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"lndependent state auxiliaries agencies status, may it be as lembaga (state institution), badan (state auxiliary body), or komisi (state commission) on its applications has long been a major problem, especially afar amendment of 1945 Constitution it should be clear whether it is an auxiliary or main institution, and its independency as well that mentioned in the scope of constitution. In constitutional and administrative law reform need to put emphasis on the solution focused that must be viewed as achievable and clarity by constitutional and administrative lawyers. This article focuses on the arising problems regarding position and categorization of state auxiliary or main institution, which have been interpreted roughly within the scope of interpretation of l 945 Constitution (amendment)."

"Prinsip yang telah diketahui secara luas tentang negara adalah bahwa sebuah negara harus memiliki rakrakyat, wilayah dan pemerintahan. Dalam montivideo on the rights and duties of states, 1933 pasal 1 di tetapkan bahwa sebagai suatu kesatuan , negara harus memiliki empat kualifikasi, yaitu : ..."

"The amendments through Indonesian Constitution of i945 (UUD I945) have impacted to various change including to government system. The change an the government system has came about UUD 1945 (at pre-amendments) is the semi-presidential then it's become hilly presidential system after amended. The -author here also scrutinizes on the government system which had appeared in not only the constitutional level but also on the practice in the national implementations. The author also presents her advices for the legislator members to deeper grasped toward basic concepts which had been exercised by UUD l 945 post-amendments, including the presidential system. its directed to the presidential power to make legislations will not disregard to UUD 1945."

"Unitary state as provided for in Article l (l) injunction with Article i8 of the 1945 Indonesia?s Constitution, as amended in year 2000 in junction with Law No. 32/2004, falls into an decentralized unitary state model with a federalistic sub-model. In dealing with the problem, a research on the actualization of unitary state after the amendment of Article 18 of the 19-I5 Indonesia's Constitution was carried out. Research used methods of juridical-normative, juridical-historical, and juridical-comparative. The results obtained were as follows. First, notional territory is organized into provincial and local/municipal territories. Second, authority relationships between central government and local government and among local governments are in form of coordination, guidance, and supervision in administrative and territorial aspects. Third term of "territories extraordinary in nature" as provided for in Article 18 of the 1945 Indonesia`s Constitution is originally intended as Swapraja and Village. Based on proportionality principle as upheld by Law No. 32/2004. indonesia should pursue a proportional, decentralized unitary state, with a focus of local autonomy on district/municipal. In order to deal with the problem. under constitutional power, Law on Local Government should be invoked in actualizing a unitary state in implementing local governance."

"ABSTRAK Tesis ini menggambarkan mengenai faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan adanya tukar menukar barang milik kekayaan negara yang dimiliki Departemen/Lembaga Pemerintah Non Departemen (LPND). Ada 5 faktor yang berhubungan dengan tukar menukar barang milik kekayaan negara yang: (I) terkena Rencana Tata Ruang Kota, (2) belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal (idle), (3) assetnya dipersatukan karena lokasinya terpencar agar memudahkan koordinasi serta dalam rangka efisiensi, (4) memenuhi kebutuhan operasional pemerintah sebagai akibat pengembangan organisasi dan atau (5) mengandung pertimbangan khusus dalam rangka pelaksanaan rencana strategis Hankam. Permasalahannya adalah sampai sejauh mana faktor-faktor tersebut mempunyai hubungan terhadap terjadinya tukar menukar barang milik kekayaan negara yang dilakukan oleh Departemen/LPND dengan pihak swasta dan ditinjau dari segi manfaat dan biaya. Untuk mengctahui hubungan faktor-faktor tersebut dengan tukar menukar terlebih dahulu perlu ada penelitian terhadap kelima faktor tersebut. Tentunya dari hasil penelitian tersebut apakah kelima faktor tersebut semuanya mempunyai hubungan dengan transaksi tukar menukar. Berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 350/KMK 03/1994 tanggal 13 Juli 1994 bahwa tukar menukar barang milik kekayaan negara yang dilaksanakan oleh Departemen/LPND pada dasarnya dapat disetujui oleh Menteri Keuangan apabila salah satu faktor tersebut dapat dipenuhi sebagai pertimbangan untuk dilaksanakannya tukar menukar. Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor tersebut di atas, diperlukan data mengenai tukar menukar yang telah dilaksanakan oleh Departemen/LPND sejak tahun 1992 sampai dengan 1994 dengan pihak swasta dan data luas tanah serta bangunan yang dimiliki oleh Departemen/LPND. Selanjutnya diperlukan data mengenai jumlah pegawai negeri sipil, standar bangunan yang berlaku untuk tiap Departemen/LPND yang ketentuannya diatur oleh Bappenas dan Departemen Keuangan. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut ditemukan adanya hubungan positif antara tukar menukar dengan Rencana Tata Ruang Kota, penyatuan asset, rencana strategi Hankam sangat kuat. Sedangkan terhadap asset idle dan pengembangan organisasi terdapat hubungan terbalik dengan tukar menukar karena dari basil penelitian mempunyai hubungan yang negatif. Dari hal tersebut di atas disarankan agar faktor Rencana Tata Ruang Kota, penyatuan asset dan rencana strategi Hankam apabila dilakukan transaksi tukar menukar agar dibuat kriteria pengukuran yang lebih tajam untuk diambil sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam menentukan kebijaksanaan. Selanjutnya terhadap asset idle dan pengembangan organisasi tetap dipertahankan untuk tidak dilakukan tukar menukar."

