Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Pemerintah Indonesia berupaya mendorong partisipasi sektor industri untuk melakukan kegiatan penelitian dan pengembangan (litbang). Salah satu dukungan pemerintah dalam meningkatkan litbang swasta adalah melalui penerbitan kebijakan super tax deduction (STD) atas kegiatan litbang. Akan tetapi, jumlah wajib pajak yang memperoleh konfirmasi kesesuaian untuk melakukan litbang masih sedikit jika dibandingkan dengan jumlah wajib pajak secara keseluruhan. Penelitian ini memiliki dua tujuan. Tujuan pertama adalah untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas penerapan STD atas kegiatan litbang. Tujuan kedua adalah untuk menganalisis faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat penerapan kebijakan STD atas kegiatan litbang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan studi kepustakaan. Berdasarkan tujuan pertama, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa insentif STD belum sepenuhnya efektif dengan dua indikator dimensi. Pertama, dimensi tepat kebijakan belum berjalan optimal karena tujuan pemberian insentif STD untuk meningkatkan kegiatan penelitian dan pengembangan di Indonesia belum tercapai. Kedua, dimensi tepat lingkungan belum berjalan efektif yang disebabkan oleh potensi multitafsir terkait metode pengakuan dan pencatatan biaya litbang antara akuntansi dengan pajak. Sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian kedua, hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa terdapat tiga faktor pendukung dan tiga faktor penghambat dalam penerapan kebijakan STD atas kegiatan litbang. Faktor pendukung di antaranya meliputi sosialisasi kebijakan STD atas kegiatan litbang, keandalan sistem OSS (Online Single Submission) sebagai sarana pengajuan insentif, dan koordinasi antar kementerian/lembaga pelaksana. Faktor penghambat di antaranya meliputi kondisi perekonomian lesu akibat pandemi Covid-19, keterbatasan pengetahuan sumber daya dan jumlah narahubung, dan desain kebijakan STD atas kegiatan litbang yang kurang mendorong industri untuk mengajukan insentif pengurangan pajak super.

---

The Indonesian government seeks to encourage industrial sector participation in conducting research and development (R&D) activities. One of the government's supports in increasing private R&D is through the issuance of a super tax deduction (STD) policy for R&D activities. However, the number of taxpayers who have received confirmation of conformity to carry out R&D is still small when compared to the total number of taxpayers. This research has two objectives. The first objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of applying STD to R&D activities. The second objective is to analyze the supporting factors and inhibiting factors for implementing STD policies on R&D activities. This study uses a qualitative method. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews and literature studies. Based on the first objective, the research results show that STD incentives are not fully effective with two dimensional indicators. First, the right policy has not run optimally because the goal of providing STD incentives to increase research and development activities in Indonesia has not been achieved. Second, the right environment dimension has not been effective due to the potential for multiple interpretations related to the method of recognizing and recording R&D costs between accounting and taxes. In accordance with the second research objective, the results of the study explain that there are three supporting factors and three inhibiting factors in the application of STD policies to R&D activities. The supporting factors include the dissemination of STD policies on R&D activities, the reliability of the OSS (Online Single Submission) system as a means of submitting incentives, and coordination between implementing ministries/agencies. Inhibiting factors include the sluggish economic condition due to the Covid-19 pandemic, limited knowledge of resources and the number of contact persons, and the design of STD policies on R&D activities that do not encourage the industry to apply for super tax reduction incentives."

"Penggunaan jasa penyedia tenaga kerja dalam dunia usaha semakin banyak diminati mengingat di era sekarang banyak perusahaan yang sudah beralih menggunakan system pegawai kontrak. Hal ini juga selaras dengan data yang menunjukan bahwa terdapat kurang lebih 100 perusahaan penyedia tenaga kerja yang tersebar di seluruh Indonesia yang bergabung ke dalam asosiasi alih daya Indonesia. Atas transaski jasa penyedia tenaga kerja terdapat pengenaan aspek pemotongan Pajak Penghasilan Pasal 23 yang dikenakan atas biaya manajemen. Dalam mekanisme pemotongan PPh 23, peran Wajib Pajak cenderung lebih dominan dibanding peran otoritas pajak. Hal ini menimbulkan tantangan tersendiri baik bagi Pemerintah maupun Wajib Pajak yang bersangkutan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui permasalahan beserta dampak yang timbul akibat adanya penerapan sistem pemotongan PPh 23 dengan studi pada sektor jasa penyedia tenaga kerja menggunakan sampel PT. XYZ sebagai perusahaan penyedia tenaga kerja. Hasil yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur menyatakan bahwa permasalahan yang timbul yakni terkait dengan permasalahan teknis yang disebabkan dari kesalahan Wajib Pajak itu sendiri serta belum adanya regulasi terkait dengan sanksi penyerahan bukti potong kepada pihak yang penghasilannya di potong PPh 23. Dampak atas permasalahan yang timbul dari  kesalahan Wajib Pajak itu sendiri yakni dapat meningkatkan compliance cost serta memicu timbulnya double taxation yang berimbas pada beban pajak. Belum diberlakukannya sanksi dapat mengakibatkan semakin menurunkan kepatuhan Wajib Pajak. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya penajaman administrasi yang memudahkan Wajib Pajak seperti pembaharuan fitur e-Bupot serta spesifikasi dalam regulasi penerapan sistem pemotongan PPh 23 seperti pemberian sanksi atas tidak diberikannya bukti potong ke lawan transaksi.

