk rerata mahasiswa selama menjalani pendidikan jarak jauh 7,4 jam/hari. Sebagian besar mahasiswa memiliki aktivitas fisik rendah dan aktivitas fisik sedang sebesar 47,4% dan 44,9%. Hanya 7,7% mahasiswa yang mempunyai aktivitas fisik tinggi. Mayoritas Mahasiswa UI memiliki indeks massa tubuh normal 56,8%, namun tingkat kegemukan dan obesitas mahasiswa juga tinggi, masing-masing sebesar 15,8% dan 13,7%. Didapatkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dengan indeks massa tubuh mahasiswa selama pelaksanaan pendidikan jarak jauh (p value 0,024 < 0,05). Dari hasil penelitian, peneliti merekomendasikan mahasiswa untuk meningkatkan aktivitas fisiknya dan memperhatikan indeks massa tubuh yang ideal selama pelaksanaan perkuliahan daring.

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The implementation of the distance education system as an effort to prevent the Covid-19 pandemic has caused changes in student activity patterns. Students tend to spend more time in front of the device to undergo a series of lectures. Low physical activity and high sitting activity cause changes in body mass index. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between physical activity and student body mass index. This study used a cross sectional and data were collected from 234 university students. This study uses bivariate analysis of chi square. Physical activity was measured using the IPAQ-SF (International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form) and Body Mass Index was determined indirectly through a weight and height questionnaire that was filled out independently. The findings showed that the average sitting activity of students during distance learning was 7.4 hours/day. Most students have low physical activity and moderate physical activity by 47.4% and 44.9%, respectively. Only 7.7% of students have high physical activity. The majority of UI Students have a normal body mass index of 56.8%, but the overweight and obesity rates of students are also high, at 15.8% and 13.7%, respectively. It was found that there was a significant relationship between physical activity and student body mass index during the implementation of distance education (p value 0.024 <0.05). According to the findings, researchers recommend students to increase their physical activity and pay attention to the ideal body mass index during the implementation of online lectures."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Obesitas dan berat badan berlebih merupakan salah satu kondisi kesehatan yang menjadi masalah di Indonesia. Berdasarkan survey Riskesdas pada tahun 2018, sebesar 21,8% orang dewasa mengalami obesitas. Salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh ialah kurangnya aktivitas fisik, namun belum ada penelitian di Indonesia yang dapat menilai hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan peningkatan berat badan serta indeks massa tubuh pada mahasiswa tahun pertama.Tujuan: Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan perubahan berat badan dan indeks massa tubuh pada mahasiswa tahun pertama Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia.Metode: Data perubahan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) didapatkan melalui dua kali pengukuran pada awal dan akhir tahun ajaran. Data awal merupakan data sekunder dari Klinik Makara pada awal tahun ajaran dan data akhir didapatkan melalui pengukuran yang dilakukan di RIK UI pada bulan Mei 2019. Untuk data aktivitas fisik didapatkan melalui pengisian kuisioner Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) pada pengambilan data akhir. Selanjutnya, dilakukan uji chi-square untuk menilai hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kenaikan IMT.Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil analisis indeks massa tubuh pada awal dan akhir penelitian, tidak ditemukan adanya perubahan yang signifikan pada indeks massa tubuh subjek (p>0,05). Pada analisis tingkat aktivitas fisik didapatkan bahwa sekitar 27% subjek tidak melakukan aktivitas fisik sesuai dengan rekomendasi WHO, namun tidak ditemukan hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan perubahan indeks massa tubuh (p>0,05).Kesimpulan: Tidak terjadi peningkatan indeks massa tubuh yang signifikan pada mahasiswa tahun pertama Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia dan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dengan perubahan indeks massa tubuh pada mahasiswa tahun pertama Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia.

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ABSTRACT

Background: Obesity and overweight is one of the medical conditions that is still a problem in Indonesia. According to Riskesdas survey in 2018, 21,8% of adults above 18 years old are obese. One of the factor that is thought to be significant in these increases is insufficient physical activity. Howerver, there is no study about the relationship between physical activity and the increase in body mass index and body weight in Indonesian college freshmen.

Objective: The objective of this study is to find the correlation between physical activity and the change in body weight and body mass index in freshmen of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia.

Methods: The data about change in body mass index is obtained by taking measurements at the start and the end of the academic year. The initial data is a secondary data from Klinik Makara and the second data is a primary data obtained by taking measurement in May 2019 at UI Health Cluster. The data about physical activity is obtained using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) during the second measurement. Then, chi-square test is done to find the relationship among determinants and outcome.