"Penulis artikel ini membahas masalah otonomi daerah. Pembahasan masalah ini dikaitkan dengan kerangka teoritis dan yuridis. Pembahasan otonomi daerah dilihat dari konteks teori modern dan klasik. Sedangkan kajian otonomi daerah dari segi yuridis dapat dilihat terutama pada UU No. 5/1974 tentang Pokok-Pokok Pemerintahan di Daerah. Nasalah otonomi daerah ini berkaitan dengan hal-hal keuangan negara, pajak negara, dan juga pembagian hasil sumber daya alam yang tersedia di suatu negara. Selain diatur dalam UU No. 5/1974, otonomi daerah juga diatur dalam UUD 1945."

"The success of running the government and developing the area depends on the quality of human resources and the society. Moreover, for the development and autonomy of a "Developing village" , the quality of human resources of the village government and the villagers is necessary. Both of the have to support "Developing village" process. In the autonomy era , the district has the obligation to give attention and opportunity for the society to develop their human resources."

"The changes in sectors and linkages in Indonesian economy have been changing thus affecting the structure. This study aims to evaluate the changes in the nation's economic structure by focusing on the development of intra/inter sectors and intra/inter regions linkage using interregional Input-Output (IRIO) model in 1995 and 2000 data. The model analyzes the changes by applying the concept of technical coefficient stability, testing changes on the coefficients, and exploring the basic IRIO model. The study found that there has been a significant decrease of relative relationship between sectors and regions in Indonesian economy albeit of seemingly insignificant. Further, the analysis in intro and inter regions showed that an increase in intra regions relationship has not been significant meanwhile the decrease of inter regions relationship has been significant. The studies also revealed that industry was a high potential sector in national development priorities not only because of its high multiplier but also its role in strengthening and increasing the interactions of intra/inter sectors and intra/inter regions. "

"The goal of long term development 2005 -b2025 is to realize a progress, self - reliant and fair nation as the foundation for next development stages to fair and welfare people in the framework of the Republic of Indonesia based on Pancasila (Five Principles) and Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 (Constitution). Indicator of ahieving the Indonesian progress, self-reliant and fair, the next 20byears National Development is directed to the acievement fundamental targets as follow: a realizing good moral , civilized and humanized character of Indonesian people,b, realizing a competable nation to reach more prosperous and welfare , c. realizing democracy nation of Indonesia under law and justice, d. realizing safety and peace for the whole of Indonesian people and protect the unity of Republic of Indonesia and state sovereignty of foreign or domestic threat and realizing a fair distribution development and everlasting harmony state ,f. realizing Indonesia as strong , progress and self - reliant archipelago state,g. realizing Indonesian role in international relationship. Al those indicators are ideal hope for Indonesia in nation and state living. Hovewer those should be supported by estabilishing goog regional regulation. In the framework estabilishing good regional regulation, need some first steps, they are : Firstly, Establishment of Togetherness Vision on ideal condition which will be reached. Secondly, scale of priority which arrangement that will be prioritized as central point and covers other arrangements. Thirdly process of vertical hormonization to carry out a syncronized complete whole organization or arrangement compared to other similar or higher arrangement together with law principles . Forth arrangement must aim to development targets achievement in Local Long Term Development Plan (RPJPD) and Local Middle Term Development Plan (RPJMD). Fifth, those organizations or arrangement should be able to solve the emerging issues."