Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi determinan ekspor dan menganalisis potensi ekspor terhadap tujuh negara anggota D-8 dan tujuh negara major trading partner Indonesia dengan menggunakan pendekatan gravity model tahun 2010 hingga 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi ekspor seperti PDB, populasi, jarak, nilai tukar, dan perjanjian dagang. Dengan menggunakan analisis data panel, hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa PDB Indonesia, PDB negara tujuan, populasi indonesia, nilai tukar, dan jarak berpengaruh signifikan pada nilai ekspor Indonesia ke kedua kelompok negara yang diteliti. Sedangkan, populasi importir dan perjanjian dagang hanya berpengaruh pada negara major trading partners Indonesia. Selain itu, hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa Indonesia masih memiliki potensi ekspor dengan negara D-8 yaitu Malaysia, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Iran, dan Turki. Hasil penelitian mengimplikasikan bahwa penerapan kebijakan seperti stabilisasi mata uang Indonesia, peningkatan PDB Indonesia, dan pemerintah memfokuskan perdagangan bilateral pada negara dengan potensi ekspor yang belum maksimal sangat penting untuk dilakukan.

---

This study aims to identify the determinants of exports and analyse the export potential of seven D-8 member countries and seven of Indonesia's major trading partners using the gravity model approach from 2010 to 2020. This study uses several factors that influence exports such as GDP, population, distance, exchange rates, and trade agreements. By using panel data analysis, the results of the study found that Indonesia's GDP, destination country's GDP, Indonesian population, exchange rate, and distance had a significant effect on the value of Indonesia's exports to the two groups of countries studied. Meanwhile, the importer population and trade agreements only affect Indonesia's major trading partner countries. In addition, the results of the study found that Indonesia still has export potential with the D-8 countries, namely Malaysia, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Iran, and Turkey. The results of the study imply that implementing policies such as stabilizing the Indonesian currency, increasing Indonesia's GDP, and the government focusing on bilateral trade in countries with export potential has not been maximized is very important to do."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis determinan ekspor Indonesia ke tujuh negara anggota D-8 dengan menggunakan data panel dari tahun 2007 hingga tahun 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan gravity model dengan teknik analisis Random Effect. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ekspor Indonesia secara positif dipengaruhi oleh PDB, jumlah penduduk D-8, nilai tukar riil Indonesia dan trade agreement serta secara negatif dipengaruhi oleh jumlah penduduk Indonesia dan jarak.  Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar Indonesia memfokuskan ekspornya ke Negara Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan dan Turki.

---

This study aims to analyze the determinants of Indonesian exports to seven D-8 member countries using panel data from 2007 to 2017. This study used the gravity model approach with Random Effect analysis techniques. The results show that Indonesian exports to D-8 member countries were positively correlated with GDP, D-8s population, real exchange rate and trade agreement and were negatively correlated with Indonesian population and distance. This research recommends that Indonesia focus its exports to Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan and Turkey."

"This study aims to analyse the effect of trade openness, wages, inflation, economic growth, and population toward unemployment in the D-8 Organization of Islamic Cooperation countries over the period, 1991 to 2020. The quantitative approach uses techniques analysis of panel data regression. The study result shows a significant simultaneous effect of trade openness, wages, inflation, economic growth, and population on unemployment of D-8 OIC member countries. While partially, trade openness has a significant positive effect on unemployment, wages, economic growth, and inflation have a significant negative relationship with unemployment. The population has a significant positive effect on unemployment. Overall, the result implies that each OIC member country should promote an effective and strategic plan to enhance the demand for labour and employment. Furthermore, professional courses and vocational training should be initiated to fulfil the growing demand for skilled labour."

"The aim of this investigation is to look at the effect of the Islamic banking system on the economic growth of D-8 countries as well as their relationship and the causality direction. Annual report time series data were used from 2010–2021. Islamic Banking Financing (IBF) was used as a representation of the Islamic banking sector, while Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF), Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and Trade were used to represent the economic sector. The econometric tools used are the panel unit root test, panel test of cointegration, and the causality test of Granger. The findings showed that, in the short and long run, Islamic banking and economic growth have a positive connection in D-8 countries. Moreover, there is bi-directional causality. That means, there is a two-way causality starting from the growth sector to Islamic banking and Islamic banking to economic growth. It is also discovered that, in the short run, investment (GFCF) and trade activities have an affirmative influence on the development of Islamic banking. Increasing investment formation will thus successfully subsidize the expansion of the Islamic banking segment of D-8 countries. However, the main policy implication is that governments of the D-8 countries can support economic growth by expanding the finance sector through additional liberalization measures. It is recommended to include another variable that is currently not used, such as the quality of the institutions, and moreover, to apply other statistical tools such as ARCH and GARCH to look at profound relationships."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja ekspor besi dan baja Indonesia ke negara tujuan, serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya dari tahun 2012 hingga 2021. Analisis dilakukan pada 10 negara tujuan menggunakan pendekatan model gravitasi dengan metode Pseudo Poisson Maximum Likelihood. Ekspor didorong oleh permintaan ferro-nickel dan diikuti oleh permintaan stainless steel. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa ekspor signifikan dipengaruhi oleh PDB negara tujuan secara positif. Indeks RCA yang mewakili variabel industri signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai dan kuantitas ekspor, sedangkan nilai tukar yang mewakili variabel makro ekonomi berpengaruh negatif dan hanya signifikan memengaruhi kuantitas ekspor. Adapun kebijakan tarif berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap ekspor.

