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Abstrak :
Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan inequality dalam perceived need dan utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Indonesia tahun 1993-2014. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik deskriptif dengan desain cohort menggunakan data sekunder dari Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) pada tahun 1993-2014 (n = 122.575). Analisis deskriptif, penghitungan Concentration Index (CI) dilakukan untuk melihat inequality pada pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan berbagai karakteristik sosiodemografi penduduk Indonesia pada tahun 1993-2014. Hasil: Dari total keseluruhan responden IFLS 1-5, terdapat 12,86% individu yang memiliki perceived need dan hanya 23,13% individu yang melakukan utilisasi. Kemudian pada hasil analisis concentration index (CI) dari perceived need bernilai negatif pada IFLS 1 (CI = -0,006), IFLS 4 (CI = -0,014), dan IFLS 5 (CI = -0,004) sehingga mengindikasikan adanya signifikansi pro-poor inequality dalam perceived need dan bernilai positif pada IFLS 2 (CI = 0,02) dan IFLS 3 (CI = 0,015) sehingga mengindikasikan adanya signifikansi pro-rich inequality dalam perceived need. Sedangkan pada hasil analisis concentration index (CI) dari utilisasi bernilai positif pada IFLS 1 (CI = 0,111), IFLS 3 (CI = 0,092), IFLS 4 (CI = 0,94), dan IFLS 5 (CI = 0,249) sehingga mengindikasikan adanya signifikansi pro-rich inequality dalam utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut bernilai negative pada IFLS 2 (CI = - 0,008) sehingga mengindikasikan adanya signifikansi pro-poor inequality dalam utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat inequality dalam perceived need dan utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Indonesia pada tahun 1993-2014. ......Objectives: Describe the inequality in perceived need and utilization of dental and oral health services in Indonesia in 1993-2014. Method: This research is a descriptive analytic study with a cohort design using secondary data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 1993-2014 (n = 122.575). Descriptive analysis, calculating the Concentration Index (CI) was carried out to see the inequality in dental and oral health services with various sociodemographic characteristics of the Indonesian population in 1993-2014. Result: Of the total IFLS respondents 1-5, there are 12.86% individuals who have perceived need and only 23.13% individuals who do utilization. Then the results of the concentration index (CI) analysis of perceived need are negative at IFLS 1 (CI = -0.006), IFLS 4 (CI = -0.014), and IFLS 5 (CI = -0.004), indicating a significant pro-poor inequality. in perceived need and has a positive value in IFLS 2 (CI = 0.02) and IFLS 3 (CI = 0.015) thus indicating a significant pro-rich inequality in perceived need. While the results of the concentration index (CI) analysis of utilization are positive at IFLS 1 (CI = 0.111), IFLS 3 (CI = 0.092), IFLS 4 (CI = 0.94), and IFLS 5 (CI = 0.249) thus indicating the significance of the pro-rich inequality in the utilization of dental and oral health services is negative in IFLS 2 (CI = -0.008), thus indicating a significant pro-poor inequality in the utilization of dental and oral health services. Conclusion: Based on this research, it shows that there is still inequality in the perceived need and utilization of dental and oral health services in Indonesia in 1993-2014.

Abstrak :

