Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Depresi merupakan dampak psikologis yang paling umum terjadi pada penderita stroke. Penanganan Depresi Pasca Stroke dapat membantu penderita beradaptasi dengan kondisi saat ini yang mempengaruhi kesehatan fisik dan kesejahteraan psikologis bagi para penderita, khususnya penderita lanjut usia. Tujuan: Untuk melihat efektivitas Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) dalam menurunkan depresi pasca stroke pada penderita stroke lanjut usia. Metode: Satu orang lansia penderita depresi pasca stroke diberikan intervensi REBT sebanyak delapan kali pertemuan. Intervensi ini mencakup psikoedukasi, activity scheduling, restrukturisasi kognitif (disputing), pemecahan masalah, pemberian tugas rumah serta latihan relaksasi. Pengukuran efektivitas dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi diberikan dengan menggunakan Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) dan Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Hasil: Partisipan mengalami penurunan depresi dan peningkatan kepuasan hidup setelah berpartisipasi dalam intervensi REBT. Kegiatan yang paling berperan dalam intervensi ini adalah latihan relaksasi dan activity scheduling. Kesimpulan: Intervensi REBT efektif dalam menurunkan depresi pada lansia penderita stroke. ......Background: Depression is the most common psychological effect that is found in stroke patients. Treating Post Stroke Depression (PSD) might help the patients to cope with current condition. It also affects the physical health and psyhological well being in patients, especially the elderly ones. Purpose: To observe the effectiveness of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) in reducing depression in an elderly stroke patient. Methods: The REBT intervention was given to an elderly PSD patient. The intervention consists of eight sessions with following activities: psychoeducation, activity scheduling, cognitive restructuring (disputing), problem solving, homework, and relaxation. The effectiveness of the therapy is measured by Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) dan Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) that was given before and after the intervention. Results: The participant experienced a decrease in depression and improvement in life satisfaction after participating in this intervention. Relaxation and activity scheduling, among others, are considered to be the most influencing activities in the intervention. Conclusion: A Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) is effective to reduce depression in an elderly stroke patient.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sejauh mana pemberian teknik terapi Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management (CBSM) dalam mengurangi tingkat stres pada istri dalam hubungan commuter marriage. Proses screening awal dilakukan dengan cara memberikan Marital Taxon Self-Report Measure dan Life Distress Inventory (LDI), serta wawancara pada istri dalam hubungan commuter marriage yang berminat mengikuti proses screening. Setelah screening,dilakukan terpilihlah tiga orang partisipan yang memenuhi kriteria partisipan penelitian dan bersedia mengikuti mengikuti sesi CBSM sebanyak 7 kali. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain one group before-after study, dimana peneliti melihat perubahan skor partisipan saat pre-test dan post-test. Hasil kuantitatif dan kualitatif dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa CBSM terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan tingkat stres pada istri dalam hubungan commuter marriage. ...... This study is aim to evaluate the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management in reducing stress among wife in commuter marriage relationship. Researcher used Marital Taxon Self-Report Measure and Life Distress Inventory and brief interview in screening process. Through screening process, researcher got three participants who was willing to attend seven sessions of CBSM. Researcher used before-after study design to find out if CBSM could reduce stress. Results suggest that CBSM is effective to reduced stress for wife in commuter marriage relationship.

Abstrak :
Memasuki masa perkuliahan menjadi transisi hidup yang rentan menimbulkan stres karena menuntut individu untuk menyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungan pendidikan dan sosial yang sepenuhnya baru. Sebuah hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa 39% mahasiswa UI mengalami distres psikologis yang tinggi, dan 10.6% melaporkan adanya masalah Adjustment to College World (ACW). Self-esteem merupakan prediktor yang krusial dari college adjustment. Mahasiswa dengan self-esteem rendah rentan mengalami distres psikologis. Salah satu teknik untuk meningkatkan self-esteem adalah melalui dukungan sosial. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan intervensi psikologis berupa Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) untuk mengoptimalkan dukungan sosial dari hubungan interpersonal yang dimiliki. Metode: Penelitian randomized controlled trial dilakukan menggunakan desain one-group pretest-posttest dan teknik accidental sampling. Intervensi dilakukan sebanyak enam pertemuan setiap satu minggu sekali dengan melibatkan empat partisipan yang memiliki self-esteem di bawah rata-rata menurut Rosenberg Self- Esteem Scale (RSES) distres psikologis tinggi menurut Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25 (HSCL-25), dan masalah pada ranah adjustment to college world. Hasil: Keempat partisipan mengalami peningkatan self-esteem berdasarkan alat ukur RSES dan penurunan distres psikologis berdasarkan alat ukur HSCL-25. Secara umum, keempat partisipan merasakan adanya pandangan yang lebih positif mengenai dirinya dan berkurangnya kecemasan terhadap penilaian orang lain. Kesimpulan: IPT efektif untuk meningkatkan self-esteem dan mengurangi distres psikologis pada mahasiswa UI. Hasil refleksi dari partisipan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan keterbukaan dalam mengekspresikan perasaan. Teknik-teknik yang dianggap paling membantu adalah survei kualitas positif diri dan role play.

