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"Background: Some studies suggested that colorectal cancer at young age had a distinct biological characteristic: more advanced stage at time of diagnosis, poorer differentiated, and consisted of large proportion of mucin producing tumors.Aim of the study: To analyze clinical and histopathological differences between young aged colorectal cancer patients (< 40 years old) and the older patientsMethods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted among our colorectal cancer patients in a general hospital between 1999-2004, using C.I8, C.I9, C20 ICD X code in medical record searching. It was requested that the patients had surgical treatment in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital. An inconclusive clinical staging and/or histological data were among the exclusion criteria. Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, T-test, and Mann Whitney U-test was performed to analyze the difference between patients < 40 years old and 40 years old, in respect to diagnostic staging, histological type, histological grade (differentiation), CEA level, hemoglobin, albumin, tumor location, and chief complain. With p < 0.05 was considered as significant.Results: Sixteen young aged (< 40 years old) and 72 older patients had been identified. No differences in gender proportion and mean of symptoms to diagnosis period between two groups. No statistical differences between young aged and the older patients in diagnostic staging, histological grade and type, CEA level, and hemoglobin. Young aged patients had higher albumin value at presentation (p = 0.014), all had left sided tumors (p = 0.035), more complain of anal pain (p < 0.001), and less change of bowel habits complain (p = 0.009)Conclusion: The study results had failed to confirm the difference in respect to diagnostic staging, histological type and grade, CEA level, and hemoglobin. Most of our young aged patients had left sided tumors with chief complain of anal pain, and less complain of change of bowel habits"

"ABSTRACTPurposeGeriatric surgery poses specific challenges due to patient vulnerability in relation to aging. We analyzed perioperative challenges concerning super-elderly patients with breast cancer.MethodsBetween 2013 and 2018, 908 patients with breast cancer were treated surgically. Of these, two patient groups were compared: Group A (≥ 85 years old, n = 34, 3,7%) and Group B (75-84 years old, n = 136, 15%).ResultsIn Groups A and B, 26,4% and 36,8% of patients lived alone, respectively. Group A patients had higher rates of psychiatric and cardiovascular disease (32,4% and 41,2%) than Group B (8,8% and 16,2%) (p = 0,0009 and p = 0,0031, respectively). There was no marked difference in the type of surgery or length of hospital stay between groups, and most complications involved surgical site disorders. Postoperatively, Group A had a higher rate of delirium (29,4%) than Group B (3,7%) (p < 0,0001). The 30-day postoperative mortality rate was 0, and 76,5% of Group A and 45,6% of Group B patients received no adjuvant therapy (p = 0,0024).ConclusionsAge alone does not constitute a contraindication for appropriate surgery, although there are some challenges necessary to consider for super-elderly patients."

"Kanker merupakan penyebab kematian nomor dua terbesar setelah penyakit kardiovaskular di dunia. Beberapa faktor risiko kanker leher rahim diantaranya yaitu usia, pengetahuan, kebiasaan merokok, riwayat seksual, paritas, pemakaian kontrasepsi, hereditas, kurangnya pap smear, immunocompromise dan stres. Tujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor risiko kejadian kanker leher rahim pada penderita kanker leher rahim. Metode Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian cross sectional. 100 Responden dipilih dengan metode pusposive sampling. Mayoritas responden tidak memiliki faktor keturunan kanker dan riwayat kanker sebelumnya, kontrasepsi terbanyak yang digunakan adalah kontrasepsi hormonal dengan tidak melakukan pemeriksaan rutin terhadap kontrasepsi yang digunakan. Responden tidak pernah melakukan pemeriksaan papsmear dengan mayoritas alasan tidak tahu, tidak memiliki riwayat immunocompromise, menggunakan cara yang kurang tepat dalam membersihkan alat kelamin, mempunyai pengetahuan yang baik tentang kanker leher rahim dan mayoritas responden mengalami kecemasan tingkat ringan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan informasi untuk edukasi kesehatan terhadap para perempuan dengan tujuan menekan angka kejadian kanker leher rahim.