Latar belakang:ECC merupakan masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan prevalensi dan keparahan yang tinggi, termasuk di Indonesia. Kondisi ini dapat berdampak ke kualitas hidup anak. Adanya berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi ECC antara lain praktik kebersihan gigi dan mulut serta konsumsi makanan kariogenik. Usia 5 tahun merupakan waktu akhir periode gigi sulung sebelum akhirnya digantikan oleh gigi permanen. Tujuan:Mengetahui hubungan praktik kesehatan gigi dan mulut serta status karies gigi sulung terhadap kualitas hidup anak usia 5 tahun. Metode:Studi Cross-sectionalpada 266 anak berusia 5 tahun pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2019 yang terpilih dengan metode multistage cluster random sampling dari TK di Jakarta Timuryang memenuhi kriteria inklusi anak berusia 60-71 bulan, kooperatif, dan orangtua bersedia mengisi informed consent. Seluruh orangtua subjek diminta untuk melengkapi kuesioner yang bersisi pertanyaan terkait karakteristik sosiodemografik, praktik kesehatan gigi dan mulut, serta kualitas hidup anak persepsi orang tua (SOHO-5p). Pada anak, dilakukan pemeriksaan status karies gigi sulung berupa indeks dmft dan pufa serta diwawancara terkait kualitas hidup anak persepsi sendiri (SOHO-5c). Digunakan uji beda Contuinity Correction, Pearson Chi Square, Mann Whitney, dan Kruskall Wallis serta Uji korelasi spearman untuk analisis statistik. Hasil: prevalensi ECC pada 266 anak adalah 88,7% dan pufa >0 sebanyak 35%. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara praktik kebersihan gigi dan mulut terhadap indeks dmft (r=0,19;p=0,01) dan skor SOHO-5p (r=0,27;p<0,001) serta praktik konsumsi makanan kariogenik terhadap indeks dmft (r=0,14;p<0,01), dan SOHO-5p (r=0,27;p=0,013). Status karies gigi sulung memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan SOHO-5 (p<0,001). Seluruh variabel SOHO-5p memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan indeks dmft dan indeks pufa (p<0,05) kecuali menghindari tersenyum karena penampilan terhadap indeks pufa. Tetapi, hanya skor total SOHO-5c, variabel kesulitan makan, dan kesulitan tidur yang memiliki hubungan yang bermakna terhadap indeks dmft dan indeks pufa (p<0,001). Secara umum, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara SOHO-5p dan SOHO-5c kecuali pada variabel kesulitan tidur (p=0,001), menghindari tersenyum karena rasa sakit (p=0,002), dan menghindari tersenyum karena penampilan (p=0,042) Kesimpulan:Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status karies gigi sulung dan SOHO-5 tetapi hanya SOHO-5p yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan praktik kesehatan gigi dan mulut.. Tidak terdapat perbedaan persepsi yang bermakna antara SOHO-5p dan SOHO-5c sehingga orangtua dapat dijadikan penilai proksi dari kualitas hidup anak, tetapi kedua persepsi tetap diperlukan untuk menghindari informasi yang hilang. 

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......Background:ECC is a dental health problem with high prevalence and severity, including in Indonesia. This condition will affect child’s Oral-Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). Factors that cause ECC are multifactorial, one of which is oral hygiene practice and comsumption of cariogenic meals. 5 years old is the late period of primary dentition before it’ll changed to permanent dentition Objective: To analyze relationship between oral health practice and early childhood caries with 5 years old children’s quality of life in Jakarta Timur. Method: Cross-sectional study in 266 5 years old children during August-October 2019 that chosen with multistage cluster random sampling from preschools in Jakarta Timur that fulfilled inclusion criteria child aged 60-71 month, cooperate, and parents had signed informed consent. All parents completed questionnaire about sociodemographic characteristic, oral health practice, and parent perception of child quality of life (SOHO-5p). Children were examined with dmft and pufa index and also interviewed about their perception of self quality of life (SOHO-5c). Result: Prevalence of ECC for 266 children is 88,7% with 35% have pufa index >0. There’s a significant relationship between oral hygiene practice with dmft index (r=0,19;p=0,001) and SOHO-5p(r=0,27;p<0,001) so does cariogenic meals consumption with dmft index (r=0,14;p<0,001) and SOHO-5p (r=0,27;p=0,013). ECC has significant relationship with SOHO-5 (p<0,05). All variables in SOHO-5p has significant relationship with dmft dan pufa index(p<0,05) except avoid smiling because of appearance towards pufa index. But, only total score of SOHO-5c,‘difficult eat’ and ‘difficult sleep’ variables have significant relationship with dmft and pufa index (p<0,001). In general, there’s no statistically difference between mother-child perception in SOHO-5p and SOHO-5c except in ‘difficult sleep’ (p=0,001), ‘avoid smiling because of pain’ (p=0,002) and ‘avoid smiling because of appearance’(p=0,042). Conclusion:There’s significant relationship between ECC and SOHO-5 but only the parental version has significant relationship with oral health practice. There’s no significant difference between SOHO-5p and SOHO-5c thus parents could be the proxy rater for their child but both perception still needed to avoid missing information.

Abstrak :
The traditional morphological concept to dental care has shown many drawbacks and is not appropriate in many cases. To counteract these shortcomings, a problem-solving approach has been introduced in dental curriculum of Cantho University of Medicine and Pharmacy (CTUMP), Vietnam. This approach should be reflected in dental practice in CTUMP. Objective: To investigate the problem-solving approach to dental care of CTUMP by patterns of tooth extraction, and tooth rehabilitation. Methods: Cross-sectional data on DMF, dental treatments planned, dental treatments delivered from 1549 dental records of patients aged ≥18 of CTUMP were analyzed. Results: The majority of patients were aged 18-29 (929, 60%), classified as professional and skilled workers (1112 subjects, 72%), lived in urban areas (1156 subjects, 75%), and women (932, 60%). The number of teeth eventually receiving dental treatment was lower than the number of teeth indicated for the treatment. On average, each patient had 2 teeth receiving treatment. Tooth restoration was the most common treatment (1390, 70%). Molars were the most treated teeth (842, 43%). Molars showed statistically significant higher chance for restoration and extraction than premolars and anterior teeth (Wilcoxon-signed-ranks test p ≤ 0.017). No statistically significance was found in tooth replacement between premolar and molar regions. The dental treatments aimed to preserve all teeth regardless of dental regions. Tooth replacement may tend to be morphologically based rather than functionally as most prostheses restored the complete dental arch. Conclusions: The approach to dental care in CTUMP tends to be morphologically conservative.

