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Abstrak :
Kanker kepala dan leher merupakan kanker yang menggambarkan berbagai tumor ganas yang berasal dari saluran aerodigestif atas, yang meliputi kanker pada mata, telinga, rongga hidung, sinus paranasal, nasofaring, orofaring, hipofaring, laring, kelenjar saliva, dan kelenjar tiroid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi akupunktur manual terhadap kadar MDA dan skor NAS dibandingkan dengan akupunktur manual sham pada penderita kanker kepala dan leher pasca terapi radiasi. Uji klinis acak tersamar tunggal dengan kontrol dilakukan terhadap 30 pasien kanker kepala dan leher yang dibagi secara acak menjadi kelompok akupunktur manual n=15 dan kelompok akupunktur manual sham n=15. Pemeriksaan kadar MDA dilakukan sebelum perlakuan dan setelah sesi ke-12. Penilaian skor NAS dilakukan pada saat sebelum perlakuan, setelah sesi ke-6, dan setelah sesi ke-12. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok akupunktur manual dengan kelompok akupunktur manual sham terhadap penurunan kadar MDA sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan p=0,787. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok manual dengan akupunktur manual sham terhadap penurunan skor NAS sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan yang diukur pada sesi ke-6 p=0,001 dan sesi ke-12 p=0,003. Kesimpulan penelitian ini terapi akupunktur manual efektif untuk menurunkan skor NAS, namun kurang efektif untuk menurunkan kadar MDA pada penderita kanker kepala dan leher pasca terapi radiasi.

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Head and neck cancer encompasses a wide range of malignant tumours arising from the upper aerodigestive tract, includes eyes, ears, nasal cavities, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, salivary glands, and thyroid gland. This study aims to determine the effect of manual acupuncture therapy on MDA levels and NAS scores compared with manual sham acupuncture in patients with head and neck cancer post radiation therapy. Single blinded randomized clinical trials with control were performed on 30 head and neck cancer patients divided randomly into manual acupuncture groups n = 15 and the sham manual acupuncture group n = 15. The examination of MDA levels is performed before treatment and after the 12th session. Assessment of NAS scores is performed before the treatment, after the 6th session, and after the 12th session. The result showed no significant difference between manual acupuncture group and sham manual acupuncture group to decrease MDA level before and after treatment p = 0,787. There was a significant difference between manual group and sham manual acupuncture on NAS score decrease before and after treatment measured at 6th session p = 0,001 and 12th session p = 0,003. The conclusion: manual acupuncture therapy effectively decrease NAS scores, but statistically less effective to reduce levels of MDA in patients with head and neck cancer after radiotherapy.

Abstrak :
Pada kanker kepala dan leher ditemukan adanya peningkatan kadar radikal bebas dan penurunan aktivitas antioksidan, yaitu Superoksida Dismutase SOD. Salah satu terapi utama pada pasien kanker kepala dan leher adalah terapi radiasi. Efek tidak langsung terapi radiasi adalah meningkatkan kadar radikal bebas. Selain itu efek samping terapi radiasi menyebabkan penurunan kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini dibagi secara acak menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok akupunktur manual n=15 dan kelompok akupunktur manual sham n=15. Penelitian ini menggunakan titik GV20 Baihui, LI4 Hegu, ST36 Zusanli, SP6 Sanyinjao, dan LR3 Taichong. Terapi dilakukan tiga kali seminggu selama 30 menit sebanyak 12 kali. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa selisih skor SOD tidak ada perbedaan bermakna secara statistik antara kedua kelompok p=0.695 tetapi adanya perbedaan bermakna secara statistik pada selisih skor Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer EORTC QLQ-C-30 sebelum dan setelah dua belas kali terapi antara kedua kelompok.

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In head and neck cancer found an increase in free radical levels and decreased antioxidant activity, namely Superoxide Dismutase SOD . One of the main therapies in head and neck cancer patients is radiation therapy. The indirect effect of radiation therapy is to increase the levels of free radicals. In addition, side effects of radiation therapy lead to a decrease in the quality of life. The study was randomly divided into two groups, the manual acupuncture group n = 15 and the manual acupuncture group sham n = 15. This study uses GV20 Baihui point, LI4 Hegu, ST36 Zusanli, SP6 Sanyinjao, and LR3 Taichong. Therapy is done three times a week for 30 minutes as much as 12 times. The results of this study showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the difference between the two groups p = 0.695 but there was a statistically significant difference in the difference between the QLQ-C-30 Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer EORTC score before and after twelve times of therapy between the two groups p

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Gen Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist IL-1RN merupakan gen yang mengkodekan protein IL-1RN dan polimorfisme VNTR 86bp gen tersebut telah dihubungkan dengan terjadinya berbagai kanker, termasuk kanker kepala dan leher KKL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan polimorfisme gen IL-1RN pada penderita KKL di Indonesia. Metode: Analisis Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR digunakan pada sampel DNA tersimpan dari 50 subyek kontrol dan 50 subyek penderita KKL untuk melihat polimorfisme gen IL-1RN VNTR. Hasil: Persentase genotip pembawa alel A2 alel mutan adalah 18 pada sampel kontrol dan 32 pada sampel penderita KKL. Nilai p>0,05 untuk distribusi genotip dan alel pada sampel kontrol dan penderita KKL. Kesimpulan: Ditemukan polimorfisme gen IL-1RN VNTR pada penderita KKL dan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada distribusi polimorfisme gen IL-1RN VNTR antara penderita KKL dan individu sehat di Indonesia.