---

The use of labor provider services in the business world is increasingly in demand considering that in the current era many companies are switching to using the contract employee system. This is also in line with data showing that there are approximately 100 labor supply companies spread throughout Indonesia that have joined the Indonesian outsourcing association. On top of the employment service transaction, there is an aspect of withholding Income Tax Article 23 which is imposed on management fees. In the mechanism of withholding PPh 23, the role of taxpayers tends to be more dominant than the role of tax authorities. This poses a challenge for both the Government and the Taxpayer concerned. This research is a qualitative research that aims to find out the problems and impacts that arise due to the application of the PPh 23 withholding system with a study in the labor service sector using a sample of PT. XYZ as a labor provider company. The results obtained through in-depth interviews and literature studies state that the problems that arise are related to technical problems caused by the Compulsory error itself, and there are no regulations related to penalties, withholding evidence to parties whose income is deducted from PPh 23. Impact on problems that arise from the taxpayer's own error, which can increase compliance costs and trigger the emergence of double taxation which has an impact on the tax burden. The non-enactment of sanctions can reduce tax obligations. Therefore, there is a need for administrative sharpening that makes it easier for taxpayers, such as changes to the e-bupot feature and specifications for the application of the PPh 23 withholding system, such as sanctions for not providing proof of deduction to transaction partners."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan penyebab utama sengketa pengakuan biaya dalam perhitungan Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) perusahaan batubara. Penelitian ini juga memberikan rekomendasi untuk menghindari terjadinya sengketa yang sama di masa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini berfokus kepada perusahaan batubara yang telah menandatangani Perjanjian Karya Pengusahaan Pertambangan Batubara (PKP2B) dengan pemerintah Indonesia. PKP2B adalah satu-satunya mekanisme agar perusahaan mendapatkan ijin melakukan pertambangan batubara di wilayah Indonesia. Sengketa perusahaan PKP2B dengan Direktorat Jenderal Pajak (DJP) telah berlangsung bertahun-tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan The Theory of Legal Interpretation dan Konsep Interpretasi Hukum dalam menganalisis masalah sengketa dan menawarkan solusi atas masalah tersebut. Berdasarkan wawancara dan analisis dokumen, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penyebab utama sengketa biaya adalah perbedaan interpretasi atas Undang-Undang PPh dan klausul perpajakan dalam dokumen PKP2B. Berdasarkan Konsep Interpretasi Hukum, untuk memahami peraturan dengan jelas dan menghindari sengketa, perusahan batubara dan DJP perlu melihat Undang-Undang PPh dan kontrak PKP2B secara sistematikal dan historikal. Penelitian ini juga merekomendasikan perusahaan batubara untuk patuh terhadap peraturan administrasi perpajakan dan mengajukan surat penegasan ke DJP jika masih terdapat klausul perpajakan yang tidak jelas.

---

This study aims to identify the types and the main causes of disputes in the expense recognition for Indonesia coal mining companies. This study provide recommendation on how to avoid the same disputes in the future as well. We focus on coal mining companies which had Coal Contract of Work (CCOW/PKP2B) with the government of Indonesia. CCOW is the only way for a company to get coal mining permits in Indonesia. This study uses The Theory of Legal Interpretation and The Law Interpretation Concept in analyzing the problems and offering solutions. Based on interviews and analysis of legal documents, our result shows that the main cause of the expenses dispute problem is a different interpretation of Income Tax Law and tax clause in CCOW. Referring to the law interpretation concept, to clearly understand the rules and prevent disputes, coal mining companies and DGT need to see the tax law and CCOW systematically and historically. This study also recommends that coal mining companies can avoid expense recognition disputes by complying with the tax administration guidance and ask for a private ruling if there are questionable clauses."

"This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Indonesian income tax incentive for apprenticeship and training programs in the form of supertax deduction (STD). This research used the post-positivism paradigm to evaluate the effectiveness of the income tax incentive policy for apprenticeship and training programs. Data were obtained using qualitative methods through in-depth interviews with relevant informants and documentation review. This research uses five criteria for evaluating policy effectiveness: the right policy, the right implementation, the right on-target, the right environment, and the right process. Based on those criteria, this study found that the income tax incentive for apprenticeship and training programs is effective. The STD incentive has met three criteria; right policy, right implementation, and right on target. Meanwhile, the right environment and process criteria still need to be fully met. Things that the Government can do to increase the effectiveness of the STD incentive policy are to increase the effectiveness of interactions between implementing actors and conduct more massive policy socialization.

