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Abstrak :
Tesis ini membahas tentang bagaimana hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan niat melaksanakan konseling berhenti merokok di antara mahasiswa profesi dan spesialis kedokteran gigi di RSKGM FKG UI. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang. Sikap merupakan variabel yang paling besar mempengaruhi niat melakukan konseling berhenti merokok, setelah dikontrol oleh variabel umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, status merokok, dan pengetahuan. Nilai OR (OR adjusted) = 59,795 (95% CI 14,777-241,957). Hasil penelitian ini menyarankan agar ada upaya pembentukan sikap terhadap perilaku konseling berhenti merokok melalui pendidikan yang terencana, terarah, dan berkesinambungan. ...... This thesis discusses how the relationship between knowledge and attitudes with the intention of implementing smoking cessation counseling among students of professional and specialist dentistry in RSKGM FKG UI. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. Attitude is the biggest variable affecting intention to quit smoking counseling, once controlled by the variables of age, gender, education, smoking status, and knowledge. OR value (OR adjusted) = 59.795 (95% CI 14.777 to 241.957). The results of this study suggest that there are efforts to establish attitudes towards smoking cessation counseling behaviors through education planned, directed, and continuous.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Tanda klinis Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) meliputi mikrognati, glossoptosis, obstruksi jalan napas atas, dan celah palatal. Adanya sindrom/kelainan penyerta turut berperan terhadap keterlambatan pertumbuhan dan keparahan obstruksi jalan napas. OSA akibat obstruksi jalan napas merupakan kondisi yang umum ditemui pada bayi dengan PRS. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran morfologi mandibula dan risiko OSA pada pasien PRS di RSAB Harapan Kita Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Sebanyak 11 pasien PRS memenuhi kriteria seleksi penelitian ini. Data usia, sindrom/kelainan penyerta, riwayat sesak napas saat lahir diperoleh dari rekam medik. Sefalometri yang diperoleh diukur panjang mandibula, tinggi ramus, panjang body mandibula, dan sudut gonial. Pasien juga dievaluasi risiko OSA dengan menggunakan kuesioner Brouillette. Hasil: Panjang mandibula, panjang body mandibula, dan sudut gonial berbeda bermakna antara grup usia pengambilan sefalometri 5 tahun dan 10 tahun. Panjang mandibula berbeda bermakna antara grup pasien PRS non sindromik dan sindromik. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna risiko OSA berdasarkan usia pasien maupun status sindrom. Riwayat sesak napas saat lahir berkorelasi dengan morfologi mandibula, namun tidak berkorelasi dengan risiko OSA. Kesimpulan: Kondisi mikrognati yang persisten menunjukkan tidak ada catch up growth pada pasien penelitian ini. Sindrom/kelainan penyerta turut mempengaruhi pertumbuhan mandibula. Sesak napas saat lahir sebagai gejala klinis dari obstruksi jalan napas atas tidak berperan terhadap risiko OSA. ......Background: Clinical signs of Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) including micrognathy, glossoptosis, upper airway obstruction, and palatal cleft. The presence of sydrome contributes to the growth and severity of airway obstruction. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) related to airway obstruction is common condition in infants with PRS. Objective: To know mandibular morphology and risk of OSA in patients at RSAB Harapan Kita. Methods: This research is a retrospective study. A total of 11 patients met the selection criteria of this study. Data on age, associated syndrom, history of breath difficulties at birth were obtained from medical records. The cephalometry were measured mandibular length, ramus height, mandibular body length, and sudut gonial. Patients were also evaluated for risk of OSA using brouillette questionnaire. Results: Mandibular length, mandibular body length, and sudut gonial differed significantly between the 5 years and 10 years cephalometric collection age groups. Mandibular length differed significantly betweenn the nonsyndromuc and syndromic PRS. There was no significant difference in OSA risk based on the patient’s age or syndrome status. History of breath difficulties at birth was correlated with mandibular morpholgy, but it was not correlated to risk of OSA. Conclusion: Persistent micrognathic showed no catch up growth in the patients of PRS in this study. Associated syndrome or disorder affected the growth of the mandible. History of breath difficulties at birth as a clinical symptom of upper airway obstruction did not contribute to risk of OSA.