---

This study aims to evaluate the performance of Indonesia's iron and steel exports to destination countries and analyze the factors influencing them from 2012 to 2021. The analysis was conducted on 10 destination countries using the gravity model with Pseudo Poisson Maximum Likelihood method. The exports are driven by the demand for ferro- nickel and followed by stainless steel. The estimation results show that exports are significantly influenced by the destination country's GDP in a positive manner. The RCA index, representing the industrial variable, has a significant positive impact on the value and quantity of exports, while the exchange rate, representing macroeconomic variables, has a negative impact and is only significant in affecting the quantity of exports. As for the tariff, it has a significant negative impact on exports."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh nilai ekspor produk teknologi informasi (IT) China dan India (Chindia) terhadap ekspor produk IT dari negara ASEAN-5 ke Il mitra dagang utama apakah saling mengganti (substirure) atau saling melengkapi (complemantary) keberadaannya. Analisis pengaruh nilai ekspor produk IT China dan India terhadap nilai ekspor produk IT ASEAN-5 menggunakan pendekatan gravity mode! dengan motode data panel, yang merupakan kombinasi data cross section dan time series antara China., India, ASEAN-5 dan 11 mitra dagang utama dari tahun 2000 sampai dengan 2005. Metode estimasi fixed effect menunjukkan bahwa variabel nilai ekspor produk IT China berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai ekspor produk IT ASEAN-5, hal ini menandakan adanya hubungan saling melengkapi (complementary) antara ekspor produk IT China dengan ekspor produk IT ASEAN-5, variabel nilai ekspor produk IT India menunjukkan pengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap nilai ekspor produk IT ASEAN-5. Sementara variabel PDB riil eksportir dan variabel PDB riil perkapita importir berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai ekspor produk IT ASEAN-5, variabel populasi eksportir berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap niIai ekspor produk IT ASEAN-5, variabel proksi jarak berpengaruh negatif terhadap nilai ekspor produk IT ASEAN -S, namun besarannya tidak signifikan.

---

This study aims to investigate the effect of Chindia?s (China-India) export value IT goods on ASEAN~5 countries to 11 main trading-partner countries, whether it has a substitution or a complementary relation. The gravity model used in this study is estimated by using panel data method to see the effect of Chindia?s export value IT goods on ASEAN-5 countries to 11 main trading-partner countries, using cross-sectional and time series data from 2000-2005 period. Estimation result showed that the China's IT export value positively and significantly affects the ASEAN-5 IT export value, which shows the complementary relation between the two variables. India?s IT export value insignificant affects the ASEAN-5 IT export value. In addition exporter countries? real GDP and importer countries? real GDP per capita positively and significantly affect the ASEAN 5 countries? export value in IT goods. Furthermore exporter countries? population negatively and significantly affect the ASEAN 5 countries? export value in IT goods, and distance affects the ASEAN 5 countries? export value in IT goods negatively but insignificant."

"Penelitian ini menggunakan model gravitasi yang telah dimodifikasi bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi faktor-faktor yang menentukan aliran ekspor Indonesia ke beberapa negara tujuan utama ekspor Indonesia, dimana pada penelitian ini ekspor dibagi menjadi ekspor non-minyak dan gas (non-migas) dan ekspor minyak dan gas (migas). Ekspor merupakan pendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia, dimana ekspor mendatangkan pendapatan bagi suatu negara. Mengingat pentingnya ekspor dalam perekonomian, maka menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi arus ekspor antara Indonesia dan mitra dagangnya penting untuk dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan independen variabel GDP, nilai tukar rill, jarak geografis, dan tarif MFN. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dengan negara sampel sebanyak 9 negara tujuan utama ekspor Indonesia yaitu Jepang, Cina, Amerika Serikat, Singapura, India, Malaysia, Korea Selatan, Thailand, Filipina. Periode waktu penelitian dari tahun 2000 sampai tahun 2011, menggunakan metode data panel dengan pendekatan model gravitasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekspor nonmigas dipengaruhi oleh variabel GDP Indonesia dan negara mitra dagang, nilai tukar rill, jarak, dan tarif MFN yang terbukti signifkan mempengaruhi ekspor nonmigas, sedangkan pada ekspor migas, GDP negara dagang dan jarak geografis terbukti signifikan mempengaruhi ekspor migas. Hasil dari identifikasi ini akan dianalisis dan diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan agar Indonesia dapat meningkatkan perdagangannya, terutama dalam bidang ekspor.