---

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kebijakan insentif pajak penghasilan untuk kegiatan pemagangan dan pelatihan dalam bentuk supetax deduction (STD). Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan post-positivism untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas kebijakan tersebut. Data yang digunakan dalam studi ini diperoleh melalui metode kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam dengan informan yang relevan serta reviu dokumen. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa diantara lima kriteria untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas kebijakan publik, yaitu tepat kebijakan, tepat implementasi, tepat target, tepat lingkungan dan tepat proses. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa kebijakan STD tersebut telah efektif. Insentif STD telah memenuhi kriteria tepat kebijakan, tepat implementasi, dan tepat target. Meskipun demikian terdapat kriteria tepat lingkungan dan tepat proses tidak sepenuhnya terpenuhi. Studi ini merekomendasikan perbaikan interaksi antarlembaga pemerintah serta sosialisasi yang lebih massif untuk dapat meningkatkan efektivitas kebijakan."

"Laporan magang ini disusun dengan tujuan sebagai evaluasi kesesuaian proses approval pajak atas pemotongan pajak penghasilan oleh PT Start-up DIL pada vendornya dalam rangka pemenuhan kewajiban perpajakan. PT Start-up DIL adalah perusahaan start-up berkembang yang bergerak di bidang home and living. Evaluasi didasarkan pada peraturan pajak yang berlaku seperti Peraturan Menteri Keuangan. Evaluasi dilakukan atas kesesuaian identifikasi jenis pajak melalui subjek dan objek pajaknya, evaluasi dasar pengenaan pajak dan tarif, serta evaluasi jumlah yang harus dibayarkan. Hasil Evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa PT Start-up DIL telah melakukan kewajiban hitung dan potong pajak sesuai dengan peraturan perpajakan. Selain membahas evaluasi, laporan magang ini juga membahas tentang refleksi diri dan pengalaman magang yang dirasakan penulis.

---

The internship report is compiled with the aim of evaluating the suitability of the tax approval process for income tax cuts by PT Start-up DIL on its vendor in order to fulfil its tax obligations. PT Start-up DIL is a growing start-up company that operates in home and living sector. Evaluation is based on applicable tax regulations such as Minister of Finance Regulations. The evaluation is carried out on the appropriateness of the identification of the type of tax based on it’s tax subject and object, the basis of taxation and rates, as well as the amount to be paid by the company. The evaluation results show that PT Start-up DIL has carried out its obligations to count and cut tax in accordance with tax regulations. Apart from discussing the evaluation, this internship report also discusses self-reflection and the author's internship experience."

"Tax, as the ultimate source of state income, is very important. The income from tax annually shows signilicant increase. This condition is supported by tax contribution to APBN in the past three years, which show the increase role of tax to state income about 70.4% in 2002 to 70.8%. in 2003 and 77.8% in 2004.

In order to support a harmonious goveming at all level, a fair and established financial relation system between Central and Regional Government is needed. According to TAP MPR No. XV/MPR/1998 on the need for regulating financial division between state and regions, the government together with state legislative has implement UU No. 25, 1999. This law has given significant change and reform in Regional Government system in order to establish regional autonomy and a more real decentralization through a clearer division of authority between central and regional government. In this Iaw mentioned regional govemment acquired some parts of tax income, which are 20% of private income tax and ps. 21 tax.

Based on this description, the main problem posed in this research is how to gain the potential of private income tax and ps. 21 tax related to the division of tax mentioned in UU No. 25, 1999. The research aim to know the potential of private income tax and ps. 21 tax at DKI Jakarta province, and to further determine the influence of tax division policy from central government to regional government on the number of tax payers and the amount of tax.

The research method used here is descriptive research which is not meant to test certain hypotheses, but only to describe a variable, symptom or condition. Related to this descriptive research, data is analyze qualitatively, both based on primary data from interview or secondary data from documents and reports. From this analysis, a conclusion extracted related to theory and concept with relevance to the problem posed in this research. Data collection in this research is done through field research and library research.

This research result shows an increase on private income tax and ps. 21 tax since 2001 - 2003, which means an increase of numbers of tax payers received by DKI Jakarta provincial govemment, but the percentage of development in lax division is not good. This happens because the development is fluctuate. Beside that, although the contribution of tax division to APBD is large enough, comprised of one-fifth of APBD, but the intensification of tax in order to gain private income and ps. 21 tax payers at DKI Jakarta Province is low. This condition worsen due to the fact that the contribution of private-income and ps.21 taxto PDRB DKI Jakarta province from 1996 - 1998 always show an increase, but in 1999 2004 the trend reversed. This caused a decrease of contribution in tax division to PDRB. Although tax division received by govemment of DKI Jakarta province in 2001 - 2004 show an increase, but this increase related to its contribution to PDRB show a decrease, even though its relatively small. This decrease show lack of optimal income from private income tax and ps. 21 tax."