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Abstrak :
Written and edited by outstanding world experts, this is the first portable, single-source volume on intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IOM). It is aimed at all members of the operative team – anesthesiologists, technologists, neurophysiologists, surgeons, and nurses. Now commonplace in procedures that place the nervous system at risk, such as orthopedics, neurosurgery, otologic surgery, vascular surgery, and others, effective IOM requires an unusually high degree of coordination among members of the operative team. The purpose of the book is to help team members acquire a better understanding of one another’s roles and thereby to improve the quality of care and patient safety. •Concise and thorough •Comprehensive coverage of monitoring techniques, from deep brain stimulation to cortical mapping •Synoptic coverage of anesthetic management basics •23 case-based examples of procedures, including surgery of the aortic arch, ENT and anterior neck surgery, intracranial aneurysm clipping, and interventional neuroradiology •Monitoring in the ICU and of cerebral blood flow

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Identifikasi risiko mortalitas pascabedah diketahui hanya pada 66 pembedahan dan 34 sisanya tidak teridentifikasi. Modalitas P-POSSUM dianggap lebih superior dibandingkan dengan modalitas ASA dalam memprediksi morbiditas dan mortalitas karena memperhitungkan beban pembedahan. Metode: Uji kesahihan ini dilakukan di RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Dilakukan penelusuran data fisiologis dan operatif dari enam puluh delapan pasien bedah risiko tinggi elektif kemudian dilakukan perhitungan prediksi risiko dengan koefisien perhitungan skor P-POSSUM dalam situs internet http://www.riskprediction.org.uk dan dibandingkan dengan luaran mortalitas aktual. Kesahihan dinilai dengan penilaian kemampuan kalibrasi dan diskriminasi. Dilakukan analisis untuk mengetahui hubungan parameter-parameter P-POSSUM dengan mortalitas. Hipotesis penelitian ini adalah P-POSSUM sahih dalam memprediksi mortalitas 30 hari pasien bedah risiko tinggi dengan kemampuan prediksi lebih dari 80 . Hasil: Kemampuan diskriminasi didapatkan dengan menghitung luas AUC yaitu sebesar 89.2 IK 95 0,756 ndash;1,000; p=0,000 . Kemampuan kalibrasi dinilai baik dari analisis Hosmer-Lemeshow p=0,23 . Pada analisis bivariat hanya hemoglobin p=0,003 , tekanan darah sistolik p=0,031 dan leukosit p=0,007 yang berhubungan dengan mortalitas. Pada analisis regresi logistik didapatkan hanya tekanan darah sistolik p=0,043 dan leukosit p=0,010 yang berhubungan dengan mortalitas. Simpulan: P-POSSUM sahih dalam memprediksi mortalitas 30 hari pasien bedah risiko tinggi dengan kemampuan prediksi lebih dari 80 . Berdasarkan analisis bivariat didapatkan hemoglobin, tekanan darah sistolik dan leukosit yang berhubungan dengan mortalitas. Setelah analisis regresi logistik didapatkan hanya tekanan darah sistolik dan leukosit yang berhubungan dengan mortalitas. Kata Kunci: kesahihan, P-POSSUM, mortalitas, risiko tinggi

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BACKGROUND Postsurgery mortality risk identified only in 66 surgery and 34 remain unknown. P POSSUM considered more superior than ASA stratification in predicting morbidity and mortality since it calculates surgical risk. METHODS This research was performed in RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Physiological and surgical parameter of sixty eight high risk patients were taken from medical record and then risk prediction was calculated by calculation coefficient of P POSSUM scoring from http www.riskprediction.org.uk. The comparison between predicted and actual mortality was performed. Validation is assessed by calibration and discrimination ability. The researchers also analyzed the correlation between P POSSUM parameters and mortality. We hypothesized that P POSSUM valid in predicting 30 days mortality high risk surgical patients with predicting ability more than 80. RESULTS Pada analisis regresi logistik didapatkan hanya tekanan darah sistolik p 0,043 dan leukosit p 0,010 yang berhubungan dengan mortalitas. Discrimination ability was assessed by calculating AUC area which is 89.2 CI 95 0,756 ndash 1,000 p 0,000 . Calibration ability is good based on Hosmer Lemeshow analysis p 0,23 . From bivariat analysis only hemoglobin p 0,003 , sistolic blood pressure p 0,031 and leukocyte p 0,007 have relationship with mortality. From multivariate logistic regression anylisis only sistolic blood pressure p 0,043 and leukocyte p 0,010 have relationship with mortality. CONCLUSION P POSSUM is valid in predicting 30 days mortality high risk surgical patients with predicting ability more than 80 . From bivariat analysis only hemoglobin, sistolic blood pressure and leukocyte have relationship with mortality. From multivariate logistic regression anylisis only sistolic blood pressure and leukocyte have relationship with mortality. Keywords validation, P POSSUM, mortality, high risk

