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"Latar belakang dan Tujuan: Persentase pasien yang gagal dalam pengukuran kekakuan hati menggunakan transient elastography bervariasi antara 2-10%, umumnya disebabkan oleh obesitas. probe XL, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan pengukuran kekakuan hati pada pasien dengan obesitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai keberhasilan pengukuran kekakuan hati dengan menggunakan probe M dan XL serta faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Metode Penelitian: Pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil pemeriksaan kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji statistik unpaired t-test atau Mann-Whitney dan uji statistik McNemar. Hasil Penelitian: Dari 92 pasien NAFLD dengan obesitas yang diteliti, Proporsi keberhasilan pengukuran kekakuan hati menggunakan probe M adalah 57,6 %, sedangkan dengan probe XL 88,0%. Perbedaan ini bermakna secara statistik (p < 0,001). Faktor IMT, SCD dan lingkar toraks berhubungan dengan keberhasilan pengukuran kekakuan hati dengan menggunakan probe M, dengan nilai p masingmasing 0,007,0,001 dan 0,001. Variabel yang sama dengan probe XL tidak menunjukkan hubungan bermakna, dengan nilai p masing-masing 0,321, 0,817 dan 0,216. Hasil uji statistik Mann-Whitney didapatkan nilai median dari IMT dan SCD yang tidak berhasil dilakukan pengukuran kekakuan hati dengan menggunakan probe M adalah masing-masing 32,7Kg/m2 dan 2,6 cm. Hasil uji statistik T-test didapatkan nilai Mean dari lingkar toraks yang tidak berhasil dengan pengukuran kekakuan hati dengan menggunakan probe M adalah 97,8 cm. Kesimpulan: Proporsi keberhasilan pengukuran kekakuan hati pada pasien NAFLD dengan obesitas dengan menggunakan probe XL lebih baik dibandingkan dengan probe M. Faktor IMT, SCD dan Lingkar Toraks berhubungan dengan keberhasilan pengukuran kekakuan hati dengan menggunakanan probe M. Variabel yang sama tidak berhubungan dengan probe XL.

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Background and Aims: The percentage of patients who failed in liver stiffness

measurement (LSM) using transient elastography (Fibroscan®) varies between 2-

10%, generally caused by obesity. The new XL probe, with enhanced features to use in obesity patients, is expected to overcome the limitations and increase . The aims of this prospective study were to asses the success rate of liver stiffness measurement using M and XL probes and influencing factors.

Methods: Patients who fulfilled inclusion criteria were examined for transient elastography with both Fibroscan ® M and XL probe. The results of examination then were analyzed with unpaired t-test or Mann –Whitney and Mc Nemar test.

Results: A total of 92 patients were evaluated, The proportion of successful liver stiffness measurement using M probe was 57,6 %. while the proportion of XL probe was 88 %. ( p< 0,001 ). Skin to liver capsule distance ( SCD ), body mass index ( BMI ) and thoracic circumference was associated with the successfulness of liver stiffness measurement using probe M with respective p values were 0,007, 0,001 and 0,001. The same variables were not associated with successful examination using the XL probe with p values were 0,321, 0,817 and 0,216 respectively. T-test analysis showed mean thoracic circumference value of unsuccessfull liver stiffness measurement using M probe was 97,8 cm. Mann-Whitney test showed median BMI and SCD value of unsuccessfull liver stiffness measurement were 32,7 kg/m2 and 2,6 cm respectively.

Conclusion: The proportion of successful liver stiffness measurement using XL probe higher than M probe. BMI , SCD and thoracic circumference were associated with the successful of liver stiffness measurement using a M probe. The same variables were not associated with successful examination using the XL probe."

