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"Kapitalisme dan neoliberalisme telah menguasai norma dan mewujud dalam sistem pendidikan tinggi di Indonesia. Sebagai bukti, saat ini pendidikan cenderung mengarahkan mahasiswa untuk menjadi sumber daya yang akan dimanfaatkan dalam proses industrialisasi. Oleh karena itu, neoliberalisme dapat dianggap sebagai "isme" yang mempengaruhi sistem pendidikan di Indonesia saat ini dan berkontribusi pada ketimpangan kelas yang meningkat. Fenomena ini menjadi faktor utama dalam program pemagangan MBKM yang bersifat eksploitatif. Dalam program pemagangan MBKM, terdapat hambatan struktural karena dominasi korporasi terhadap mahasiswa pekerja magang yang signifikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan eksistensi program magang MBKM yang menghasilkan eksploitasi terhadap mahasiswa pekerja magang dianalisis dengan teori kriminologi kritis. Metode penulisan dari penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif kritis yang menyadari perlunya memperbaiki ketidaksetaraan dengan memberikan prioritas kepada kelompok yang paling terpinggirkan dalam masyarakat. Data diambil dari beberapa subyek mahasiswa pekerja magang yang menjadi korban eksploitasi dan kekerasan lainnya. Selain itu, data juga didapatkan dari pelaksana program MBKM, yaitu perguruan tinggi dan program studi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa pekerja magang memiliki posisi yang powerless sehingga timbulnya eksploitasi yang dilakukan oleh pihak berkuasa, seperti korporasi dan lembaga negara/pemerintah. Selain itu, kurangnya koordinasi yang efisien antara program studi, perguruan tinggi, dan pemerintah juga menjadi masalah. Hal ini mengakibatkan tidak adanya perlindungan hukum bagi mahasiswa pekerja magang secara teknis. Oleh karena itu, eksploitasi mahasiswa pekerja magang pada program pemagangan MBKM dianggap sebagai bentuk perbudakan modern. Perbudakan modern ini melibatkan pemanfaatan kekuasaan atau kerentanan, atau memberikan imbalan untuk persetujuan dari orang yang memiliki kontrol untuk tujuan eksploitasi.

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Capitalism and neoliberalism have dominated the norms and materialized within the higher education system in Indonesia. As evidence, the current education tends to direct students to become resources utilized in the process of industrialization. Therefore, neoliberalism can be considered an "ism" that influences the current education system in Indonesia and contributes to the increasing class inequality. This phenomenon becomes a significant factor in the exploitative nature of the MBKM internship program. In the MBKM internship program, there are structural barriers due to the significant corporate dominance over student interns. The purpose of this research is to describe the existence of the MBKM internship program that leads to the exploitation of student interns, analyzed through critical criminology theory. The research methodology employed is critical qualitative method, which acknowledges the need to address inequality by prioritizing the most marginalized groups in society. Data is collected from various student intern subjects who have experienced exploitation and other forms of violence. Additionally, data is obtained from the program implementers, namely colleges and study programs. The research findings indicate that student interns hold a powerless position, leading to exploitation by authoritative entities, such as corporations and government institutions. Furthermore, the lack of efficient coordination between study programs, colleges, and the government exacerbates the issue, resulting in a lack of technical legal protection for student interns. Consequently, the exploitation of student interns in the MBKM internship program is regarded as a form of modern slavery. This modern slavery involves the use of power or vulnerability and offers incentives to obtain consent from those who have control over the situation."

