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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Keberhasilan pembangunan dibidang kesehatan adalah cermin ketepatan setiap pimpinan kesehatan didalam mengambil keputusan dan merumuskan kebijaksanaan. Keputusan dan kebijaksanaan merupakan pemecahan masalah yang terstruktur dimana bentukan strukturnya terdiri dari berbagai informasi yang terkait dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi.

Informasi merupakan hasil olahan dan analisa terhadap data yang dihimpun melalui suatu sistem yang dibangun baik dalam bentuk survey atau laporan rutin. Salah satu kriteria Informasi yang baik adalah yang On time dan On demand , oleh karenanya data hasil laporan rutin menjadi penting artinya didalam menjalankan manajemen suatu organisasi.

Rentang organisasi Departemen Kesehatan, yang lebar dan berjenjang, menghendaki suatu sistem informasi yang handal. Keberadaan Puskesmas yang relatif dekat dan merata ditengah-tengah masyarakat, adalah sumber informasi yang baik bagi Departemen Kesehatan. Oleh karena itu sejak dikembangkannya Konsep Pembangunan Puskesmas, Departemen Kesehatan telah mengembangkan sistem informasi dengan bentuk pencatatan dan pelaporan Puskesmas. Yang pada akhirnya disebut Sistem Pencatatan dan Pelaporan Terpadu Puskesmas ( SP2TP).

Luas wilayah dan heterogenitas letak geografi mengakibatkan tidak terjaminnya kelengkapan laporan yang diterima oleh jenjang administrasi yang lebih tinggi seperti di Propinsi dan di Pusat.

Untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan informasi dengan mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan data yang tersedia, perlu mengganti atau mengisi data yang tidak lengkap dengan menggunakan metode statistik yang dikenal yaitu Metode Imputasi. Agar hasil pengolahan dan analisa dapat menjadi informasi yang representatif harus ada batasan - batasan yang digunakan.

Bertitik tolak dari permasalahan tersebut, peneliti mencoba untuk menggali batasan-batasan data yang masih layak untuk dilakukan Imputasi agar diperoleh informasi yang baik dengan memanfaatkan data yang tersedia. Untuk itu, dilakukan simulasi imputasi dengan menggunakan data yang lengkap dari laporan SP2TP dari Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tahun 1998.

Dengan diperolehnya batasan-batasan data yang layak untuk dilakukan imputasi, diharapkan kebutuhan informasi dapat terpenuhi sesuai dengan dengan kriteria yang diharapkan.

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ABSTRACT
Application Imputation Method on Health Center Data Processing Collected through SP2TP in 1998Reliable information is an information, which is supported by accurate, timely, actual, inter-related and continuing data. To obtain information that meet the above criteria the existence of health center dosed to the community is suitable to be the source of good health information.

in line with the increasing health problems faced by health sectors, the role of information is becoming more important in detection and prioritizing the problems and developing intervention policy to be applied. in order to provide health information, in 1981 Ministry of Health endorsed SP2TP. With the SP2TP, it is expected that the responsible person in every level of administration will obtain reliable and correct health information.

However, in the implementation of SP2TP, the management has not yet integrated with other health center program, both in provision of resources and utilization. Therefore, the activity is considered as an additional burden for the health personnel. Planning system is dominated by top down policy creating less concern and low compliance of health center in recording and reporting the activity and the result. As a consequence, the data collected through SP2TP is becoming in complete and less accurate.

Health center contributions in providing information on health situation in the working area is indicated through extend of community's reliability toward health center, which is reflected through number of community visit to health center.

Criteria required on the presentation of information are uon time" and "on demand". Incompleteness of health center data collected through SP2TP indicated a barrier in fulfilling the criteria. Basic statistic method used in collecting and analyzing the data usually with an assumption that the data iscomplete. Incompleteness of health center data as a big influence in the result of processing and analyzing data.

To obtain health information timely and in representatively by using available data, a statistic method which can accommodate data in completeness is required. One of the statistic methods to be used is by filling or changing of the missing data with imputation method. Data variable used in this thesis are antenatal data (Ki and K4) in 1998 based on the report of Yogyakarta Province submitted to the central level.

