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"Transverse electromagetic cell (sel TEM) merupakan perangkat alternatif pengujian EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility). Namun, frekuensi operasi maksimumnya sangat terbatas sedangkan pengujian EMC mensyaratkan pengujian dilakukan hingga frekuensi 1 GHz. Beberapa pengembangan sel TEM untuk meningkatkan frekuensi operasi malah memperkecil luas keseragaman medan sedangkan peningkatan luas keseragaman medan tidak dapat dilakukan hingga frekuensi tinggi. Coplanar waveguide dapat digunakan sebagai sumber medan yang seragam dan sangat berpotensi untuk digunakan dalam perancangan sel TEM dengan rentang frekuensi yang sangat lebar. Pada tesis ini dilakukan perancangan sel TEM sederhana dengan lempeng coplanar waveguide (CPW) untuk membangkitkan medan elektromagnetik seragam yang dapat beroprasi pada frekuensi 30 MHz - 1.GHz. Hasil simulasi menunjukan sel TEM dapat disusun dari dua buah lempeng CPW identik berukuran 510 mm x 750 mm dengan lebar hot-line s = 440 mm, gap w = 7,69 mm dengan jarak antara lempeng CPW sebesar h = 550 mm. Hasil pengukuran menujukan kesesuaian antara hasil pengukuran dengan simulasi. sel TEM menghasilkan uniform area 30 cm x 50.cm dan memenuhi ketentuan standar IEC 61000-4-20. ......A transverse electromagnetic cell (TEM cell) is an alternative device for EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) test. The highest operating frequency of TEM cell is limited while EMC test requires testing performed up to 1 GHz. The TEM cell developments to increase the operating frequency has decrease the TEM cell field uniformity area while increasing field uniformity area cannot be done to higher frequency. Meanwhile, coplanar waveguide can be used to generate uniform field and potentially can be used to design a TEM Cells with very wide frequency range. In this thesis, a simple TEM cell was designed with coplanar waveguide plates (CPW) for generating uniform electromagnetic field at frequency 30 MHz - 1.GHz. The simulation results show that the TEM cell can be made by two identical CPW plates which has 510 mm x 750 mm in size, wide of hot-line s = 440 mm, gap w = 7.69 mm and the distance between the CPW plates h = 550 mm. The measurement results show in agreement with the simulastion. The TEM cell produces a uniform area of 30 cm x 50 cm which is in accordance with IEC 61000-4-20 standard."

"Buku yang berjudul "Electromagnetic compatibility handbook" ini ditulis oleh J. L. Norman Violette, Donald R. J. White, dan Michael F. Violette. Buku ini merupakan sebuah buku panduan mengenai elektromagnetik."

"ABSTRAKFaktor keamanan dan kinerja merupakan aspek fundamental pada peralatan medis.Untuk menjamin kualitas dan keamanan pada peralatan Elektroensefalograf(EEG), salah satunya ialah harus memenuhi syarat kompatibilitas terhadapelektromagnetik (EMC) yang secara khusus diatur pada standar IEC 60601-1-2:2014. Pada penelitian ini, telah dilakukan analisis dan pengembangan aspekkompatibilitas elektromagnetik terhadap prototipe EEG berbasis Arduino Unomengacu standar IEC 60601-1-2:2014. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkanemisi radiasi elektromagnetik pada prototipe EEG dapat diturunkan denganmodifikasi PCB, menambah ferrite bead pada kabel USB dan menambah shield.Dengan menggabungkan ketiga metode tersebut, level emisi radiasi pada rentangfrekuensi 30MHz sampai 1GHz dapat diturunkan, sehingga berada di bawah limitstandar. Penurunan terbesar level emisi radiasi elektromagnetik terjadi padafrekuensi 35.9MHz yaitu sebesar 27.7 dB. Pengembangan denganmenggabungkan ketiga metode tersebut tidak berdampak pada level emisi melaluikonduksi, sehingga masih tetap berada dibawah limit standar. Prototipe EEG yangtelah diberi penambahan varistor dan ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) suppressorjuga terbukti mampu bertahan dari kerusakan permanen saat pengujian imunitasdengan level surge sampai 1kV dan pengujian ESD secara kontak sampai 8kV.

