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"Tipe kandang terbuka saat ini masih banyak digunakan karena biaya pembuatan, pengoperasian, dan pemeliharaan lebih murah dibandingkan kandang tertutup. Namun kandang tipe ini tentunya memiliki kekurangan, yaitu kondisi kandang sangat dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan luar, seperti panas, kelembaban dan angin, apalagi Indonesia beriklim tropis, dan terkadang cuaca berubah sangat ekstrim sehingga menyebabkan tingkat kematian yang tinggi. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan menganalisa distribusi temperatur pada kandang closed-house dan memvalidasi temperatur yang ideal sehingga dapat mengurangi angka kematian dan meningkatkan kualitas produksi ayam broiler. Kandang closed-house yang diteliti memiliki luas 2.5 m x 1.5 m x 1.5 m. Pengukuran suhu dilakukan dengan menggunakan termokopel tipe k yang dipasang pada enam titik didalam kandang. Penelitian ini juga dilukukan simulasi untuk mengetahui performa dari sistem kontrol pada kandang closed-house.

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The open house type is currently still widely used because the manufacturing, operating, and maintenance costs are cheaper than the closed house. However, this type of cage certainly has shortcomings, such as the condition of the cage is strongly influenced by the environment, such as heat, humidity, and wind, especially Indonesia has a tropical climate, and sometimes the weather changes very extremely, causing a high mortality rate. This study aims to measure and analyze the temperature distribution in closed-house cages and validate the ideal temperature to reduce mortality and improve broiler production quality. The closed-house cage under study has an area of 2.5 m x 1.5 m x 1.5 m. Temperature measurements were carried out using a type k thermocouple mounted at six points in the cage. This study also conducts simulations to determine the performance of the control system in closed-house cages."

"Skripsi ini memberikan analisis terhadap putusan Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha KPPU tentang dugaan pelanggaran Pasal 11 Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 terkait pengaturan produksi bibit ayam pedaging broiler di Indonesia. Sejak tahun 2015, tengah ramai kasus mengenai kesepakatan yang dilakukan oleh 12 pelaku usaha pembibitan ayam untuk melakukan pengurangan produksi bibit ayam pedaging dengan cara melakukan afkir dini terhadap enam juta ekor Parent Stock, yang berdampak pada melambungnya harga ayam di pasaran. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dalam skripsi ini, ditemukan bahwa dalam memutus perkara nomor 02/KPPU-I/2016 KPPU telah keliru dalam mempertimbangkan terpenuhinya unsur perjanjian dan unsur mengakibatkan praktik monopoli dan/ atau persaingan usaha tidak sehat yang terkandung dalam rumusan Pasal 11 UU No. 5 Tahun 1999.

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This thesis provides an analysis of the decision of the Commission for the Supervision of Business Competition KPPU on the alleged violation of Article 11 of Law No. 5, 1999 related to limiting the production of Day Old broiler Chicken DOC in Indonesia. Since 2015, many discussed a case concerning an agreement made by 12 chicken breeding businesses to limit the production of Day Old Chicken by culling six million Parent Stocks, that leads to a soaring price of broiler chicken in the market. Through the method of normative legal research in this thesis, it was found that there was something amiss in considering the fulfillment of the elements of agreements and elements of resulting in monopolistic practices and or unfair business competition contained in the formulation of Article 11 of Law No. 5 Year 1999 by the Commission in deciding the case number 02 KPPU I 2016."

"Gumboro Disease or Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) is a chicken disease targeting the Bursa of Fabricius, an important organ in the young chicken's developing immune system. Very virulent strains of IBDV caused in mortality of up to 40%. At the other hand, local farmers used Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) to improve general performance and meat/carcass quality of broiler chicken. According to the Gumboro Disease, a study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the Red Ginger supplementation in the ration on blood and Bursa of Fabricius profile of broiler chicken. Two hundred five days old broiler chick were randomly divided into five different groups, i.e.: R-0 (ration without red ginger supplementation); R-0,5 (ration with supplementation of 0.5% RG); R-1,0 (ration with supplementation of 1.0% RG); R-1,5 (ration with supplementation of 1.5% RG); and R-2,0 (ration with supplementation of 2.0% RG). The ration was iso-caloric and iso-pro-tein, containing CP 21-23%, ME 3150 kcal ME/kg, Ca 1 %, and P 0.5%. There was five replications for each treatment (eight heads per group). After five weeks old, the blood were collected and the broiler were slaughtered to collect the Bursa of Fabricius for histopathologic preparate analyses. A One Way Classification of Variance Analyses (CRD) was used to analyze the data. Only the significant differences between all treatments were analyzed by the Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the red ginger supplementation of 1.5-2.0% increased the amount of erytrocyte (P<. 05) but decrease amount of leukocyte (P<.01). Furthermore, red ginger supplementation injured the Bursa of Fabricus. "