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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bcrtujuan unluk mendapat gambaran tcntang utilisasi alat medis canggih MRI di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto sehingga bcrguna bagi manajcmcn rumah sakit dan Ditkes Ditjen Kuathan Dcphan sebagai pelaksana pengadaan untuk RS TNI scrta sejauh mana MRI dapat digunakan dan dimanfaatkan khususnya oleh anggota TNI, PNS serta keluarganya dan pasien umum lainnya dan untuk mengetahui pcndapatan, biaya scrta tingkat pemulihan biaya alat canggih MRI di RSPAD tahun 2006. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa selama tahun 2006 jenis pemenksaan MRI yang paling banyak dilakukan adalah MRI Vertebra cervical / thoracal I lumbbsacral sebanyak 1029, kemuclian MRI Kcpala sebanyak 803 dan MRI Abdomen bagian atas sebanyak 46 kali. Total jumlah pasien keseluruhan tahun 2006 adalah 4582 pasiun. Jumlah pasien yang menjalani pemeriksaan MRI terbauyak adalah masyamkat umum (Yanmasum) yaiiu sebanyak 2545 pasien. Biaya pemcriksaan MRI bagi pasien dinas dari TNI AD tidak dipungut biaya apapun, sedangkan pasien dinas dari TNI AU dan TNI AL dikcnakan biaya sebesar 50% dari tarif yang berIaku.Pendapatan Unit MRI berasal dari pasien Askes dan pasien umum serta pasien dinas TNI AL dan TNI AU. Pendapatan yang diperoleh tahun 2006 adalah scbcsar Rp2.877.500.606. Biaya yang terkail dengan Unit MRI bcnjumlah 2.861.475.228. Pendapatan alat kesehatan MRI sudah menutup biaya yang dikeluarkan dengan sisa pendapatan scbcsar Rpl6.025.378 . Hal ini ditunjukkan dcngan lingkat pemulihan biaya alat MRI yang sudah mencapai l00,56%. Dengan dikctahuinya gambaran utilisasi, biaya yang dikeluarkan dan pendapatan unit MRI di lnstalasi Radiologi RSPAD Gatot Soebroto, maka manajemen dapat mclakukan evaluasi tarif berdasarkan perhitungan biaya satuan pemcniksaan yang komprehensif yang juga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan revisi bcsamya tarif sehingga dapal mencapai tingkut pemulihan biaya yang diharapkan. Perlu dilakukan upaya pcningkatan utilisasi alat canggih MRI mclalui kegiatan sosialisasi, seminar untuk dapat memasarkan jenis pemeriksaan-pemeriksaan dengan alat MRI, dilakukan kerja sama dengan rumah sakit lain yang tidak mcmiiiki peralalan MRI, sehingga peningkatan kunjungan teljadi pada pasien umum, dilakukan sistem penjanjian, sehingga idle capasity di tengah jam kerja dapat diperkecil. Selain iiu perlu dijalin kerjasama antara PT Askes dengan Unit MR] yang saling menguntungkan, karena biaya pemanfaatan alat canggih merupakan biaya yang dianggap cukup besar bagi pasien. Perlu perencanaan biaya pemeliharaan dan perbaikan scrta kalibmsi alat kcsehatan dan sarana penunjangnya Bagi Institusi Dcphan gambaran utilisasi, biaya satuan pemeriksaan dan pendapatan unit MRI di Insmlasi Radiologi RSPAD Gatot Soebroto dapat digunakan sebagai bahan masukan pengadaan alat kesehatan caxmgih lainnya di linglcungan Dcphan. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan yang lebih komprchensif terhadap alat canggih kesehatan dengnn menggunakan data yang lebih mcmadai baik dari segi kelengkapan data maupun keakuralannya.

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ABSTRACT
This research aimed to get the description 'about the utilization of the medical equipment sophisticated MRI in RSPAD Gatot Soebroto especially the utilization of MRI by the TNI member, PNS as well as his family and the public's other patient and the revenue, cost and cost recovery rate of MRI in RSPAD in 2006. From results of this research was known that during 2006 the MRI examinations that often was carried out was MRI Vertebra cervical/thoracal/lumbosacral was 1029, afterwards MRI Head was 803 aIId MRI Abdomen the upper partwas 46 times. The total number of the whole patient in 2006 was 4582 patients. The number of patients who underwent the MRI examination most was the public patient (Yanmasum) that was 2545 patients. The MRI examination cost for the service patient from TNI AD was not adopted the cost anything, whereas the service patient from TNI AU and TNI Al was put on the cost of 50% ofthe tariff that available. Revenue of Unit MRI came from the patient of health insurance and the public's patient as well as the service patient 'INI Al and TNI AU. Revenue that was received in 2006 was Rp2.877.500.606. The cost that was related to the MRI Unit was 2,86l,475,228. The income of the MRI medical instrument has closed the cost that was spent with income as big as RpI6.025.378. This was shown with the MRI recovery rate of the implement cost that has reached 100.56% The management could carry out the evaluation of the tariff was based on the calculation ofthe comprehensive cost of the examination unit that also could be used as the revision material of the tariff size to be able to achieve the cost recovery rate that was hoped for. Must be carried out by increase efforts of utilization of the MRI through the socialization activity, the seminar to be able to market the kind of examinations with the MRI implement, was carried out by the work was the same as the other hospital that did not have MRI equipment, so as the increase in the visit happened to the public's patient, was carried out by the agreement system, so as idle capasity in the middle ofthe working horns could be reduced. Moreover must be established by the co~opcration between PT Askes and the MRI Unit that was mutually beneficial. Needed planning and the improvement as well as calibration of the medical instrument and means of the maintenance?s cost. For the Dephan Institution, the cost and the income of the MRI unit could be used as the procurement input of the other sophisticated medical instrument in the Dephan.