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"Latar Belakang. Densitas tulang yang rendah pada usia lanjut antara lain dipengaruhi oleh gangguan produksi dan metabolisme vitamin D, konsumsi alkohol, aktivitas fisik yang kurang, indeks massa tubuh (IMT) yang rendah, merokok yang berlebihan dan asupan kaisium yang rendah. Asupan kalsium, indeks massa tubuh dan kapasitas fisik diketahui berpengaruh pada densitas massa tulang.Korelasi antara asupan kaisium, IMT dan kapasitas fisik dengan densitas massa tulang masih kontroversi dan di Indonesia masih belum banyak diteliti khususnya di Panti Werda.Tujuan. Mengetahui korelasi asupan kalsium, IMT, kapasitas fisik dengan densitas massa tulang lumbal dan femur wanita usia lanjut serta gambaran densitas massa tulang lumbal dan femur, jumlah asupan kalsium, gambaran IMT,dan kapasitas fisik wanita usia lanjut di Panti Werda.Metodalogi. Studi potong lintang dilakukan pada wanita usia lanjut (?60 tahun) di Panti Werda. Subyek penelitian didapat dengan metode cluster random sampling dan yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Kriteria inklusinya adalah berusia 60 tahun atau lebih, jenis keiamin perempuan, masih dapat mandiri (ADL Barthel >16), dan bersedia ikut daiam penelitian. Dilakukan uji korelasi Pearson dengan aiternatif uji korelasi Spearman jika sebaran data tidak normal untuk mengetahui korelasi antara asupan kalsium, IMT dan kapasitas fisik dengan densitas massa tulang lumbal dan femur.Hasil. Selama periode Maret-Mei 2005 dilakukan penelitian terhadap 51 wanita usia lanjut di 2 Panti Werda Jakarta dan Bekasi. Median usia 70,5 (7,5) tahun, median asupan kalsium 283 gram/hari, IMT 22,28 (4,2) kg/m2 dan kapasitas fisik sebesar 4,8(1,6) Metz. Sedangkan rerata densitas tulang lumbal 0,842(0,I64) gramlcm2 dan densitas tulang femur 0,652(0,097) grarnlcm2. Didapatkan korelasi bermakna antara IMT dengan densitas massa tulang lumbal dan femur (r = 0,677 ; p = 0,000 dan r = 0, 508 ; p = 0,000), dan tidak didapatkan korelasi antara asupan kalsium dengan densitas massa tulang lumbal dan femur (r = 0,146 ; p = 0,308 dan r = 0,096 ; p = 0,501) dan kapasitas fisik dengan densitas massa tulang lumbal dan femur (r=0,016; p=0,913 dan r=0,143 dan nilai p=0,318).Kesimpulan. Didapatkan korelasi antara IMT dengan densitas massa tulang lumbal dan femur sedangkan korelasi antara asupan kalsium dan kapasitas fisik dengan densitas tulang lumbal dan femur wanita usia lanjut di Panti Werda belum dapat dibuktikan. Prevalensi densitas tulang lumbal dan femur wanita usia lanjut di panti werda Jakarta dan Bekasi berkurang sebesar 100% dan 99,8%., asupan kalsiumnya rendah, indeks massa tubuh normal dan kapasitas fisik tingkat menengah.

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Backgrounds

Low bone density in elderly may be caused by decreased production and metabolic dysfunction of vitamin D metabolism, alcohol consumption, decreased physical activity, low BMI, excessive smoking, and low calcium intake. Calcium intake, BMI and physical capacity had already been known to have influence on BMD. The correlation between calcium intake, BMI and physical capacity with BMD is still controversial and there is not much data in Indonesia regarding of it especially in elderly population.

Objective

To investigate the correlation between calcium intakes, body mass index and physical capacity with lumbar and femoral bone mass density of elderly women in nursing homes.

Methods

A cross sectional study was conducted in elderly women in nursing homes. Subjects were obtained by cluster random sampling method and fulfilled inclusion criteria Inclusion criteria were age more than 60 years old, female, and Barthel index >16. We have done Pearson correlation test with Spearman test as alternative if data distribution was not normal.

Result

A cross sectional study was conducted on 51 elderly women in 2 nursing homes in Bekasi between March and May 2005. Median age was 70.5 years, median calcium intake 283 gram/day, BMI 22.28 ± 42 kg/m2 and physical capacity 4.8 ± 1,6 metz. Mean of lumbar BMD was 0.842 ± 0.164 gram/cm2 and mean femoral BMD was 0.652 ± 0.097 gram/cm2. We found significant correlation between BMI and lumbar and femoral BMD (r).677;p).000 and r =508; p=0.000) and there was no correlation between calcium intake and lumbar and femoral BMD (rO.146;p-0.000 and r=0.096;p=0.50 l ). There were no correlation found between physical capacity and lumbar and femoral BMD (r).016;p 0.913 and r-0.143 and p O.318).