"This research was conducted to study the effect of the mixtures of sago waste and chicken excreta fermented utilization in rations on broiler performance, carcass physical quality as well as the meat chemical quality. The mixture of sago waste and chicken excreta was fermented in 48 hours using effective microorganism-4. The research was biological experiment using the respective fermented materials in broiler rations with level of 0% (R0), 4% (Rl), 8% (R2) and 12% (R3). Each dietary treatment had five replications of five broiler chickens each. Variables was observed were broiler performance (feed consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion), carcass physical quality (live weight, carcass percentage, abdominal fat percentage) and chemical quality of meat (water contents, fat and protein). Data were analysed using Analysis of Variance of one way Completely Randomized Design, and differences between means were tested using Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results indicated that the use of fermented mixtures up to 8% in broiler rations had increased body weight, live weight and carcass percentage, and fat flesh content and it was better than birds receiving control ration. The use of 12% fermented materials in the ration had no significant effect on feed consumption, abdominal fat percentage, as well as water contents and protein of the flesh."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian terhadap pemeriksaan sifatsifatfisika, kimia dan kandungan. kimia dari lemak ayam potong ( Hubbard broiler ).Pemeriksaan sifat-sifat fisika meliputi: indeks bias, beratjenis, suhu beku dan suhu lebur dengan menggunakan metodaFarmakope Indonesia edisi III. Pemeriksaan sifat-sil'at kimiameliputi : bilangan asam, bilangan penyabunan dan bilanganiodium menggunakan metoda Farnkope Indonesia edisi III, untuk.uji stabilitas menggunakan metoda Kreist test.Pemeniksaan kandungan kimia meliputi : pemeriksaan minyak mineral dan minyak harsa mengunakan metoda Ekstra Farmakope Indonesia1974, pemeriksaan kolesterol baik secara kualitatif rraupunkuantitatif menggunakan. pereaksi Libermann-Burchard,sedangkan metoda kolorimetri digunakan hanya untuk pemeriksaankuantitatif.Pemeriksaan vitamin A dan D secara kualitatif menggunakanpereaksi Carr-Price, dan cara.kuantitatif menggunalcan metodaspektrofotometri.Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa lenk ayam potong mengandungkolesterol. Dengan metod.a yang digunakan adanya vitamin A danD belum dapat dipastikan.

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An investigation has been carried out on physics and

chemical properties and chemical content of poultry fat

(Hubbard broiler).

The examination on physical properties includes refraction

index, density, freezing poit and melting point.

The examination on chemical properties includes acid value,

saponification value and iodine value using Farmakope Indonesia

third edition method. The stability assay was done by using

Kreist test method.

The chemical content examination includes the examination on

mineral oil and resin oil by applying the Extra Farnkope

Indonesia (1974) method. For both qualitative and quantitative

examination on cholesterol a Liebernnn-Burchard reaction was

used, while a colorimetric method was use to observe the

quantity only. A Carr-Price reaction. was used for the qualitative

examination on vitamin. A and D, and spectrophotometric

method was used to examine quantitatively.

From the above observation it was indicated that the poultry

fat is containing cholesterol. However the method used so far

could not ensure the existence of vitamin A and D."

