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Abstrak :
Pada 2009-2018, tingkat Rasio Kecukupan Modal (CAR) di ASEAN-5 sedang dalam tren naik. Sementara itu, efisiensi keuntungan bank dalam tren menurun. Fenomena ini tidak sesuai dengan temuan dari estimasi linear dimana CAR dan efisiensi laba bank memiliki hubungan positif. Penulis kemudian menguji hubungan non-linearitas di bawah hipotesa Expected Bankruptcy Cost. Hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara modal dan kinerja bank adalah positif non-linear atau U terbalik. Skripsi ini menguji apakah dampak CAR terhadap efisiensi laba bank sebagai proksi kinerja bank di ASEAN-5 adalah secara non-linear. Penulis menghitung efisiensi laba bank menggunakan Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). Untuk menguji hubungan antara CAR dan efisiensi laba bank di ASEAN - 5, sistem GMM digunakan. Temuan estimasi non-linear adalah CAR dan efisiensi keuntungan bank di ASEAN - 5 memiliki hubungan non-linier positif atau U terbalik yang sesuai dengan hipotesa Expected Bankruptcy Cost. Di bawah hipotesis, jika modal bank lebih tinggi dari nilai optimalnya, peningkatan modal akan mengurangi kinerja bank. Ini sesuai dengan temuan yang berarti CAR di ASEAN - 5 saat ini sedang di atas nilai optimalnya, oleh karena itu, meningkatkan CAR akan menurunkan efisiensi keuntungan bank. ...... From 2009 – 2018, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) level in ASEAN – 5 is in an uptrend. Meanwhile, bank’s profit efficiency is in a downtrend. This phenomenon doesn’t match the finding from linear estimation that CAR and bank’s profit efficiency has a positive relationship. The author then looks to test for non-linearity relationship under Expected Bankruptcy Cost Hypothesis. The hypothesis shows that the relationship between capital and bank’s performance is positive non-linear or inverted U. This undergraduate thesis test whether the impact of CAR to bank’s profit efficiency as the proxy of bank’s performance in ASEAN – 5 is in a non-linear way. The author calculates the bank’s profit efficiency using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). To test the relationship between CAR and bank’s profit efficiency in ASEAN – 5, system GMM is used. The finding of the non-linear estimation is CAR and bank’s profit efficiency in ASEAN – 5 has a positive non-linear or inverted U relationship which correspond with the Expected Bankruptcy Cost Hypothesis. Under the hypothesis, if bank’s capital is higher than its optimum value, increasing capital will reduce bank’s performance. This match with the finding which means that the CAR in ASEAN – 5 is currently above its optimum value, therefore, increasing the CAR will result in the decrease of bank’s profit efficiency.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Teknologi taman vertikal (dinding hijau) merupakan suatu konsep penanaman vegetasi alami yang dibangun secara tegak lurus atau vertikal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengidentifikasi potensi taman vertikal sebagai suatu solusi keterbatasan ruang hijau dan pengendali kualitas udara di wilayah Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) terbatas pada wilayah gedung bertingkat tinggi. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan mengidentifikasi komponen biaya dan manfaat serta mengetahui pengetahuan, persepsi dan sikap masyarakat terhadap teknologi taman vertikal ini. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode perbandingan berdasarkan kondisi eksisting tutupan tanah berdasarkan hasil citra Landsat dan pengukuran kualitas udara, analisis biaya dan manfaat serta analisis frekuensi untuk kuesioner. Proporsi luas tutupan vegetasi pada wilayah penelitian sebesar 21,13%, taman vertikal mampu menjadi RTH pengendali kualitas udara dengan menurunkan konsentrasi CO2 sebesar 4,85%, nilai B/C ratio sebesar 14,63 serta pengelola gedung memiliki tingkat persepsi terhadap manfaat teknologi taman vertikal diatas 75,9%.

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ABSTRACT
Vertical garden technology (green wall) is a concept of natural vegetation constructed perpendicularly or vertically. This study aims to analyze and identify potential vertical garden as a green solution to space limitations and control of air quality in the area of green open space (RTH) is limited to the area of high-rise buildings. This study also aims to identify the components of the costs and benefits as well as knowing knowledge, perceptions and attitudes towards this vertical garden technologies. The analysis was performed by the method of comparison based on the existing condition of land cover based on Landsat imagery and measurement of air quality, cost-benefit analysis and frequency analysis to the questionnaires. Proportion of vegetation covered in the study area by 21,13%, vertical gardens could become RTH controlling air quality by reducing CO2 concentration of 4,89% , the value of B/C ratio of 14,63 and building management have a certain level of perceptions of the benefits of vertical garden technologies above 75,9%., Vertical garden technology (green wall) is a concept of natural vegetation constructed perpendicularly or vertically. This study aims to analyze and identify potential vertical garden as a green solution to space limitations and control of air quality in the area of green open space (RTH) is limited to the area of high-rise buildings. This study also aims to identify the components of the costs and benefits as well as knowing knowledge, perceptions and attitudes towards this vertical garden technologies. The analysis was performed by the method of comparison based on the existing condition of land cover based on Landsat imagery and measurement of air quality, cost-benefit analysis and frequency analysis to the questionnaires. Proportion of vegetation covered in the study area by 21,13%, vertical gardens could become RTH controlling air quality by reducing CO2 concentration of 4,89% , the value of B/C ratio of 14,63 and building management have a certain level of perceptions of the benefits of vertical garden technologies above 75,9%.]