Conclusion

This study showed correlation between BMI and lumbar and femoral BMD. We found no correlation between calcium intake and physical capacity with femoral and lumbar BMD in elderly women in nursing homes in Jakarta and Bekasi. Prevalensi of lumbar BMD and femoral BMD of elderly women in nursing homes in Jakarta was decreased (100% and 99,8%).Calcium intake was low, BMI was normal and physical capacity was moderate level."

"Ketersediaan data tentang faktor?faktor yang berhubungan dengan metabolik sindrom pada kelompok lanjut usia di Indonesia sangat terbatas. Data tersebut sangat diperlukan dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit kardiovaskular. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui prevalensi metabolik sindrom dan hubungan pengukuran antropometrik, profil lipid, tekanan darah, asupan makanan dan aktifitas fisik dengan metabolik sindrom pada kelompok lanjut usia. Suatu studi dengan rancangan ?cross sectional? dilakukan di Jakarta dengan menggunakan metoda ?multistage random sampling?. Jumlah responden 352 orang lanjut usia wanita dan 137 orang lanjut usia pria. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengukuran antropometri, analisa biokimia darah, analisa asupan makanan dan pengukuran indeks aktivitas. Prevalensi metabolik adalah 18.2% pada lanjut usia wanita dan 6.6% pada lanjut usia pria. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pada lanjut usia yang mempunyai berat badan berlebih, risiko untuk mempunyai metabolik sindrom hampir empat kali lebih tinggi dibanding lanjut usia dengan indeks masa tubuh normal (rasio odds suaian = 3.98; 95% confidence interval 2.23 - 7.10). Lanjut usia dengan plasma total kolesterol ≥ 240 mg/dl, risiko untuk mendapatkan metabolik sindrom 2.7 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan yang mempunyai plasma total kolesterol < 240 mg/dl. Sementara lanjut usia yang mempunyai rasio total kolesterol terhadap HDL kolesterol ≥ 5, risiko untuk menderita metabolik sindrom dua kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan yang rasionya < 5. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pemeriksaan profil lipid, pengukuran tekanan darah dan pengukuran antropometrik sederhana yang teratur pada kelompok lanjut usia penting dilakukan untuk mendeteksi risiko terjadinya sindroma metabolik. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:195-200)

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Available data on metabolic syndrome amongst the aged Indonesian population are limited, despite the importance of these data for cardio vascular disease (CVD) preventive measures. The objective of this study was to assess prevalence of metabolic syndrome and the associations between anthropometric measurements, lipid profiles, blood pressure, nutrient intakes and physical activity and metabolic syndrome in the elderly. A cross-sectional study was undertaken from January to April 2000 at selected Public Health Centers in Jakarta using multistage random sampling. Data were collected through anthropometric measurements, biochemical blood analysis, nutrient intake assessment and activity index. The subjects consisted of 352 females and 137 males. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among females was 18.2% and 6.6% in males. This study shows metabolic syndrome was associated with gender, body mass index, total cholesterol and the ratio of total to HDL-cholesterol. Elderly who were overweight based on body mass index (BMI) had almost a four-fold increased risk for metabolic syndrome (adjusted odds ratio = 3.98; 95% confidence interval 2.23 - 7.10). Those who had plasma total cholesterol ≥ 240 mg/dl had a 2.7 times greater risk of having metabolic syndrome than those with plasma total cholesterol < 240 mg/dl. Furthermore, in terms of the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol, those who had a ratio ≥ 5 compared to a ratio < 5 had two-fold increased risk for metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, this study shows the importance of routine checks of lipid profile, blood pressure and simple anthropometric assessment to detect the risk of metabolic syndrome in the elderly. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:195-200)"