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Cancer is the second largest cause of deadth after cardiovascular disease in the word. Several factors the risk of cervical cancer of them the age, knowledge, smoking, the acts of sexual, parity, discharging contraceptive, heredity, papsmear , immunocompromise and stress. The purpose to reveal the risk factor for cervical cancer incidence in patient with cervical cancer this research method was conducted using cross sectional study. 100 respondents were selected by pusposive sampling metode. The mayority of respondents did not have cancer heredity factors and a history of previous cancer, contraception most use is a hormonal contraception with not doing a routine of contraceptive use. Respondents never do papsmear examination with a majority do not know the reason, do not have a history of immunocompromise , using a less precise way in cleanig genitals, have a good knowledge about cervical cancer and the majority of respondents experienced mild anxiety level. This research can be used as information for health education to women with the aim of suppressing the incidence of cervical cancer. "

"Nyeri merupakan keluhan yang paling banyak dirasakan oleh pasien kanker. Manajemen nyeri kanker perlu dilakukan secara efektif sehingga dampak dari nyeri yang mungkin timbul dapat diatasi dengan tepat. Penanganan nyeri yang tepat pada akhirnya dapat meningkatkan kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan khususnya manajemen nyeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kepuasan pasien terhadap manajemen nyeri kanker. Data dianalisis dengan menggunkan proporsi. Besar sampel pada penelitian ini sebesar 107 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif Cross Sectional dari pasien rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Kanker Dharmais. Cara pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner Pain Treatment Satisfactoin Scale. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden merasa puas dengan manajemen nyeri kanker secara keseluruhan dengan presentase sebesar 79,4%. Hasil ini merekomendasikan untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kembali kualitas pelayanan manajemen nyeri, dan menjadwalkan rutin evaluasi terhadap manajemen nyeri untuk meningkatan kepuasan pasien dan menjaga kualitas pelayanan.

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Pain is one of the symptom that is most felt by cancer patients. Cancer pain needs to be manage effectively so that the cancer pain can be controlled. Adequate cancer pain management can increase the satisfaction of patient in nursing service. This study aimed to describe the patients satisfaction with cancer pain management. This study used a descriptive design, with 107 respondents from inpatients at the Dharmais Cancer Hospital. The questionnaire was used was Pain Treatment Satisfaction Scele. The result showed that most respondents were satisfied with the overall management of cancer pain by percentage 79,4%. This result recommends to maintain and to improve the quality of pain management services, and scheduling routine evaluations of pain management to improve patient satisfaction and maintain service quality."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara resiliensi dan coping pada pasien kanker. Sebanyak 70 pasien kanker menjadi partisipan dalam studi ini dengan mengisi kuisioner resiliensi dan coping. Resiliensi diukur dengan menggunakan The 14-Item Resilience Scale (RS-14) yang disusun oleh Wagnild dan Young (2009). Skor terendah dalam pengukuran resiliensi adalah sebesar 36 dan yang tertinggi adalah 53, sementara itu rata-rata skor menunjukkan skor 43,38. Selanjutnya, coping diukur dengan menggunakan alat ukur Brief COPE yang dibuat oleh Carver (1997) berdasarkan teori Lazarus dan Folkman (1984). Skor terendah dalam pengukuran coping adalah sebesar 57 dan yang tertinggi adalah 87, sementara itu rata-rata skor menunjukkan skor 72,14. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya korelasi yang positif dan signifikan antara coping dan resiliensi. Selain itu ditemukan bahwa resiliensi berhubungan lebih erat dengan jenis emotion-focused coping.

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This research was done to see the relationship between coping & resilience toward cancer patient. 70 cancer patients participated in this study by completing the questionnaires on resilience and coping. Resilience was measured by The 14- Item Resilience Scale (RS-14) measurement created by Wagnild and Young (2009). The lowest score is 36, while the highest score is 53. Beside that, the sample mean in Resilience Scale measurement is 43,38. Coping was measured by the Brief COPE measurement created by Carver (1997) based on Lazarus and Folkman's theories. The lowest score is 57, while the highest score is 87. Beside that, the sample mean in Brief COPE measurement is 72,14. The result of this research shows the existence of positive & significant correlation between resilience and coping. Other than that, the result of the research also show a higher correlation between resilience and emotion focused coping."