"Sebuah eksperimen sistem kabut air dengan skala laboratorium dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruhnya terhadap perubahan distribusi temperatur ruangan. Pendekatan yang dilakukan yaitu untuk melihat pengaruh tirai kabut air terhadap api ruangan (comparment fire). Penggunaan bahan bakar bensin sebanyak 8 ml sebagai bahan bakar untuk pool fire yang nantinya digunakan menjadi sumber panas, karena dari beberapa kali percobaan, menghasilkan durasi pembakaran rata-rata 4 menit. Selain itu pemilihan volume bahan bakar ini didasarkan dari pola perubahan temperatur ruangan yang dihasilkan, dimana tingkatan pola berkembang penuh (fully develop stage) berada pada durasi waktu _ 1 menit dari awal penyalaan. Karakteristik dari kabut air berupa besar bukaan flap, tekanan discharge, mempunyai pengaruh yang besar pada percobaan ini. Beberapa variabel di atas selain berpengaruh terhadap perubahan temperatur, juga terhadap aliran asap yang berasal dari pool fire. Dengan adanya penambahan kabut air ke dalam model ruangan, pembacaan temperatur oleh termokopel mengalami perubahan. Penambahan tirai kabut air ini juga menghasilkan pengaruh enclosure effect, yang mana akan menghambat suplai oksigen ke dalam pool fire. Perubahan pembacaan ini kemungkinan dipengaruhi oleh kabut air yang melapisi permukaan termokopel, selain juga dikarenakan oleh menguapnya sejumlah massa dari kabut air yang ikut menyerap panas dari pool fire.

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A series of water mist laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to study its effect on room temperature distribution. The approach taken is to see the effect of water mist curtain of fire occur in a room (compartment fire). The use of gasoline as much as 8 ml as fuel for the fire pool that will be used as heat sources, because of several attempts, the duration of combustion produces an average of 4 minutes. In addition, the volume of fuel selection is based from the pattern produced by room temperature changes, where the fully developed (fully develop the stage) occur at _ 1 minute duration from the initial ignition. Characteristics of water mist in the form of the opening flap, discharge pressure, has a huge effect on this experiment. Some of the variables above in addition to influence the changes in temperature, also on the flow of smoke coming from the pool fire. With the addition of water mist into the model room, the reading by the thermocouple is also changing. The addition of this water mist curtains create the enclosure effects, which will inhibit the supply of oxygen to the pool fire. Changes in reading is likely influenced by water mist that coats the surface of the thermocouple, and also due to the vaporization of a mass of water mist that absorb heat from the pool fire."

"Kampong chickens have a lot of varieties spreading out all over Indonesia, and becoming everybody’s favourites, however, it has low productivity. Meanwhile, broiler chickens who have high productivity has certain level of immunity to a desease.Chickens have a nature of immitation. From this, a research has been developed to increase the productivity of kampong chickens in term of the increase of their body weigh by comparison of M7B3 (kampong chickens 7 and broiler 3), M5B5 (kampong 5 and broiler 5), M3B7 (kampong 3 and broiler 7) and kampong control M10, and broiler control B10. From this mixture, we can see their eating behavior that has on impact upon the kampong chickens’body weight from those that are DOC to those that are 6 weeks.Infact, this mixture does not make their growth (the increase of their weight) defferent.However, M3B7 shows good combination and the increase of their weight on the part ofkampong chickens on average. This result may be caused by the narrow combination ofthe mixture. Heig mortality is experienced by the broiler chickens when they attacked byBerak Kapur desease. This proves that Kampong chickens’ immunity is better than thatof broiler chickens."

"Penetasan telur ayam secara alami dengan menggunakan indukan ayam memiliki keterbatasan dalam hal waktu dan efisiensi jumlah telur, untuk mengatasi keterbatasan itu digunakanlah mesin penetas telur ayam dengan penggerak otomatis. Suhu dan kelembaban adalah salah satu unsur yang penting dalam mesin penetas. Karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui sensor mana yang lebih baik untuk mesin penetas. Penelitian ini merancang dan menguji sistem monitoring suhu dan kelembaban berbasis mikrokontroler berbasis sensor DHT22. Dari Pengujian yang didapatkan DHT22 memiliki galat sebesar 1,75 untuk suhu dan 13,49 untuk kelembaban. Setelah dilakukan kalibrasi galat yang didapatkan untuk suhu sebesar 0,38 dan kelembaban sebesar 1,35 . dan juga mesin ini menggunakan energi sebesar 25,78 kWh selama 22 hari dan daya sebesar 48,82 Watt.

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Hatching of chicken eggs naturally by using chicken breeders has limitations in terms of time and efficiency of the number of eggs, to overcome these limitations are used egg hatching machine with automatic drive. Temperature and humidity are one of the most important elements in an hatching machine. Therefore it is necessary to do research to find out which sensor is better for hatching machine. This research designed and tested the temperature and humidity monitoring system based on DHT22 sensor based microcontroller. From the test obtained DHT22 has an error of 1,75 for temperature and 13,49 for humidity. After the calibration error obtained for the temperature of 0,38 and humidity of 1.35 . and also this machine uses 25,78 kWh of energy for 22 days and power of 48,82 Watt."