"Background: antiretroviral drug-related liver injury (ARLI) is a drug-induced hepatotoxicity due to antiretroviral medication (ARV). It commonly disrupts compliance to treatment and causes treatment discontinuation in HIV-infected patients. Several studies have been conducted on predisposing factors for ARLI including studies on body mass index (BMI) and cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4). The association of BMI and CD4 with ARLI remains controversial as previous studies have demonstrated different outcomes. Our study was conducted to identify the association of low baseline BMI and CD4 cell count as risk factors for ARLI in HIV-infected patients. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study. Subjects were 75 patients with HIV-AIDS who received ARV therapy using fixed-dose combination (tenofovir, lamivudine, efavirenz) at the Teratai HIV outpatient clinic of Hasan Sadikin Hospital in Bandung city. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test was performed prior to starting ARV treatment and the test was repeated on the sixth month of therapy. Results: there was no significant difference on the proportion of low baseline CD4 count between ARLI and non-ARLI group (p=0.155). Bivariate analysis demonstrated that regarding the proportion of low baseline BMI, there was a significant difference between ARLI and non-ARLI group (p= 0.001). Multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed that BMI of < 18.5 kg/m2 increased the risk for developing ARLI by 5.53 fold; while CD4 cell count of < 200 cells/µL did not the risk. Conclusion: our study indicates that low baseline BMI may increase the risk for developing ARLI; while low baseline CD4 cell count does not; therefore, we suggest that ALT test should be performed on a routine basis among HIV-AIDS patients for early detection of ARLI, particularly in patients with low BMI.

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Latar belakang: antiretroviral drug-related liver injury (ARLI) adalah salah satu jenis hepatotoksisitas terkait obat yang disebabkan karena obat antiretroviral (ARV). Kejadian ARLI sering mengganggu kepatuhan berobat dan menyebabkan putus berobat pada pasien HIV. Beberapa penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mempelajari faktor predisposisi kejadian ARLI, di antaranya adalah penelitian tentang indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dan cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4). Hubungan nilai IMT dan CD4 dengan kejadian ARLI masih menjadi kontroversi karena keluaran yang berbeda dari beberapa penelitian sebelumnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan IMT dan CD4 awal yang rendah sebagai faktor risiko kejadian ARLI pada pasien HIV.

Metode: penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada 75 orang dengan HIV-AIDS (ODHA) yang mendapat terapi ARV dalam bentuk kombinasi dosis tetap (tenofovir, lamivudine, efavirenz) di Poliklinik Teratai Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin. Pemeriksaan Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) dilakukan sebelum ODHA memulai pengobatan ARV dan diulang pada bulan ke-6 pengobatan ARV.

Hasil: tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna proporsi hitung CD4 awal yang rendah antara kelompok ARLI dan kelompok non-ARLI (p=0,155). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna proporsi nilai IMT awal yang rendah antara kelompok ARLI dan kelompok non-ARLI (p=0,001). Analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik mendapatkan bahwa IMT <18,5 kg/m2 meningkatkan risiko 5,53 kali untuk terjadinya ARLI, sedangkan CD4 <200 sel/μl tidak meningkatkan risiko untuk terjadinya ARLI.

Kesimpulan: nilai IMT awal yang rendah akan meningkatkan risiko terjadinya ARLI sedangkan hitung CD4 awal yang rendah tidak meningkatkan risiko terjadinya ARLI. Oleh karena itu, kami menyarankan bahwa pemeriksaan SGPT sebaiknya dilakukan secara rutin pada ODHA sebagai deteksi dini terjadinya ARLI, khususnya pada pasien dengan IMT rendah"

"ABSTRAKMasalah berat badan menjadi epidemi kesehatan terbesar di dunia karena hampir 30% dari seluruh populasi kini mengalami obesitas (JPNN, 2014). Obesitas dapat diukur berdasarkan nilai indeks massa tubuh yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya latihan fisik. Skripsi ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain studi cross sectional yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan latihan fisik dengan indeks massa tubuh pada usia dewasa awal. Sejumlah 100 orang responden pada penelitian ini adalah anggota kelompok Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa (UKM) Olahraga Universitas Indonesia yang aktif melakukan latihan fisik minimal 2 kali dalam seminggu selama 6 bulan terakhir. Latihan fisik diukur dengan kuesioner Godin yang dimodifikasi.Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil 86% responden memiliki indeks massa tubuh normal dengan latihan fisik tingkat rendah atau latihan fisik tingkat berat yang dilakukan. Hasil penelitian bivariat dengan uji chi square menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara latihan fisik dengan indeks massa tubuh pada kelompok ini (p = 0,972, α= 0,05). Kelompok disarankan untuk mempertahankan latihan fisik yang telah dilakukan untuk menjaga indeks massa tubuh tetap normal.

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ABSTRACT

Nowadays weight problems have become world health epidemic because nearly 30% of the population is obese (JPNN, 2014). Obesity which is measured by body mass index values are influenced by several factors such as physical exercise. This study uses cross sectional design that determines the relationship of physical exercise and body mass index in early adulthood. A number of 100 respondents in this study were members in Sports Groups of the Student Activity Unit (UKM) Universitas Indonesia that exercised regularly at least 2 times a week in the last 6 months. Physical exercise is measured by Godin questionnaire that have been modified.