---

Attending college is a stressful life transition for many students as they have the demands to adapt with new educational and social environments. A preliminary study showed that 39% of undergraduate students at Universitas Indonesia was considered to have high level of psychological distress, and 10.6% of this population reported to experience Adjustment to College World (ACW) problems. Self-esteem was found to be a crucial predictor of college adjustment. Students with low self-esteem are predicted to have poor adjustment and also susceptible to psychological distress. One of the treatments to increase self-esteem is through social support enhancement. Therefore, Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) is conducted to assist participants in establishing and maintaining supportive relationships as well as enhancing self-appreciation skills. Methods: Randomized controlled trial was conducted using one-group pretestposttest design and accidental sampling to recruit participants. The treatment was conducted in 6 (six) weekly sessions to each of four undergraduate students with low self-esteem according to the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), high level of psychological distress according to the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25 (HSCL-25), and some adjustment to college world problems. Result: All participants reported improvements in self-esteem and reductions in psychological distress symptoms according to the RSES and HSCL-25. Overall, the four participants explained that the treatment had built more positive feelings about themselves and made them less anxious about people?s judgements. Conclusion: IPT is considered effective to increase self-esteem and reduce psychological distress symptoms among undergraduate students at Universitas Indonesia. Participants reported some improvements in their self-disclosure and self-appreciation. Techniques that are considered helpful were positive qualities survey and role play.

Abstrak :
Tesis ini terfokus pada usaha untuk mencegah penurunan perceived organizational support dan kepuasan kerja melalui program Information Sharing di PT. X. Peneliti pun melakukan wawancara kepada karyawan PT. X, dimana karyawan mengeluhkan kurangnya meratanya pemberian kegiatan pengembangan khususnya pelatihan, dimana hal tersebut dapat dipersepsikan sebagai ketidakadilan organisasi dalam melakukan pemerataan kegiatan pengembangan. Adanya persepsi ketidakadilan perlu diminimalisir, salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan program information sharing. Peneliti melihat hubungan antara perceived organizational support dengan kepuasan kerja. Dari hasil analisis terhadap 37 karyawan di PT. X, ditemukan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara perceived organizational support dengan kepuasan kerja. Ditemukan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,662 dan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p<0,001). Dari hasil penelitian juga ditemukan terdapat 8 karyawan yang memiliki perceived organizational support yang rendah dan 14 karyawan yang merasakan ketidakpuasan terhadap organisasi. Oleh karena itu, peneliti memutuskan untuk melakukan upaya pencegahan dengan merancang program intervensi information sharing. Program information sharing dilakukan oleh atasan kepada bawahan. Sosialisasi program dilakukan kepada pihak HRD, pihak HR pun memberikan tanggapan atas program yang peneliti ajukan. Pada dasarnya pihak HR PT. X mendukung adanya program tersebut, dimana dengan adanya program tersebut maka terdapat wadah penyampaian informasi kepada karyawan di organisasi.

---

This thesis focuses on efforts to prevent the degradation of perceived organizational support and job satisfaction through information sharing program in company X. Researcher conducted interviews to Company X employees, where employees complain on the disparity of development program especially training, which can be perceived as organization unfairness. Thus, injustice perceptions from employees need to minimalize through information sharing program. Researcher observes the correlation between perceived organizational support and job satisfaction. Analysis from 37 employees in company X has resulted that there is a significant relationship between perceived organizational support and job satisfaction with the coefficient of correlation is 0.662 and the score of signification 0.000 (p<0,01). The research also found that there are 8 workers that have low perceived organizational support and 14 workers that dissatisfied with their company. Therefore, researcher decided to design an information sharing intervention program. Information sharing program will be conducted from superior to subordinate. Human resource in company X gave a feedback after the researcher carried out a socialization on information sharing program. They basically support the program, since the existence of the program provides a forum to deliver information to employees within the organization.