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Abstrak :
Terjadinya peningkatan pengguna aplikasi seluler mendorong peluang untuk mempermudah konsultasi kesehatan melalui telemedicine di era pandemi COVID-19. Di Indonesia sendiri terjadi peningkatan penggunaan telemedicine selama pandemi COVID19. Namun, setelah pandemi COVID-19, masyarakat cenderung akan berkonsultasi secara offline kembali karena ketika berkonsultasi pada telemedicine masyarakat akan merasa beresiko karena tidak dapat bertemu dokter secara langsung dan layanan online seringkali menimbulkan isu-isu privasi. Rasa ketidakpastian dan beresiko dapat dikurangi dengan membangun kepercayaan masyarakat melalui proses trust transfer. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang dapat memengaruhi trust transfer agar masyarakat tetap berlanjut menggunakan layanan konsultasi telemedicine walaupun pandemi COVID-19 telah berakhir. Kemudian dilakukan penyebaran survei kepada masyarakat Indonesia yang sedang atau pernah berkonsultasi menggunakan aplikasi telemedicine dan mendapatkan 457 responden valid. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan analisis PLS-SEM dengan bantuan program SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa trust in doctor dipengaruhi oleh perceived reputation, telemedicine quality, dan familiarity. Kemudian trust in telemedicine dipengaruhi oleh disposition to trust dan telemedicine quality. Sedangkan trust in technology dipengaruhi oleh perceived reputation, telemedicine quality, dan familiarity. Selanjutnya trust in doctor dan trust in technology berpengaruh secara positif terhadap trust in telemedicine services namun tidak berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap continuance intention. Selain itu, satisfaction dan perceived usefulness berpengaruh positif secara langsung terhadap continuance intention. ......The increase in mobile application users encourages opportunities to facilitate health consultations through telemedicine in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. In Indonesia, there has been an increase in the use of telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, after the COVID-19 pandemic, people tend to consult offline again because when consulting on telemedicine, people will feel risky because they cannot meet doctors in person and online services often cause privacy issues. The sense of uncertainty and risk can be reduced by building public trust through the trust transfer process. Therefore, this study aims to determine the factors that can affect trust transfer so that people continue to use telemedicine consulting services even though the COVID-19 pandemic has ended. Then the survey was distributed to the Indonesian people who were or have been consulted using the telemedicine application and got 457 valid respondents. This research is quantitative research using PLS-SEM analysis with the help of the SmartPLS program. The results showed that trust in doctor was influenced by perceived reputation, telemedicine quality, and familiarity. Then trust in telemedicine is influenced by disposition to trust and telemedicine quality. Meanwhile, trust in technology is influenced by perceived reputation, telemedicine quality, and familiarity. Furthermore, trust in doctor and trust in technology have a positive effect on trust in telemedicine services but do not directly affect continuance intention. In addition, satisfaction and perceived usefulness have a direct positive effect on continuance intention.

Abstrak :
It is realized that an important thing in medical image visualization serving is to be able to see human as observe. Nevertheless, certain noise is rising in image acquisition causes image quality is reducing. An image involvement is a process in which an image can be best analyzed. Denoising is a one of the image enhancement techniques. An adaptive thresholding technique based wavelet serves to reduce noise from medical image. A discrete wavalet transformation is used in this research. The STH (Soft Thresholding), HTH (Hard Thresholding), and MPTH (Multiscale Products Thresholding) methods are used to calculate and compare as medical image Denoising results. Two criteria, MSR (Mean-to-Standard Deviation Ratio) and CNR (Contrast-to-Noise Ratio) have proposed to perform as Denoising at medical image. From the result, it can be concluded that denoising by using MPTH (Multiscale Products Thresholding) method, the values of MSR (Mean-to-Standard Deviation Ratio), CNR (Contrast-to-Noise Ratio) are greater than STH (Soft Thresholding), and HTH (Hard Thresholding) can be obtained.