"Latar belakang: Pneumonia menjadi penyebab infeksi tersering yang meningkatkan mortalitas dan morbiditas pasien kanker paru. Serum procalcitonin (PCT) merupakan penanda hayati yang sering digunakan untuk mendiagnosis infeksi terutama pneumonia. Nilai titik potong kadar PCT untuk mendiagnosis pneumonia pada kanker paru sampai saat ini belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peran PCT dalam diagnosis pneumonia pada pasien kanker paru. Metode: Penelitian uji diagnostik dengan desain potong lintang terhadap pasien kanker paru dan terduga pneumonia di Instalasi Gawat Darurat dan ruang perawatan paru RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta bulan Agustus-Oktober 2018. Pneumonia ditegakkan berdasarkan panduan pneumonia yang dikeluarkan oleh Persatuan Dokter Paru Indonesia. Pemeriksaan PCT dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar PCT pada kanker paru dengan dan tanpa pneumonia serta dilakukan analisis untuk menentukan titik potong optimal kadar PCT untuk diagnosis pneumonia pada pasien kanker paru dengan menggunakan ROC. Hasil: Sebanyak 60 pasien kanker paru diikutsertakan. Pasien kanker paru dengan pneumonia sebanyak 31 orang (51,7%) dengan karakteristik laki-laki sebanyak 77,4% dan rerata usia 54,68±10,59 tahun, jenis kanker terbanyak adenokarsinoma (51,6%), stage IV (83,9%), skala tampilan 3 (45,2%), status gizi kurang (45,2%), dan bekas perokok (54,8%). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna median kadar PCT pasien kanker paru dengan pneumonia dibandingkan tanpa pneumonia [1,81 (0,08-200)μg/L berbanding 0,30 (0,05-3,67) μg/L;p<0,001]. Terdapat peningkatan kadar PCT pasien kanker paru dengan metastasis, komponen neuroendokrin, jumlah metastasis ≥ 2, metastasis hepar meskipun hasil ini tidak bermakna secara statistik. Serum PCT berperan lebih baik dibandingkan kadar leukosit dan hitung jenis neutrofil untuk membedakan antara pneumonia dan bukan pneumonia pada pasien kanker paru (p <0,001, p=0,297; p=0,290). Serum PCT memiliki akurasi yang baik dengan AUC 0,829 (IK 95% 0,722-0,935]. Titik potong optimal kadar PCT untuk mendiagnosis pneumonia pada pasien kanker paru adalah 0,65 μg/L dengan sensitivitas 77,4% dan spesifisitas 79,3%. Kesimpulan: Kadar PCT pada pasien kanker paru dengan pneumonia lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa pneumonia. Titik potong optimal kadar PCT untuk diagnosis pneumonia pada kanker paru adalah 0,65 μg/L.

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Background: Pneumonia accounts for higher morbidity and mortality than any other infections in lung cancer patients. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a clinical biomarker to diagnose infection including pneumonia. Cut off point to diagnose pneumonia in lung cancer patient still unclear. The study aims to determine the roleof PCT in diagnosing pneumonia in lung cancer patients.

Methods: Diagnostic test with cross sectional design was conducted in lung cancer patients with suspected pneumonia admitted to emergency and pulmonary ward of Persahabatan Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia between August – October 2018. A diagnosis of pneumonia was complying to the guideline provided by the Indonesian Society of Respirology. Serum PCT level (sPCT) between lung cancer patients with and without pneumonia was measured followed by statistical analysis. The optimal sPCT cut off point to diagnose pneumonia in lung cancer was determined using ROC curve.

Result: From sixty patients, lung cancer patients presented with pneumonia was found in 31 patients (51.7%) with mean age 54.68±10.59 yo, which 77.4% were males, 51.6% were adenocarcinomas, 83.9% were stage IV cases, 45.2% were patients with ECOG performance status of 3, 45.2% were underweight and 54.8% were ex-smokers. The sPCT were significantly higher in lung cancer with pneumonia compared to those without pneumonia [1.81 (0.08-200)μg/L vs 0.30 (0.05-3.67) μg/L; p<0.001]. The sPCT were higher in lung cancer accompanied with metastasis, neuroendocrine component, ≥2 metastatic sites and liver metastatic, although these results were not statistically significant. The sPCT showed a better performance in differentiating pneumonia in lung cancer compared to leucocyte count and absolute neutrophil count (p <0.001, p=0.297; p=0.290, respectively). The sPCT showed a good accuracy to diagnose pneumonia in lung cancer with AUC 0.829 (CI 95% 0.722-0.935). The optimal cut off point of sPCT to diagnose pneumonia in lung cancer was 0.65 μg/L with 77.4% sensitivity and 79,3% specificity.