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Background: Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist IL-1RN gene encodes IL-1RN protein and its 86bp variable number of tandem repeat VNTR polymorphism within intron 2 has been associated with the development of several cancers, including head and neck cancer HNC. This study aimed to describe the IL-1RN polymorphism of HNC patients in Indonesia. Methods: The polymerase chain reaction PCR analysis was conducted on stored blood derived DNA samples from 50 control subjects and 50 HNC subjects for IL-1RN VNTR polymorphism. Results: The percentage of A2 carrier genotype is 18 in control samples and 32 in HNC samples. The p value is 0,05 in the frequencies of genotypes or alleles in both control and cancer groups. Conclusion: There is IL-1RN VNTR gene polymorphism in HNC patients and there is no significant association of IL 1RN VNTR polymorphism between HNC patients and healthy individuals in the studied Indonesian population.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Pasien kanker kepala leher (KKL) yang mendapatkan kemoradiasi berisiko mengalami malnutrisi dan meningkat hingga 88 % saat akhir kemoradiasi. Efek samping kemoradiasi berupa xerostomia, mukositis, mual atau muntah menambah penurunan status nutrisi dan kapasitas fungsional. Monitoring status nutrisi melalui penilaian berat badan (BB) dan kekuatan genggam tangan (KGT) sebagai cara sederhana dan minimal invasif dibandingkan alat pemeriksaan lain seperti pengukur komposisi tubuh dan Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). Belum diketahui frekuensi kunjungan optimal ke poli gizi selama menjalani kemoradiasi. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode potong lintang, dilakukan di Radioterapi RSCM (IPTOR RSUPNCM).Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat korelasi frekuensi kunjungan pasien KKL yang menjalani kemoradiasi terhadap BB dan KGT, dengan kriteria inklusi adalah pasien KKL dewasa, usia 19 hingga 59 tahun, yang menjalani kemoradiasi pada 10 fraksi terakhir, dan bersedia masuk dalam penelitian. Pengukuran BB menggunakan timbangan merk Omron® Karada-HBF-375, kekuatan genggam tangan menggunakan Jamar® handgrip pada tangan kanan dominan subjek. Hasil: Rerata BB 55,65±12,34 kg, rerata KGT 29,24±10,74 kg, dan rerata frekuensi 1 kali. Rerata asupan energi 1225,96±501,22 kkal, protein median 41 g, rerata lemak 33,5±18,8g dan KH 182,2±78,3g. Korelasi antara frekuensi kunjungan terhadap BB (r= 0,61, p= 0,66) dan KGT (r=0,06, p= 0,64). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat korelasi antara frekuensi kunjungan terhadap BB dan KGT. ......Background: Head and neck cancer patients who get chemoradiated are at risk of malnutrition and an increase in malnutrition of up to 88% at the end of chemoradiation. Side effects of chemoradiation in the form of xerostomia, mucositis, nausea or vomiting add to the decrease : Luana Lidwina in nutritional status and functional capacity. Monitoring nutritional status, one of which is carried out by assessing body weight (BW) and hand-holding strength (HGS). BW and HGS assessments are a simple and minimally invasive way for people with head and neck cancer (HNC) compared to other examination tools such as body composition measuring devices, Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), and require high costs. It is not yet known the frequency of optimal visits of HNC patients to the nutrition poly during the moradiation period. Methods: This study used the cross section method, conducted in RSCM Radiotherapy (IPTOR RSUPNCM). This study aims to see a correlation between the frequency of visits by HNC patients undergoing morbidity to BW and HGS. Subjects included as inclusion criteria were adult HNC patients, ages 19 to 59, who underwent chemoradiation in the last 10 fractions, and were willing to enter the study to be taken. BW measurements using omron® Karada- HBF-375 brand scales, hand grip strength using Jamar® handgrip on the dominant right hand of the subject. Result: The weight of the subjects had an average of 55.6 5±12.34 kg, HGS had an average of 29.24±10.74 kg, and an average frequency of 1 time. Average energy intake 1225.96±501.22 kcal, median protein 41 g, average fat 33.5±18.8g and KH 182.2±78.3g. Correlation between the frequency of visits to BW (r= 0.61, p= 0.66) and HGS (r=0.06, p= 0.64). Conclusion: There was no correlation between the frequency of visits to BB and KGT.