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"Tulisan ini menganalisis pengaturan pemeriksaan algoritma pada sistem kecerdasan artifisial (AI) dalam regulasi penyelenggaraan sistem elektronik, pelindungan hak kekayaan intelektual, pelindungan konsumen, pelindungan data pribadi, dan hukum perjanjian di Indonesia. Tulisan ini disusun dengan metode doktrinal yang dilakukan melalui analisis terhadap norma-norma hukum terkait pemeriksaan algoritma sistem AI di Indonesia. Tulisan ini dilatarbelakangi bahwa penyelenggaraan AI memiliki sejumlah risiko yang membahayakan kesehatan, keselamatan, dan hak-hak fundamental. Oleh karena itu, perlu ada langkah mitigasi terhadap risiko-risiko tersebut, salah satunya melalui pemeriksaan algoritma sistem AI. Pemeriksaan algoritma pada sistem AI merupakan serangkaian pemeriksaan terhadap sistem internal AI yang bertujuan untuk memitigasi risiko serta memastikan akuntabilitas, transparansi, dan keamanan dalam penyelenggaraan AI. Hasil temuan tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa sejumlah regulasi di Indonesia memungkinkan pemeriksaan algoritma sistem AI dalam sejumlah variasi. Namun, pengaturannya masih sangat bersifat umum dan belum ada kejelasan terkait tujuan, mekanisme, dan pertanggungjawaban dalam pelaksanaannya. Dengan membandingkan pengaturan pemeriksaan algoritma sistem AI di Uni Eropa dan Tiongkok, tulisan ini menyarankan bahwa Indonesia perlu mengatur pemeriksaan algoritma sistem AI secara lebih spesifik disertai dengan ketentuan yang memastikan pelindungan hak dan kepentingan penyelenggara AI atas sistemnya, terutama hak kekayaan intelektual.

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This paper analyzes the provisions governing algorithm auditing in artificial intelligence (AI) systems under Indonesian regulations on electronic systems, intellectual property rights protection, consumer protection, personal data protection, and contract law. This paper is grounded in a doctrinal method by analyzing legal norms governing the auditing of AI algorithms in Indonesia. This paper is based on the fact that the deployment of AI poses various risks which threaten health, safety, and fundamental rights. Therefore, mitigation measures are necessary to address these risks, one of which is AI algorithm auditing. Algorithm auditing in AI systems is the process of checking internal AI systems to mitigate risks and ensure accountability, transparency, and security in AI deployment. The research findings show that certain regulations in Indonesia permit AI algorithm auditing in several variations. However, those regulations are still very broad and lack clarity regarding the objectives, mechanisms, and accountability in their implementation. By comparing the regulations on AI algorithm auditing in the European Union and China, this paper concludes that Indonesia needs to regulate AI algorithm auditing more specifically, accompanied by provisions that ensure the protection of the rights and interests of AI providers over their systems, especially intellectual property rights.

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"We are living in a legal renaissance. Lawyers have never been more empowered to reimagine their profession thanks to AI.This title answers questions such as ‘Will AI be better than me at my job?’, ‘Why do I need to start using AI?’ and ‘How will AI enhance my capability as a legal professional?’ by providing advice on how lawyers and law firms can integrate new technology and improve their legal practice.The title further explains how to make interactions between lawyers and clients a win-win for all parties involved, while increasing client retention and profit for the firm.This book is written by a lawyer, for other lawyers, minus the legalese. It is based on the author’s personal observations of the legal industry and interviews with her colleagues across various practice areas and all levels of seniority. It aims to bring forward ideas for improvement.Using examples from the UK, EU and the US across corporate law, contract law, mergers and acquisitions and litigation, this title is relevant to lawyers in private practice specialising in all areas of the law.Are you a practising lawyer at a law firm? Do you sometimes feel like the legal industry is held back by tradition and could use some shaking up? Perhaps you are a mover and shaker yourself. In any case, this book is for you if you are curious about possibilities to improve the legal industry.The book also includes a list of AI tools that are beneficial in legal work.This title is included in Bloomsbury Professional's Cyber Law online service."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis pertanggungjawaban pidana terkait kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh artificial intelligence (AI) di Indonesia. Perkembangan teknologi AI membawa tantangan baru dalam hukum pidana, terutama karena Indonesia belum memiliki regulasi khusus yang mengatur AI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaturan hukum yang berlaku saat ini, menelaah konsep pertanggungjawaban yang sesuai, serta mengusulkan model pertanggungjawaban yang adil dan seimbang. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan analisis dokumen hukum, termasuk bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Data dikumpulkan secara sekunder dan divalidasi melalui wawancara dengan narasumber yang kompeten. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif, dengan penarikan kesimpulan menggunakan logika deduktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia membutuhkan regulasi khusus yang berfokus pada AI untuk menciptakan ekosistem teknologi yang andal, aman, dan bertanggung jawab. Penelitian ini juga mengusulkan pengakuan AI sebagai subjek hukum yang berdiri sendiri dengan kepribadian hukum elektronik. Status ini memungkinkan AI untuk bertanggung jawab atas tindakan atau keputusan yang dibuatnya, terutama dalam situasi otonom. Selain itu, semua pihak, termasuk pemerintah, pengembang, pengguna, dan masyarakat, memiliki peran dan tanggung jawab yang saling terkait dalam pengembangan dan penggunaan AI. Regulasi masa depan harus dirancang untuk menciptakan keseimbangan antara pengembangan teknologi dan perlindungan hukum.