Conclusion: The sPCT was significantly higher in lung cancer with pneumonia than those without pneumonia. The optimal cut off point of sPCT to diagnose pneumonia in lung cancer was 0.65 μg/L."

"ABSTRAKKeluhan yang dirasakan pasien kanker baik karena progresivitas penyakit atau efek samping pengobatan membuat kenyamanan pasien terganggu. Ketidaknyamanan pada aspek fisik, psikospiritual, sosio-kultural, finansial, dan lingkungan yang dirasakan terus menerus oleh pasien kanker dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan kenyamanan dengan kualitas hidup. Penelitian dilakukan pada 95 responden dengan teknik consecutive sampling dan dilakukan pada satu waktu cross sectional . Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat yaitu uji korelasi dan perbedaan mean. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara seluruh aspek kenyamanan dengan kualitas hidup pasien kanker p < 0.05 . Semakin tinggi ketidaknyamanan pada aspek fisik, psikospiritual, sosio-kultural, finansial, dan lingkungan maka semakin buruk kualitas hidupnya. Stadium kanker juga diketahui berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup p = .002 = 0.05, dengan semakin tinggi stadium maka semakin menurun kualitas hidup pasien. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat menjadi landasan praktik berbasis bukti untuk meningkatkan keterampilan perawat memberi kenyamanan pasien kanker. Oleh karena semakin tinggi stadium kanker membuat kualitas hidup pasien semakin menurun, perawat perlu mengoptimalkan seluruh aspek kenyamanan yang masih dapat ditingkatkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien.

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ABSTRACTCancer patients have symptoms cause by cancer progressivity and the effects of therapy that makes their comfort impaired. Discomfort in the physical, psychospiritual, socio cultural, financial, and environmental aspects can severely affect the quality of life. This study aimed to identified the correlation between comfort and quality of life in cancer patients. The study was conducted on 95 respondents with consecutive sampling technique in cross sectional method. The data analysis used on this study is univariate and bivariate analysis that is test of correlation and mean differences. This study showed there was a significant correlation between all aspects of comfort and the quality of life in cancer patients p 0.05, higher discomfort in physical, psychospiritual, socio cultural, financial, and environmental aspects cause worse quality of life. Stage of cancer is also known to be associated with quality of life p .002 0.05 , with the higher level stage showed the low quality of life. The results are expected to be the evidence based practice to improve nurse skill to provide comfort to cancer patients. Because the higher stage of cancer makes the quality of life lower, nurses need to optimize all aspects that can still be improved for a better quality of life of patients. "

"ABSTRAKKanker merupakan salah satu jenis penyakit yang dapat mempengaruhi banyak aspek kehidupan. Gejala yang paling sering muncul yaitu kelelahan, nyeri serta terjadi perubahan secara psikologis. Keadaan ini mempengaruhi pemenuhan kebutuhan kenyamanan pasien kanker secara holistik. Pemenuhan kebutuhan kenyamanan yang holistik ini dapat tercapai jika kebutuhan dasarnya sudah terpenuhi salah satunya tidur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kenyamanan dan kualitas tidur pada pasien kanker. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif-analitik dengan pendekatan secara cross-sectional. Penelitian ini melibatkan 95 pasien kanker, dimana pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan terdapat hubungan antara kenyamanan dan kualitas tidur pada pasien kanker p = 0,0001 ; a = 0,05 Hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan perawat untuk melakukan pengkajian penyebab ketidaknyamanan dan gangguan tidur yang dialami pasien, sehingga perawat dapat memodifikasi lingkungan serta memberikan edukasi kesehatan yang tepat agar kebutuhan kenyamanan dan tidur dapat terpenuhi dengan baik.

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ABSTRACTCancer is one of illness that can affect many aspects of life. Symptoms the most often appears that exhaution, pain and psychological suffering. This situation affects the fulfillment of cancer patient rsquo s comfort need in holistically. The fulfillment of need comfort that which holistic would be achieve if their basic needs have been fulfilled like sleep. Research aim to review the relationship between comfort and quality of sleep on cancer patient. This research using design descriptive analytical with cross sectional approach. The research involving 95 cancer patients, where the sample collection used technique consecutive sampling. The result of this research describe there are relationship between comfort and quality of sleep on cancer patients p 0,0001 a 0,05 . This research recommended a nurse to do assesments about couse of discomfort and sleep disturbances in patients. This reaserch also recommended the nurses to modify environment and providing health education so the needs of comfort and sleep could be met."