Abstrak :
Diagnosis dan dukungan perawatan merupakan salah satu faktor utama dalam hal perawatan kesehatan. Metode tradisional diagnosis secara tatap muka antara pasien dan dokter dalam rangka monitoring dan menjaga kestabilan kesehatan sudah mulai sulit untuk dilakukan. Hal ini dikarenakan banyaknya hambatan-hambatan yang muncul, baik hambatan finansial, geografi, dan waktu. Teknologi informasi khususnya telekomunikasi dapat membantu mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, yang secara tidak langsung akan dapat membantu pengembangan sistem kesehatan di sebuah negara. Salah satu solusi yang dapat digunakan adalah penerapan m-Health pada sistem kesehatan. m-Health didefinisikan sebagai sebuah penggunaan mobile communications and network technologies dalam melakukan perawatan kesehatan. Pola penerapannya menggunakan mobile phone sebagai point-of-care device. Hanya saja, penerapan sebuah teknologi baru dalam suatu negara tidak dapat begitu saja dilakukan. Terdapat faktor-faktor yang perlu diperhatikan agar penerapan teknologi baru dapat berjalan secara optimal. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana kelayakan penerapan m-Health untuk diagnosis dan dukungan perawatan kesehatan pada negara berkembang dengan menggunakan studi kasus negara Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metodologi causal comparative terhadap penerapan m-Health di negara maju. Analisis kelayakan akan dilakukan terhadap empat aspek, yakni aspek ekonomi, teknologi, sosial, serta organisasi.

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Abstract
Diagnosis and treatment support is one of the main factors in health care. Traditional methods of diagnosis in person between patients and physicians in order to monitor and maintain health stability is getting hard to do. This is because many of the obstacles that arise, whether financial constraints, geography, and time. Telecommunications in particular information technology can help overcome these problems, which will indirectly help the development of health systems in the country. One solution that can be used is the application of m-Health in the health system. m-Health is defined as the use of mobile communications and network technologies in the conduct of health care. Pattern application is using mobile phones as point-of-care device. Only, the application of a new technology in a country can not simply be done. There are factors that need to be taken to ensure that the application of new technologies can run optimally. The study aims to determine the extent to which the feasibility of applying the m-Health for the diagnosis and support for health care in developing countries by using a case study of Indonesia. The research was conducted using causal comparative methodology for the application of m-Health in developed countries. Feasibility analysis will be conducted on four aspects, namely the economic, technological, social, and organizational.

Abstrak :
Humans perceive their body posture, size, and position in space even when they do not look at their body. The ability to perceive the body correctly is essential to move accurately in space. The purpose of this review is to introduce the reader to the latest views on the role of peripheral afferent signals in the generation and alteration of perception of the body. First, the contribution of proprioceptive and cutaneous signals to perception of the body is introduced. Common methods to investigate these signals are muscle vibration, skin stretch, or electrical stimulation. These methods provide evidence that the perception of the body is flexible. Second, effects of multisensory integration on perception of the body are described. The combination of visual, tactile, proprioceptive, and auditory signals alter the perception of the body, suggesting that multiple sensory signals contribute to perception of the body. Third, the distortion of perception of the body after the loss of sensory signals is reviewed. Anesthesia or amputation of limbs, as well as experimentally-induced disintegration of sensory signals drastically alter the perception of the body. Fourth, neural mechanisms underlying the generation, or alteration, of perception of the body is described. The premotor and parietal cortices play a key role in perception of the body, as they are involved in multisensory integration. In the final section of the review, implications of the ways sensory information shapes perception of our body are discussed for athletic performance.