"Ayam ketawa yang juga disebut ayam gaga adalah salah satu ayam hias lokal yang berasal dari Sidrap Sidenreng - Rappang , Sulawesi Selatan. Ayam ketawa memiliki lagu berkokok unik, seperti manusia tertawa. Ayam ketawa yang memiliki pendek dan lambat lagu berkokok bernama tipe lambat, sementara memiliki panjang dan cepat lagu berkokok disebut tipe dangdut. Penelitian dilakukan di dua lokasi yaitu Sidrap, Sulawesi Selatan sebagai tempat galur murni ayam ketawa, terdiri atas lima daerah yaitu Kanie, Bullo, Macege, Rappang, dan Sidenreng. Lokasi kedua yaitu Kebayoran Lama, Jakarta sebagai daerah distribusi ayam ketawa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki sumberdaya genetik ayam ketawa berdasarkan berat badan, bioakustik, dan panjang tulang leher. Dua puluh satu sampel tipe lambat dan delapan sampel tipe dangdut dikumpulkan masing-masing berdasarkan lokasi penyebarannya. Suara kokok data bioakustik tercatat dan dianalisis dengan Cool Edit Pro 2 software Portable. Korelasi antara data bioakustik dan panjang tulang leher atau berat badan dilakukan menggunakan SPSS versi 22 . Menurut uji korelasi Pearson, ada korelasi positif r = 0,7 antara berat badan dan durasi kokok ayam tipe dangdut dari peternakan Sidrap. Korelasi tertinggi sebesar r = 0,9 diperoleh ayam ketawa tipe lambat dari peternakan Jakarta antara panjang tulang leher dan durasi kokok. Rataan durasi suara kokok ayam ketawa tertinggi dihasilkan oleh ayam ketawa tipe dangdut yaitu sebesar 3,89 0,08 berasal dari peternakan Sidrap. Distribusi situs polimorfik sekuens, Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit-I COI mitokondria yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini, yaitu pada urutan basa 701?800 sebesar 50 . Hasil rekonstruksi topologi pohon filogenetik menunjukkan bahwa ayam ketawa Bullo dari peternakan Sidrap masih kerabat dekat dengan ayam ketawa di peternakan Kebayoran Lama, Jakarta dengan nilai bootstrap 89,7 . Nilai boostrap tertinggi diperoleh sebesar 96 . Nilai boostrap menjadi tolak ukur penentu tingkat kepercayaan pohon filogeni, hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ayam ketawa Bullo berkerabat dekat dengan ayam ketawa Sidenreng dari peternakan Sidrap.

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Ketawa chicken well known as ldquo ayam ketawa rdquo belongs to local ornamental chickens originating from Sidrap Sidenreng Rappang , South Sulawesi. Ketawa chicken has unique crowing likes human laughing. Ketawa chicken with long and fast crowing is categorized to dangdut type, while the short and slow crowing is categorized to slow type. This study was conducted at two locations. The first one as is located in Sidrap region of South Sulawesi, consists of five areas, namely Kanie, Bullo, Macege, Rappang, and Sidenreng as origin laocation of pure strain of ketawa chicken. The second location is Kebayoran Lama Jakarta where ketawa chicken is raised outside the place of origin. The objective of present study is to investigate the biodiversity of ketawa chicken based on bioacoustics, body weight, and neck bone length. Twenty one samples of slow type and eight samples of dangdut type from different location are collected. The crowing sound bioacoustics data was recorded and analyzed by Cool Edit Pro Portable 2 software. The correlation between bioacoustics either with the neck bone length or with the body weight was analyzed by SPSS version 22 . According to Pearson correlation test, there were positive correlation between body weight and crowing duration of dangdut type of ketawa chicken from Sidrap. The highest correlation was obtained to 0.9 r 0.9 between the neck bone length and the crowing duration for ketawa chicken slow type from Jakarta. The highest noise duration of 3.89 0.08 was resulted from dangdut type from Sidrap. Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit I mitochondria resulted from this research, was located at 701 800 base pair by 50 . The phylogenetic tree topology reconstruction revealed that ketawa chickens Bullo from Sidrap showed close relation with their counterparts from Kebayoran Lama, Jakarta at bootstrap of 89.7 . The highest boostrap value was 96 that indicates gaga chicken Bullo was closely related to ketawa chickens Sidenreng, Sidrap. Boostrap value is a barometer in determining the level of confidence of phylogeny tree."