Abstrak :
Improvement of human resources has the purpose of increasing the quality of service for patients in every treatment unit, which should be anticipated by the oral health unit in every hospital. Improvement of service quality can be obtained by increasing the number of dental units. Along with the increasing knowledge in the society, the need for special services as also expanding. This problem can be solved by increasing the number of specialists in dentistry through scholarships, provided for dentists with high achievements. The samples for this cross sectional designed research were taken from all non-educational class B government hospitals in Indonesia. The data were gathered by using questionnaire and guided in depth interviews. The data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that most hospitals have no completely with the dental unit is 78.8%. There are 14 hospital (42.4%) needs oral laboratory.

Abstrak :
Penyakit gigi dan mulut sampai saat ini masih merupakan penyakit yang banyak diderita oleh masyarakat Indonesia pada semua golongan umur. Karies atau gigi berlubang merupakan penyakit yang paling sering ditemukan. Menurut SKRT (2001) prevalensi karies di Indonesia masih sangat tinggi yaitu 60 %, sedangkan kota Tangerang prevalensi karies pada murrid madrasah mencapai 47,3 % path tahun 2005. Gambaran ini menunjukkan bahwa masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut periu segera mendapat penanganan yang serius, sebaliknya hal ini ternyata tidak diikuti dengan cakupan kunjungan pasien yang berobat gigi ke Puskesmas. Sistem informasi yang dapat menyediakan data yang berkualitas, cepa dan akurat sangat dibutuhkan dalam upaya mendukung manajemen Program Pelayanan Dasar Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Puskesmas. Sistem yang lama belum mampu menyediakan informasi seperti yang diharapkan karena kendala dalam proses pengolahan data yang sebagian masih dilakukan dengan cara manual sehingga membutuhkan waktu yang relatif lebih lama dalam menghasilkan informasi yang dibutuhkan. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah berdasarkan siklus hidup pengembangan sistem yang diawali dengan tahap perencanaan, analisis, perancangan dan implementasi. Untuk tahap implementasi hanya sampai pada kegiatan dokumentasi sistem dan pengujian sistem hanya dilakukan di laboratorium menggunakan data laporan buianan Puskesmas tahun 2005. PengumpuIan data dan informasi melalui wa.wancara mendalam, telaah dokumen dan observasi. Unit kerja yang menjadi obyek penelitian adalah Sie Kesehatan Khusus di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang. Dalam penelitian ini telah dihasilkan suatu otomasi pengolahan data berupa prototype Sistem Informasi Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Puskesmas. Prototype ini diharapkan mampu menjadi solusi dalam hal mendapatkan informasi yang cepat, akurat dan relevan mengenai data pelayanan dasar kesehatan gigi dan mulut Puskesmas, sehingga dapat dipergunakan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada masyarakat dalam rangka menunmkan angka kesaldtan gigi di Kota Tangerang. ......Dental and oral diseases are mostly suffered by Indonesians in all ages. Caries is often found as a disease. According to SICRT (2001) caries prevalence in Indonesia is still very high about 60 %, meanwhile in Tangerang caries prevalence of elementary Islamic student reached 47.3 % in 2005. This illustration shows that dental and oral health problem should be handled seriously soon. On the other hand this matter is not followed by patient visiting to Health Center. An information system that provides qualified data is required in order to support the management of Dental and Oral Health Service Program in Health Office. The system is not able to provide the expected information because the data processing has manual system so that it takes relatively long time to produce the expected information. The method for this research is using system development life cycle approach that is started by planning, analysis, design, and implementation stages. The implementation stage is only tested at laboratory using monthly report data of some Health Centers year 2005. The required data and information were collected by depth interviews, document examinations and observations. The object of this research is Seksi Kesehatan Khusus of Health Office in Tangerang City. The research has created a prototype of automatically data process. This prototype could be a solution in order to gain fast, accurate and relevan information concerning Dental and Oral Health Program in Health Office, so that it could be used to improve Dental and Oral Health Service for people in framework of minimize caries prevalence in Tangerang City.