"Pendahuluan: Cidera ginjal akut akibat kontras radiografi yang sering disebut sebagai Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) telah menjadi sumber morbiditas dan mortalitas di rumah sakit dengan terus meningkatnya penggunaan media kontras iodinasi dalam pencitraan diagnostik dan prosedur intervensi seperti angiografi pada pasien berisiko tinggi (mencapai 50%) pada 10 sampai 15 tahun terakhir. Terjadi dapat dalam 2 sampai 5 hari setelah tindakan. Metodologi: Sebanyak 101 pasien elektif untuk tindakan kateterisasi jantung diambil dalam studi eksperimental ini dengan metode consecutive sampling, mulai bulan Agustus hingga November 2013. Sampel penelitian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok metode hidrasi yaitu metode hidrasi LVEDP dan metode hidrasi standar. Diagnosis cidera ginjal akut akibat kontras ditegakkan berdasarkan kenaikan kadar serum kreatinin sebesar 0.5 mg/dL atau 25% dalam 3 hari setelah tindakan. Hasil: Dalam studi kami, terdapat 5 orang mengalami cidera ginjal akut akibat kontras, 3 orang (5.7%) dari metode hidrasi LVEDP dan 2 orang (4.2%) dari metode hidrasi standar. Secara statistik angka kejadian cidera ginjal akut pada dua kelompok tidak berbeda bermakna dengan nilai p=0.731. Setelah melalui uji regresi multivariat terhadap variabel-variabel yang dapat mempengaruhi didapatkan nilai odds rasio metode hidrasi LVEDP sebesar 3.6 (95% CI 0.4 - 31.3) terhadap metode hidrasi standar. Kesimpulan: Angka kejadian cidera ginjal akut akibat kontras radiografi antara metode LVEDP dan metode standar tidak berbeda bermakna secara statistik tetapi tampaknya metode LVEDP memiliki kecenderungan meningkatkan risiko untuk terjadi cidera ginjal akut sebesar 3.6 kali dibandingkan dengan metode standar yang digunakan di Rumah Sakit Pusat Jantung Nasional Harapan Kita.

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Background: Contrast Induced Nephropathy (CIN) remains a major problem because of the use of iodinated contrast media in heart catheterization is increasing. Incidence of CIN among high-risk patients is up to 50%. Intravenous hydration with normal saline before and after cardiac catheterization is the most effective methods to prevent this problem, but the hydration rate, duration and total hydration amount is still a question. By using Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure (LVEDP) data, we could adjust the hydration according to the needs of each patient.

Methods: A total of 101 high-risk patients (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate by Cockroft-Gault <60mL/min/1.73m2) who undergoes elective heart catheterization were included in this study from August to November 2013 at the Cardiovascular Hospital Harapan Kita Jakarta. Samples were divided into two groups of hydration methods (standard and LVEDP based) by consecutive sampling methods. CIN is diagnosed by absolute rise of > 0.5% mg/dL or 25% increase of serum creatinine from baseline within 3 days after procedures.

Results: There were total of 5 patients who experienced CIN, 3 (5.7%) patients from LVEDP hydration method and 2 (4.2%) patients from standard hydration method. Statistically, the incidence of CIN between two groups was not significant with p=0.731. After a multivariate regression analysis, the odd ratio of LVEDP hydration method is 3.6 (95% confident interval of 0.4 - 31.3).

Conclusion: There is no statistically significant difference incidence of CIN between LVEDP hydration method and standard hydration methods, but LVEDP hydration method seems tend to increase the risk of CIN."

"Suitable for the resident, fellow, practicing cardiologist, or nurse-practitioner treating patients with cardiovascular disease, this book features practical and effective approaches to common clinical syndromes - including clear guidance on administration of commonly prescribed medications and descriptions of proven therapeutic procedures."

"This Fifth Edition Resource, covers the entire scope of practice for cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention (CR/​SP) programs. This text was developed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation (AACVPR) and parallels federal guidelines for cardiac rehabilitation programs. It contains information on promoting positive lifestyle behavior patterns, reducing risk factors for disease progression, and lessening the impact of cardiovascular disease on quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. The text has been updated and restructured, providing the most current models for designing and updating rehabilitation programs for patients and preventing second episodes. In addition to chapter revisions, there is new content on behavior modification, risk factors, and special populations. The chapter covering program administration has been completely rewritten to include new regulations and reimbursement standards as well as additional suggestions for new models for CR/​SP. The most recent Core Competencies for Cardiac Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention Professionals and the Core Components of Cardiac Rehabilitation/​Secondary Prevention Programs have also been included in their entirety. There is strong evidence that participation in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention programs decreases mortality and recurrent morbidity after a cardiac event. These guidelines offers procedures for providing patients with low-cost, high-quality programming, moving them toward personal responsibility for disease management and secondary prevention over a lifetime."