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This study analyzes criminal liability in cases of errors caused by artificial intelligence (AI) in Indonesia. The rapid development of AI technology has introduced new challenges in criminal law, particularly because Indonesia currently lacks specific regulations governing AI. This research aims to explore the existing legal framework, examine relevant liability concepts, and propose a balanced and equitable liability model.The study employs a normative juridical method with a document analysis approach, focusing on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. Data were collected through secondary sources and validated via interviews with competent experts. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively, and conclusions were drawn using deductive reasoning. The findings indicate that Indonesia requires specific regulations addressing AI to establish a reliable, safe, and accountable technological ecosystem. The study also proposes recognizing AI as an independent legal subject with electronic legal personality. This status would enable AI to bear responsibility for its actions or decisions, particularly in autonomous situations. Additionally, all stakeholders, including the government, developers, users, and society, hold interconnected roles and responsibilities in the development and use of AI. Future regulations should be designed to balance technological advancement and legal protection effectively."

"Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam bidang seni rupa mengalami perkembangan yang kian pesat. Munculnya AI art generator mendisrupsi makna penciptaan suatu karya seni rupa yang telah lama dikenal. AI art generator mempunyai fitur yang memudahkan penggunanya untuk menciptakan gambar, cukup memasukkan deskripsi teks, maka AI akan langsung menghasilkan gambar sesuai yang diinginkan pengguna. Proses pembuatan karya seni rupa ini kemudian menimbulkan polemik mengenai apakah karya seni rupa yang dihasikan oleh AI Art Generator memenuhi syarat sebagai suatu ciptaan yang dapat dilindungi oleh hak cipta, dan bagaimana perlindungan hak cipta atas karya-karya yang digunakan tanpa izin sebagai training database AI Art Generator. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif yang berfokus kepada analisis teori-teori dan doktrin hukum disandingkan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan hukum hak cipta nasional dan internasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menurut hukum hak cipta internasional dan UU Hak Cipta Indonesia, karya seni rupa yang dihasilkan oleh AI Art Generator tidak memenuhi syarat sebagai ciptaan yang dapat dilindungi hak cipta. Hal ini dikarenakan tidak dipenuhinya unsur orisinalitas yang merupakan salah satu syarat agar suatu ciptaan dapat dilindungi hak cipta. Karya seni rupa yang dihasilkan AI Art Generator tidak dapat membuktikan adanya pemenuhan unsur "human intellectual independent effort" dan "creative choice". Penggunaan ciptaan-ciptaan yang dijadikan referensi gambar dalam training database AI Art Generator dapat dibenarkan menurut doktrin fair use, karena memenuhi keempat syarat yang ada dalam “The Four Factor of Fair Use” yang diatur dalam U.S. Copyright Act 1976. AI Art Generator telah mempermudah aksesibilitas masyarakat awam dalam melihat dan membuat karya seni rupa. Dengan demikian, peran AI Art Generator terhadap pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan khususnya di bidang seni ini dapat dilegitimasi penggunaanya dengan berlindung pada doktrin fair use.

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The emergence of AI art generator disrupts the meaning of creating an artwork that has long been known. The AI art generator has features that make it easy for users to create images, simply by entering text descriptions, then the AI will produce the desired image. This creation process then raises questions, whether the artworks produced by AI Art Generator meet the requirements as a creation that can be protected by copyright and how is the protection of copyright on works that are used without permission as a training database for AI Art Generator. This study uses a normative juridical research method that focuses on the analysis of theories and legal doctrines juxtaposed with national and international copyright law regulations. The results showed that according to international copyright law and the indonesian copyright law, artworks produced by AI Art Generator did not meet the requirements as creations that were entitled to copyright protection. This is because the element of originality, which is one of the requirements for a creation to be protected by copyright, is not fulfilled. Artworks produced by AI Art Generator cannot prove the fulfillment of the elements of "human intellectual independent effort" and "creative choice". The use of artworks that are used as reference images in the AI Art Generator’s training database can be justified according to the fair use doctrine, because they meet the four criteria in “The Four Factor of Fair Use” regulated in the U.S. Copyright Act 1976. AI Art Generator has facilitated the accessibility of the general public in seeing and creating visual art works. The impact of AI Art Generator on the development of science, especially in the field of art, can be legitimized by relying on the fair use doctrine."