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Pasien bedah dengan sakit kritis yang dirawat di ICU cukup sering dijumpai dan menggunakan sumber daya rumah sakit lebih banyak. Sakit kritis dapat menyebabkan pasien menjadi malnutrisi. Malnutrisi pada pasien yang dirawat di ICU akan meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Terapi nutrisi untuk pasien sakit kritis pascabedah bertujuan untuk menurunkan stres metabolik, memodulasi respons imun, dan membantu penyembuhan lukaHasil dan Pembahasan: Pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi pada pasien sakit kritis pascabedah bergantung pada kondisi klinis pasien. Serial kasus ini menguraikan dua pasien dengan bedah mayor gastrointestinal, satu pasien dengan pembedahan pembuluh darah besar, dan satu pasien dengan pembedahan besar daerah leher sampai mediastinum. Selama perawatan di ICU semua pasien diberikan terapi nutrisi dengan target energi 30 kkal/kg BB dan protein 1,2 ndash;2,0 g/kg BB per hari. Nutrisi diberikan secara optimal sesuai kondisi pasien untuk mendukung perbaikan klinis pasien. Terapi nutrisi secara optimal pada sakit kritis pascabedah dapat menurunkan katabolisme, memodulasi sistem imun, mencegah malnutrisi, serta menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitasKesimpulan: Terapi nutrisi yang optimal pada pasien sakit kritis pascabedah dapat membantu perbaikan klinis

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ABSTRACT
Introduction Surgical patients with critical illness admittted to the ICU are fairly common and use more hospital resources. Critical illness can cause the patients become malnourished. Malnutrition in the ICU patients will increase the morbidity and mortality rates. Nutrition therapy in critically ill postoperative patients aims to reduce metabolic stress, modulate the immune response, and improve wound healingResults and Discussion Fulfilment of nutrition requirements in postoperative critically ill patients depends on the patient 39 s clinical condition. This serial case describes two patients with major gastrointestinal surgery, one patient with major blood vessel surgery, and one patient with large neck and mediastinum surgery. During treatment in the ICU all patients were given nutrition therapy with the target energy of 30 kcal kg and protein 1.2 ndash 2.0 g kg daily. Nutrition is given optimally adjusted to patients rsquo condition to support the patient clinical improvement. Optimal nutrition therapy in critically ill postsurgical patients can reduce catabolism, modulate the immune system, prevent malnutrition, and decrease morbidity and mortality rates.Conclusion Optimal nutrition therapy in critically ill postsurgical patients can support clinical improvement

Abstrak :
Conn's Current Therapy 2014 is an easy-to-use, in-depth guide to the latest advances in therapeutics for common complaints, acute disease and chronic illness. Family medicine experts, Drs. Edward T. Bope and Rick D. Kellerman present the expertise and knowledge of hundreds of skilled international leaders on evidence-based clinical management options. With key diagnostic points and treatment recommendation tables, you'll have access to the information you need to make accurate clinical decisions. Apply the proven treatment strategies of hundreds of top experts in family and internal medicine.Get quick access to critical information with "Current Diagnosis" and "Current Therapy" boxes at the beginning of each chapter as well as standardized diagnostic points and clinical recommendation tables.