In the last ten years, the humanitarian crisis affected the Rohingya Ethnic in Myanmar has increasingly attracted the attention of the globe. The attention come either from the regional community or international community including United Nations. The humanitarian crisis become massive in scale and based on the UN findings fact report that there has been etnich cleansing or genocide practical in Rakhine State Myanmar. Those it carried out by the Myanmar military. Some recommendations have been delivered by special envoys from both the United Nations and ASEAN including some official reports from NGOs and UNCT that have been carrying out humanitarian mission tasks in Myanmar as well as Bangladesh, but in fact no solution yet achieved till today crisis. Through an international customary law approach as well as UN Charter mandate for a cooperation of regional organizations, also by referring to the doctrine of responsibility to protect this paper try to see whether ASEAN can be a mediator for conflict in Myanmar. This research was carried out by using research methods, literature study, personal participation and qualitative methods. From the observations, this paper to conclude providing an understanding to doctrine, theory and international law, the involvement of ASEAN can be the most probably as the best option for resolving conflicts in Myanmar.
Penelitian ini membahas diplomasi yang digunakan oleh Jepang dalam menghadapi kebangkitan dan dominasi kekuatan ekonomi Tiongkok di kawasan Asia Tenggara, khususnya di negara Myanmar. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada periode tahun 2012 hingga 2017; pada saat Myanmar mengalami proses reformasi dan Shinzo Abe naik menjadi perdana menteri Jepang. Konsep diplomasi publik dan triangular diplomacy digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi strategi dan diplomasi yang digunakan Jepang di Myanmar dengan menganalisa hubungan antara pemerintah dengan pemerintah, pemerintah dengan perusahaan, dan perusahaan dengan perusahaan. Penelitian ini juga membahas pergerakan Tiongkok dan Jepang di Myanmar sebelum dan sesudah reformasi politik dan ekonomi Myanmar. Myanmar yang sebelumnya merupakan salah satu negara kurang berkembang di kawasan Asia Tenggara, dan bahkan di dunia, perlahan menanjak naik dan menjadi negara yang cukup potensial. Peningkatan yang dialami oleh Myanmar ini diawali oleh reformasi politik dan ekonomi di tubuh Myanmar. Tiongkok dan Jepang kemudian menggunakan Myanmar sebagai batu loncatan bagi mereka untuk menguasai kawasan Asia Tenggara. Namun Tiongkok yang sudah mendapatkan handicap awal di Myanmar, menjadikan Jepang harus bekerja ekstra dengan berbagai diplomasi dalam menempatkan pengaruhnya di Myanmar. Penelitian ini berargumen bahwa diplomasi yang digunakan Jepang belum mampu menghadapi dan menekan dominasi ekonomi Tiongkok di Myanmar.
This research explains Japan’s diplomacy in facing China’s economic rise and domination in the Southeast Asia region, especially in Myanmar. This research is focused on the 2012-2017 time period; when Myanmar was undergoing a reformation process and Shinzo Abe was made as the new Japan prime minister. The public diplomacy and triangular diplomacy concept is used to identify Japan’s strategy and diplomacy in Myanmar by analyzing the relations between government to government, government to corporate, and corporate to corporate. This research also explains China and Japan movements in Myanmar before and after the political and economic reformation. Myanmar which was one of the least developed countries in the Southeast Asia region, and even in the world, is slowly rising up and becomes quite a potential country. Myanmar’s improvement was started by the political and economic reformation in Myanmar’s body. China and Japan then use Myanmar as their stepping stone to conquer the Southeast Asia region. However, China has already had an early handicap in Myanmar, and this makes Japan works twice harder with various diplomacies in placing its influence in Myanmar. This research argues that Japan’s diplomacy has not yet able to face and contain China’s economic domination in Myanmar.