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: xylitol adalah gula alkohol berantai karbon lima (polyol) yang banyak digunakan sebagai pemanis alami dalam bentuk permen karet untuk mencegah karies gigi. Xylitol memiliki efek antikaries karena dapat menghambat pertumbuhan S. mutans yang merupakan salah satu agen utama penyebab karies gigi, menurunkan pembentukan plak dan meningkatkan remineralisasi gigi. Pulpa gigi berperan penting bagi vitalitas gigi. Pada pulpa gigi yang terbuka, xylitol dapat berpenetrasi dan menimbulkan efek biologik pada sel. Tujuan: untuk mendeteksi efek xylitol terhadap viabilitas dan profil protein sel-sel pulpa gigi (in vitro). Metode: sel-sel pulpa gigi didapat dari gigi sehat yang baru diekstraksi, dan dikultur dalam medium kultur DMEM (37°C, 5% CO2) hingga confluent. Selanjutnya sel-sel tersebut disubkultur pada kondisi yang sama selama semalam di 24-wellplate. Setelah itu kelompok perlakuan dipaparkan xylitol dengan konsentrasi 2%, 4%, 8% dan 16%. Sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol tidak diberi xylitol. Viabilitas sel diukur dengan MTT assay. Sedangkan profil protein dianalisis dengan SDS PAGE. Hasil: rerata optical density (OD) kelompok xylitol 2% (1,784 ± 0,052), 4% (2,465 ± 0,057), 8% (2,168 ± 0,162), dan 16% (1,912 ± 0,148) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (1,566 ± 0,069). Uji statistik Oneway ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa seluruh kelompok perlakuan berbeda bermakna dengan kontrol (p<0,05). Persentase viabilitas sel diperoleh dari rerata optical density. Viabilitas sel kelompok xylitol 2% (113,92%), 4% (157,40%), 8% (138,44%), dan 16% (122,09%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (100%). Dari hasil SDS PAGE, tampak perubahan profil protein sel-sel pulpa gigi. Simpulan: terdapat peningkatan viabilitas sel dan perubahan profil protein sel-sel pulpa gigi setelah pemaparan xylitol. ......Background: xylitol is five carbon sugar alcohol (polyol) which is used as natural sweetener in chewing gum to prevent dental caries. Xylitol has anticaries effect as it can inhibit the growth of S. Mutans, one of the main etiology of dental caries, decrease plaque formation, and increase tooth remineralization. Dental pulp has an important role in dental vitality. In exposed dental pulp, xylitol can penetrate and induce biological response of the cells. Objective: to detect the effects of xylitol to cell viability and protein profile of dental pulp cells (in vitro). Method: dental pulp cells were obtained from healthy and freshly extracted teeth, and were cultured in DMEM (37°C, 5% CO2) until confluent. Subsequently, they were subcultured in same condition overnight on 24-well plate. Afterwards, the treatment groups were exposed by 2%, 4%, 8%, and 16% xylitol. Whilst, the control group was not exposed by xylitol. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Whereas, the protein profile was analized by SDS PAGE. Results: the mean of optical density of treatment group with xylitol 2% (1,784 ± 0,052), 4% (2,465 ± 0,057), 8% (2,168 ± 0,162), and 16% (1,912 ± 0,148) were higher than control group (1,566 ± 0,069). Statistical test Oneway ANOVA showed that all the treatment groups were significantly different compared with the control (p<0,05). The percentage of cell viability was obtained from the mean of optical density. The cell viability of xylitol 2% (113,92%), 4% (157,40%), 8% (138,44%), dan 16% (122,09%) were higher than control group (100%). From SDS PAGE, there was protein profile alteration. Conclusion: there was an increased of cell viability and the alteration of protein profile of dental pulp cells after treated with xylitol.