"Ayam nisi merupakan salah satu spesies ayam lokal asli Indonesia yang berasar dari Gorontalo. Di daerah Gorontalo sendiri, ayam nisi dikenal dengan istilah “maluo nisi/ maluo diti” yang berarti ayam kecil. Keterbatasan informasi mengenai ayam ini membuat penelitian ini menjadi penting untuk dilakukan sehingga dapat menjadi salah satu sumber informasi dalam mendukung penelitian mengenai keanekaragaman ayam lokal di Indonesia. Hasil analisis morfometrik menunjukkan bahwa bahwa hubungan sangat erat atau dekat terjadi antara pada lebar paha (0,942) dengan lingkar lutut (0,898) karna terletak pada satu kuadran yang sama, yaitu kuadran 1. Kemudian hubungan dekat juga terjadi pada variabel Panjang tubuh (0,864) dengan lebar dada (0,865). Lalu kedekatan antara variabel panjang paha (0,850) dengan panjang sayap (0,833). Kemudian lingkar paha (0,817) dengan lingkar dada (0,812), lalu hubungan dengan panjang rusuk (0,741) dengan panjang jari ke- 3 (0,668) dan terakhir hubungan kedekatan antara panjang mulut (0,636) dengan panjang leher (0,702). Hasil analisis bioakustik menunjukkan nilai durasi kokok pada sampel yang terdiri dari 30 ayam jantan menunjukkan rata- rata 1,9837 detik, Frekuensi rata-rata sebesar 733,89 Hz dan jumlah suku kata berjumlah 7 suku kata. Hasil analisis jarak genetik menunjukkan bahwa kekerabatan paling dekat dimiliki oleh ayam ketawa dengan ayam kampung (0,0840). Ayam nisi dan ayam ketawa memiliki hubungan kekerabatan yang lebih dekat (2,7258) dibandingan hubungan kekerabatan antara ayam nisi dan ayam kampung. Kedekatan ayam nisi dan ayam ketawa ditunjukkan dengan jarak genetik sebesar (3.5491). Berdasarkant kajian dari tiga masalah tersebut, maka penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi kontribusi terhadap upaya konservasi dan penelitian untuk mengungkap informasi ayam nisi sehingga studi lanjutan bermunculan untuk mengungkap keberadaan ayam nisi. Studi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi pembuka jalan agar ayam nisi dapat dikenali secara luas dan sebagai upaya untuk melestarikan ayam nisi yang informasi dan keberadaannya sangat sulit untuk ditemukan.

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Nisi chicken is one of the native Indonesian native chicken species from Gorontalo. In the Gorontalo area itself, nisi chicken is known as "maluo nisi/maluo diti" which means small chicken. Limited information about this chicken makes this research important to do so that it can be a source of information to support research on the diversity of local chickens in Indonesia. The results of the morphometric analysis show that there is a very close or close relationship between thigh width (0.942) and knee circumference (0.898) because they are located in the same quadrant, namely quadrant 1. Then a close relationship also occurs in the body length variable (0.864) with chest width (0.865). Then the closeness between the variable thigh length (0.850) and wing length (0.833). Then the circumference of the thigh (0.817) and the circumference of the chest (0.812), then the relationship between the length of the ribs (0.741) and the length of the 3rd finger (0.668) and finally the close relationship between the length of the mouth (0.636) and the length of the neck (0.702). The results of the bioacoustic analysis showed that the duration of the crow in the sample consisting of 30 roosters showed an average of 1.9837 seconds, an average frequency of 733.89 Hz and a total of 7 syllables. The results of genetic distance analysis show that the closest kinship is between the laughing chicken and the native chicken (0.0840). Nisi chicken and laughing chicken have a closer kinship (2.7258) than the kinship between nisi chicken and native chicken. The closeness between nisi and laughing chickens is indicated by a genetic distance of (3.5491). Based on the study of these three problems, it is hoped that this research can contribute to conservation and research efforts to uncover information on nisi chickens so that further studies emerge to reveal the existence of nisi chickens. This study is expected to pave the way so that nisi chickens can be widely recognized and as an effort to preserve nisi chickens whose information and whereabouts are very difficult to find."