"Kebijakan Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) merupakan kebijakan yang dibuat oleh Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset dan Teknologi (Kemendikbudristek) yang bertujuan untuk memberikan hak belajar kepada mahasiswa di luar program studi selama tiga semester untuk menambah pengalaman serta wawasan untuk dapat beradaptasi dengan perubahan zaman. Kebijakan MBKM lahir ditandai dengan terbitnya Permendikbudikti No. 3 Tahun 2020 Tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan Tinggi. Universitas Indonesia merupakan perguruan tinggi yang telah berkomitmen untuk mengimplementasikan kebijakan MBKM. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran bagaimana implementasi kebijakan MBKM itu telah dilangsungkan pada level fakultas yaitu pada Fakultas Ilmu Administrasi di Universitas Indonesia yang merupakan fakultas baru yang berkomitmen penuh untuk mengimplementasikan kebijakan MBKM menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan publik “ A model of the Policy Implementation Process” yang merupakan teori dari Van Meter dan Van Horn. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode post-positivist, teknik pengumpulan data primer melalui wawancara mendalam serta data sekunder dengan menggunakan studi pustaka, serta analisis yang bersifat kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan MBKM di Fakultas Ilmu Administrasi Universitas Indonesia sudah sangat baik karena setiap agen pelaksana kebijakan sangat aktif dan berpartisipasi aktif dalam mengimplementasikannya. Namun, ada beberapa hal yang menjadi catatan untuk menjadi perbaikan kedepannya yaitu untuk diarahkan pada perbaikan dalam koordinasi, komunikasi, dan evaluasi kebijakan yang belum maksimal; dan diperlukannya peraturan pelaksanaan MBKM di lingkungan Universitas Indonesia, sehingga program studi memiliki guideline dan tidak menginterpretasikan kebijakan MBKM secara sendiri-sendiri.

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Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) Policy is a policy established by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (Kemendikbudristek) with the aim of granting students the right to study outside their study programs for three semesters to enhance their experience and insights, enabling them to adapt to the changing times. The MBKM policy was initiated with the issuance of MoECRT Regulation No. 3 of 2020 on National Standards for Higher Education. The University of Indonesia is a higher education institution committed to implementing the MBKM policy. Therefore, this research aims to provide an overview of how the implementation of the MBKM policy has taken place at the faculty level, specifically at the Faculty of Public Administration at the University of Indonesia, which is a newly established faculty fully committed to implementing the MBKM policy. The study utilizes the public policy implementation theory, "A Model of the Policy Implementation Process," by Van Meter and Van Horn. The research adopts a post-positivist approach, employing primary data collection through in-depth interviews and secondary data collection through literature reviews, with qualitative analysis. The results of this research indicate that the implementation of MBKM at the Faculty of Public Administration at the University of Indonesia has been quite effective, as each policy executor is actively involved in its implementation. However, there are certain aspects that need improvement in terms of coordination, communication, and policy evaluation. Additionally, there should be regulations governing the implementation of MBKM within the University of Indonesia to provide guidelines for study programs and prevent individual interpretations of the MBKM policy."

"Education at Home Affairs Governmental Studies Institute must be avoided from bureaucracy ilness, such as power orientation, centralization, uniformity, unproductiveness, and over bureaucracy. Change should be done related to the issues of moral , ethics, work ethics, religiosity spirit, science, physical and attitude in order to produce driving force to conduct various better changes inside it and surround its environment and needs to analyze and reviewed."

"universitas terbuka has been applying a test of final examination for measuring student learning outcomes. Type of final examination that developed is objective teset consisting of stem and option.option of test covering answer key and detractors. a good question should have detractors relatively homogenous, so that it is difficult to guessed by a student.criteria of good question can be determined by item anaysis with using classical test theory and modern test theory. unversitas terbuka has been doing item analysis base on classical test theory. This theory has the limitation characteristics of the index items were highly dependent on the group of test. unlike the case with modern test theory (item response theory). Item response theory is based on the ability of individual test. the purpose of this paper is to determine: 1 how the result of the final exam ite analysis using item response analysis, 2 how the comparison of the number of valid and invalid between item responseanalysis and classical teset analysis, and 3 how determine item characteristics of the items and estimate the ability of participants to the test item response using rasch model. the data used are student answers that took exams on subjects selected sample in 2009.1 and 2009.2. the total sample used by 8 subjects consisting of 16 sets of questions. the study results showed: 1 average difficulty level of the sample items was subject to items response items (rasch model) i sbetween o.618 to 1.417, 2 comparison of the results of the analysis of test items using classical analysis and the rasch model anaylysis is very significant, and 3 on the number of examinees who many (over 1.500) people, the number of percentage of items was valid by using items response analysis more than the classical analysis."