This study showed that 86% of respondents had a normal body mass index with low or strenuous level of physical exercise. The result of bivariate study with chi square test showed that there was no correlation between physical exercise and body mass index in this group (p = 0.972, α = 0.05). Groups are advised to maintain physical exercise that has been done to maintain normal body mass index."

"ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Prevalens obesitas anak dan remaja semakin meningkat.Obesitas merupakan masalah yang penting karena dianggap sebagai salah satufaktor risiko utama terjadinya penyakit jantung, resistensi insulin, diabetesmellitus tipe 2 (DMT2), hipertensi, dan stroke. Diperkirakan 80% anak yangmengalami obesitas akan terus mengalami kondisi tersebut pada saat dewasa.Sebelum anak mencapai pubertas, intervensi dini pada diet dan aktivitas fisissangat penting sebagai tata laksana obesitas anak. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh intervensi diet dan aktivitas fisis terhadap indeks massa tubuh (IMT), asupan makan, aktivitas fisis, dan kebugaran pada anak obesusia 6-9 tahun. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan uji pre dan pasca-intervensi pada murid SDusia 6-9 tahun di SD Marsudirini dan SD Melania Jakarta pada bulan SeptemberDesember2015. Intervensidietberupaanalisisdanedukasidietpadasubyekdanorangtua.Intervensiaktivitasfisisdiberikansebanyak3 kali60 menitpermingguselama12minggudenganintensitassedangvigorous.Pengukuran tingkataktivitas fisis menggunakan Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ-C).Pengambilan data dilakukan pada awal dan akhir penelitian dengan penambahandata IMT pada pertengahan penelitian. Hasil: 25 subyek ikut serta pada awal penelitian, 23 subyek menyelesaikanpenelitian. Pada akhir intevensi, terdapat hasil yang bermakna pada penurunanIMT -1.16 kg/m2(p<0,001), asupan makan -772,58 kkal (p<0,001), danpeningkatan 3 komponen tes kebugaran (lari 30 m, loncat vertikal, and baringduduk). Sebelas subyek mengalami penurunan IMT sehingga mencapai statusnutrisi gizi lebih. Terdapat peningkatan nilai PAQ-C 0,15, namun peningkatan initidak bermakna. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara penurunan IMT dengan kehadiranlatihan fisis dan penurunan asupan makan subyek. Simpulan : Intervensi diet dan aktivitas fisis selama 12 minggu pada anak obesusia 6-9 tahun menyebabkan penurunan IMT, asupan makan, dan peningkatankebugaran. Hasil ini menunjukkan pentingnya multidisiplin ilmu dalam tata laksana anak dengan obesitas. ABSTRACT Background: The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents has

dramatically increased. Obesity is considered as risk factor for cardiovascular

disease and associated with comorbid conditions such as insulin resistance, type 2

diabetes mellitus, hypertension and stroke. It has been observed that 80% of obese

adolescents will persist into adulthood. Early dietary and physical activity

intervention of childhood obesity is mandated before reaching puberty.

Objective: To examine the effects of 12-week dietary and physical activity

intervention on body mass index (BMI), dietary intake, physical activity, and

fitness in 6-9 years old obese children.

Methods: In this one group pre and post test design, 25 obese children were

subjected to 12-weeks dietary and physical activity intervention. All children were

between 6-9 years old and attending primary education in SD Marsudirini I and

SD Melania III. Dietary intervention were given in the form of dietary analysis

and education 4 times with 1 month interval. Physical activity intervention were

given 3 times weekly (60 minutes duration) with moderate to vigorous exercise

intensity. Measurement of physical activity was done using Physical Activity

Questionnaire (PAQ-C). Data collection were done at intial and final time of

intervention with additional of BMI on mid time of intervention.

Results: From 25 observed subjects, 23 subjects completed the program. There

were significant reduction in BMI -1.16 kg/m

2

(p<0,001), dietary intake -772,58

kkal (p<0,001), and improvement of 3 components of fitness test (30 m sprint,

vertical jump, and sit-up). Eleven subjects managed to reach BMI level for

overweight nutritional status. There was an increase in PAQ-C level 0.15

(p=0,389). However, there was no correlation between decrease dietary intake or

exercise attendance with the decrease of BMI.

Conclusions: Our data demonstrate beneficial effects of a combined dietary and

physical activity intervention among 6-9 years old obese children. These results

highlight the importance of multidisciplinary programs for the treatment of childhood obesity.

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