---

This study aims to determine the factors that determine Indonesia's exports to Major Destination Countries by using the gravity model approach. Performance of export is divided into real non-oil and gas exports and real oil and gas exports. Exports are key drivers of economic growth in Indonesia. Given the importance of exports in the economy, then analyze the factors that affect export flows between Indonesia and its trading partners is important to do. The data used is secondary data of 9 sample countries which are United States of America, China, Japan, India, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, and Philippines with period used of 2000 through 2011, by applying panel data method. The results show that the flow of exports from Indonesia to major destination countries in the model of real non-oil and gas exports is significantly influenced by the real GDP of Indonesia, the real GDP importing countries, the distance between two countries, real exchange rate between the Rupiah against the U.S. Dollar, and the simple average of MFN Tariffs. Meanwhile, Indonesia's real GDP, real exchange rate between the Rupiah against the U.S. Dollar, and the simple average of MFN Tariffs proved not significant in affecting the flow of exports in the model of real oil and gas exports from Indonesia to major destination countries. The results of this identification will be analyzed and is expected to provide input so that Indonesia can increase its trade, especially in the field of export."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah keanggotaan Indonesia dalam forum kerjasama ekonomi Asia Pacific Economics Cooperation (APEC) mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekspor Indonesia ke negara mitra dagang sesama anggota forum kerjasama ekonomi APEC. Ruang lingkup penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh keanggotaan Indonesia di dalam forum kerjasama ekonomi APEC terhadap ekspor Indonesia ke-15 mitra dagangnya yang juga merupakan anggota dari forum kerjasama ekonomi APEC. Metode analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan data panel yaitu 15 negara sebagai cross section dengan periode waktu pengamatan tahun 1981-2005. Kelima belas negara mitra dagang tersebut adalah Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Jepang, Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Peru, Philipina, Singapura, Thailand, dan Amerika Serikat. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ekspor Indonesia yaitu pendapatan per kapita riil, biaya transportasi dari Indonesia ke negara mitra dagang, nilai tukar riil dan keanggotaan Indonesia dalam forum kerjasama ekonomi APEC. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa keanggotaan Indonesia dalam forum kerjasama ekonomi APEC berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekspor Indonesia ke-15 negara mitra dagangnya tersebut.

---

This research is aimed to find out whether Indonesia membership in the forum of Asia Pacific Economics Cooperation (APEC) economic cooperation has influenced on Indonesia export growth to other APEC member countries. The scope of this research is to analyze the effect of Indonesia membership in APEC economic cooperation forum on Indonesia export growth to 15 trade partner countries who is also member of APEC economic cooperation forum. This research uses panel data analysis methode of 15 countries as cross section with yearly time period 01 observation from 1981-2005. 15 trade partner countries observed are Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Peru, Philipine, Singapore, Thailand, dan United State of America. Factors that have influenced on Indonesia export growth are real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, transportation cost from Indonesia to trade partner country, real exchange rate, and Indonesia membership in the forum of APEC economic cooperation. The result shows that Indonesia membership in the forum of APEC economic cooperation has positive effect on Indonesia export growth to those 15 trade partner countries."

"Penetapan Piagam OKI yang baru dalam KTT OKI ke sebelas di Dakkar, 2008, menjadi momentum bagi negara-negara OKI untuk memperkuat demokrasi dan kelembagaan dalam rangka mendorong kerjasama ekonomi dan perdagangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeskplorasi peran demokrasi dan kepemerintahan dalam meningkatkan ekspor Indonesia ke negara-negara OKI selama periode 1998-2012 dengan menggunakan augmented gravity model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa demokrasi dan kepemerintahan Indonesia, serta kepemerintahan negara-negara OKI sebagai tujuan ekspor Indonesia berpengaruh positif dan signifikan dalam meningkatkan ekspor Indonesia ke negara-negara OKI. Sebaliknya, demokrasi di negara-negara OKI berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan. Negara-negara OKI berpendapatan rendah cenderung mengimplementasikan kebijakan perdagangan yang lebih tertutup.

---

The enforcement of new OIC Charter at the 11th OIC Summit in Dakar, 2008, has become a momentum for OIC member states to reassert the importance of democracy and institutional reform in promoting economic and trade cooperation among its members. This study aims to explore the role of democracy and governance on the enhancement of Indonesian export to OIC countries during the period 1998-2012 by using augmented gravity model. The results showed that both democracy and governance in Indonesia have positive and significant effect in enhancing Indonesian export to OIC countries. The similar result is also found in the governance of OIC countries. On the other hand, democracy in OIC countries are having negative and significant effect on the same matter. Low-income OIC countries have a tendency to implement a more closed trade policy."