Abstrak :
Aplikasi SatuSehat Mobile atau yang sebelumnya dikenal sebagai PeduliLindungi merupakan aplikasi yang diinisiasi oleh pemerintah dalam melakukan pelacakan digital guna menghentikan penyebaran COVID-19. Pemerintah mewajibkan penggunaan aplikasi PeduliLindungi. Sejak tanggal 1 Maret 2023, PeduliLindungi resmi bertransformasi menjadi SatuSehat Mobile. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerimaan aplikasi SatuSehat Mobile oleh masyarakat di DKI Jakarta usia 20-29 tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengaplikasian Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pengguna aplikasi SatuSehat Mobile di DKI Jakarta usia 20-29 tahun, sebanyak 420 responden. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama bulan Mei-Juni 2023. Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan pandangan yang baik terhadap aplikasi SatuSehat Mobile. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa perceived ease of used berpengaruh terhadap perceived usefulness, perceived usefulness berpengaruh terhadap attitude toward using, perceived usefulness berpengaruh terhadap attitude toward using, attitude toward using berpengaruh terhadap behavioral intention to use, dan behavioral intention to use berpengaruh terhadap actual system use. Pada analisis multivariat terhadap variabel attitude toward using, menunjukkan bahwa perceived ease of used merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh yang menentukan sikap pengguna dalam menggunakan aplikasi SatuSehat Mobile. Penerimaan aplikasi SatuSehat Mobile oleh pengguna sudah cukup baik, serta perlu dilanjutkan untuk meningkatkan fitur-fitur, keamanan data, dan maintenance pada aplikasi untuk meminimalisir potensi eror dan meningkatkan penerimaan pada pengguna. ...... The SatuSehat Mobile application, previously known as PeduliLindungi, is an application initiated by the government to carry out digital tracking to stop the spread of COVID-19. The government requires the use of the PeduliLindungi application. Since March 1st 2023, PeduliLindungi has officially transformed into SatuSehat Mobile. This research aims to analyze the acceptance of the SatuSehat Mobile application by the people in DKI Jakarta aged 20-29 years. This research was conducted by applying the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The type of research used is quantitative. This research was conducted on SatuSehat Mobile application users in DKI Jakarta aged 20-29 years, for total 420 respondents. The research was conducted during May-June 2023. The results of the univariate analysis show a good perception of the SatuSehat Mobile. The results of bivariate analysis show that perceived ease of use take effect to perceived usefulness, perceived usefulness take effect to attitude toward using, perceived usefulness take effect to attitude toward using, attitude toward using take effect to behavioral intention to use, and behavioral intention to use take effect to actual system use. In the multivariate analysis of the attitude toward using variable, show that perceived ease of use is the most take effect variable that determines user attitudes in using the SatuSehat Mobile application. The acceptance of the SatuSehat Mobile application by users is quite good, and it is necessary to continue to improve features, data security, and maintenance of the application to minimize potential errors and increase user acceptance.

Abstrak :
Penyakit pernapasan kronis menjadi salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang paling umum di seluruh dunia. Asma merupakan salah satu penyakit pernapasan kronis yang banyak diderita oleh masyarakat. Penyakit ini seringkali dikaitkan dengan beban yang besar. Asma yang tidak terkontrol berhubungan dengan peningkatan pengeluaran, peningkatan utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan dan penurunan produktivitas. Kondisi penyakit asma yang kronis memerlukan peranan pasien dalam pengendalian penyakit. Hal tersebut dapat dimungkinkan melalui adanya self-management. Perkembangan teknologi di masa kini dapat dimanfaatkan melalui penggunaan mHealth untuk mendukung penerapan self-management asma. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review. Pencarian studi dilakukan dengan menggunakan online database yaitu PMC, ScienceDirect, dan LinkSpringer. Terdapat 13 studi yang termasuk ke dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 11 studi menghasilkan perubahan positif yang signifikan dalam pengendalian asma yang dapat diketahui melalui asthma control, kualitas hidup, penggunaan SABA, symptom free days, dan CACG symptom benchmark. Selain itu, terdapat 4 studi yang menghasilkan perubahan positif dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan mengonsumsi obat. Sehingga, dapat dikatakan bahwa penggunaan mHealth efektif dalam penerapan self-management asma. ......Chronic respiratory diseases are becoming one of the most common non-communicable diseases worldwide. Asthma is one of the chronic respiratory diseases that many people suffer from. This disease is often associated with a large burden. Uncontrolled asthma is associated with increased spending, increased utilization of health services and decreased productivity. Chronic asthma conditions require the patient's role in Disease Control. This can possible through self-management. Technological developments in the present can be utilized through the use of mHealth to support the implementation of asthma self-management. This study uses the literature review method. Study searches were conducted using online databases namely PMC, ScienceDirect, and LinkSpringer. There are 13 studies included in this study. The results of this study showed that a total of 11 studies resulted in significant positive changes in asthma control that can be known through asthma control, quality of life, use of SABA, symptom free days, and CACG symptom benchmark. In addition, there are 4 studies that produce positive changes in improving adherence to asthma medication. Thus, it can be said that the use of mHealth is effective in the application of asthma self-management.

Abstrak :
This book presents novel and advanced technologies for medical sciences in order to solidify knowledge in the related fields and define their key stakeholders. The fifteen papers included in this book were written by invited experts of international stature and address important technologies for medical sciences, including : computational modeling and simulation, image processing and analysis, medical imaging, human motion and posture, tissue engineering, design and development medical devices, and mechanic biology. Different applications are treated in such diverse fields as biomechanical studies, prosthesis and orthosis, medical diagnosis, sport, and virtual reality.