Abstrak :
Tesis ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepuasan kerja dan efektivitas komunikasi interpersonal atasan-bawahan melalui intervensi pelatihan komunikasi interpersonal untuk supervisor di PT X. Alat ukur Kepuasan Kerja (Spector, 1997) dengan α = .897 dan Efektivitas Komunikasi Interpersonal (DeVito, 1996) dengan α = .891. Hasil uji korelasi Pearson terhadap 39 karyawan non-supervisory level, adalah terdapat hubungan signifikan antara kepuasan kerja dan efektivitas komunikasi interpersonal atasan-bawahan ( r = .451 dan signifikansi .004, p< .05). Peneliti memberikan intervensi pelatihan komunikasi interpersonal bagi supervisor untuk meningkatkan efektivitas komunikasi interpersonal antara atasan dan bawahan. Sosialisasi kepada manajemen perusahaan dilakukan untuk menggantikan program pelatihan yang direncanakan. Tanggapan menejemen terhadap program pelatihan ini ialah cukup bagus karena memaparkan secara lengkap agenda pelatihannya. Dengan demikian, pelatihan komunikasi interpersonal sesuai untuk meningkatkan efektivitas komunikasi interpersonal pada supervisor di PT.X. Walaupun demikian, manajemen perlu melakukan pelatihan yang sudah diprogramkan secara konsisten. ......The research was performed to observe relationship of job satisfaction and superior-subordinate interpersonal communication effectivity through interpersonal communication training at PT.X. The reliability of Job Satisfaction Survey (Spector, 1997) is .897 and the reliability of interpersonal communication effectivity (DeVito, 1996) is .891. The result of Pearson Correlation from 39 non-supervisory employees, there is a significant relationship between job satisfaction and superior-subordinate interpersonal communication effectivity (r = .451 and significance score of .004, p< .05). Researcher planned to intervene by interpersonal communication training for supervisor to improve communication interpersonal effectivity between superior and subordinate. Socialization to the management about the intervention was held as substitution of the training itself. Management said that the intervention program is good enough to apply because the researcher described from training stage to evaluation stage. The conclusion is interpersonal communication training for supervisor is suitable to improve superior-subordinate interpersonal communication effectivity. However, management still needs to hold the programmed training constantly.

Abstrak :
Tingkat distres psikologis mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia (UI) termasuk tinggi, sebesar 39%. Sebanyak 9,1% mahasiswa melaporkan masalah Social-Psychological Relations (SPR) menjadi masalah terberatnya. Masalah ini berkaitan dengan rendahnya keterampilan sosial. Keterampilan sosial yang rendah menjadi prediktor terhadap kemunculan distres psikologis. Keterampilan ini melibatkan persepsi dan evaluasi individu terhadap suatu situasi sosial, seperti merasa tidak mampu menjalin hubungan dengan baik, evaluasi negatif terhadap diri sendiri tanpa bukti, dan takut akan penilaian negatif dari orang lain. Salah satu intervensi yang efektif adalah Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). CBT bertujuan untuk merestrukturisasi kognitif agar muncul respon yang lebih adaptif. Metode Penelitian randomized control trial ini dilakukan dengan one group before-andafter study design dan convenience sampling di UI Depok. Intervensi dengan CBT dilakukan sebanyak 6 sesi. Hasil Kedua partisipan mengalami peningkatan keterampilan sosial dan penurunan distres psikologis, diketahui dari perbaikan skor Social Skills Inventory (SSI), Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25), dan evaluasi kualitatif. Kesimpulan CBT efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan sosial dan menurunkan distres psikologis pada mahasiswa UI. Teknik yang dianggap membantu adalah penentuan tujuan, thought diary, pencarian bukti, pembuatan thought card, behavior experiment, dan teknik bernapas. ......The psychological distress level of undergraduate students in Universitas Indonesia was considered high, with index of 39%. A number of 9.1% undergraduate students reported to experienced Social Psychological Relations problem as the main issue. This problem related to the low social skills. Low expertise in social skills was predicted as the main cause of psychological distress. This skills involving individual perception and evaluation to a certain social situations, such as self-perceived to be incompetent to build a good relationship, negative self-evaluation without proper evidence, and fear of negative evaluation from others. One of the effective intervention techniques to deal with this problem is Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). The aim of CBT is cognitive restructuring, in order to create more adaptive responses. Method Randomized control trial was conducted with one group before-and-after study and also convenience sampling in Universitas Indonesia. The intervention was conducted in 6 sessions. Result Both participants reported that the social skills increased and the psychological distress reduced indicated by the improvement score in Social Skills Inventory (SSI), Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25), and also qualitative evaluation. Conclusion CBT is an effective intervention to increase social skills and reduce psychological distress among undergraduate students at Universitas Indonesia. Techniques that are considered helpful were goal-setting thought diary, evidences seeking, thought card, behavior experiment, and breathing technique.