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ABSTRACTSafety and performance of medical devices are fundamental aspects to beconcerned. To ensure the quality and safety of electroencephalograph ( EEG ),one of the requirement is electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) which isspecifically regulated by IEC 60601-1-2: 2014 standard. EMC aspect of ArduinoUno based EEG prototype was analyzed and developed refer to IEC 60601-1-2:2014. The results of this study indicated emission of electromagnetic radiationon EEG prototype can be derived by PCB modification, added ferrite beads on theUSB cable and added a shield. By combining these three methods, radiatedemission level at frequency range 30MHz until 1GHz was reduced until below thestandard limit. The largest reduction of electromagnetic radiated emission leveloccured at frequency 35.9MHz with value 27.7 dB. Combination of these threemethods on a EEG prototype did not impact on the level of emissions throughconduction, and it remained below the standard limit. EEG prototype that hasbeen fitted with varistor and ESD (Electrostatic Discharge ) suppressor alsoproved to be able to withstand from permanent damage at the level surgeimmunity testing up to 1kV , and contact ESD testing up to 8kV."

"This book systematically explains the fundamentals of system-level electromagnetic compatibility and introduces the basic concept of system-level electromagnetic compatibility quantification design. The topics covered include the critical technologies in the top-down quantification design of electromagnetic compatibility, quantification design of system-level electromagnetic compatibility, evaluation methods and application examples, quality control and application examples of electromagnetic compatibility development process, and real-world engineering example analysis of electromagnetic compatibility.The book proposes a top-down system-level electromagnetic compatibility quantification design method and is the first book to describe in detail how to quantitatively evaluate and predict system-level electromagnetic compatibility performance. It includes abundant engineering examples and experimental data demonstrating the usage and results of the top-down quantification design methods of system-level electromagnetic compatibility.It enables readers to obtain a thorough understanding of the theory and methods of system-level electromagnetic compatibility quantification design as well as the methodologies for engineering practice."

"Penggunaan peralatan rumah tangga yang mengimplementasikan sistem inverter dapat meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan energi listrik sekaligus memicu terbentuknya disturbansi. Disturbansi yang terbentuk dapat merambat secara konduktif yang dikenal sebagai conducted emission. Kararteristik disturbansi yang dihasilkan setiap peralatan rumah tangga bersifat unik. Disturbansi tersebut beradapada rentang frekuensi 9 kHz-150 kHz. Regulasi yang mengatur batas level tegangan disturbansi pada frekuensi tersebut masih terbatas. Peralatan rumah tangganyang dioperasikan simultan terhubung pararel pada jaringan listrik rumah tangga. Hal tersebut memicu terjadinya interaksi antar peralatan. Interaksi ersebut akan memicu pembentukan karakteristik disturbansi yang berbeda dengan karakteristik disturbansi yang dihasilkan oleh masing-masing peralatan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengukuran tegangan disturbansi yang dihasilkan peralatan rumah tangga pada rentang frekuensi 9 kHz-150 kHz. Pengukuran tersebut bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan karakteristik disturbansi yang dihasilkan pada saat beberapa peralatan rumah tangga dioperasikan secara simultan. Peralatan yang diuji adalah: (1) pendingin ruang inverter (2) kulkas inverter (3) kompor induksi (4) lampu LED. Jenis pengukuran yang dilakukan, diantaranya: (1) pengukuran tunggal (2) simultan dua beban (3) simultan tiga beban. Pada pengukuran simultan dua beban, beban yang diukur merupakan peralatan inveter yang dikombinasikan dengan peralatan non-inverter. Pada pengukuran simultan tiga beban pengukuran dikelompokan menjadi kelompok interaksipendingin ruang inverter-kompor induksi-lampu LED dan kelompok interaksi kulkas inverter kompor induksi-lampu LED. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan menggunakan divais Picoscope dan perangkat lunak Matlab kemudian direpresentasikan dalam domain frekuensi. Pada pengukuran tunggal, peralatan rumah tangga inverter menghasilkan tegangan disturbansi dominan pada beberapa frekuensi yang berbeda, sedangkan kompor induksi dan lampu LED hanya menghasilkan disturbansi pada satu frekuensi. Hasilpengukuran simultan dua dan tiga beban adalah terukur disturbansi pada frekuensi yang sama dengan frekuensi disturbansi yang dihasilkan oleh masing-masing peralatan rumah tangga invertersaat dioperasikan tunggal, namun nilai disturbansi yang dihasilkan mengalami penurunan, kenaikan level, dan pergeseran frekuensi.

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The inverter-implemented household appliance not only improves energy efficiency but also generates disturbance. It emits disturbance through the conductors known as conducted emission. Disturbance characteristic of every appliance is unique, yet on the frequency range 9 kHz-150 kHz. The regulation regarding generated disturbance level on those frequency is limited. The appliance operated simultaneously will connected each other inresidential electrical network. Those appliances tents to interact. Generated disturban cewhile operate simultaneously will be different to singular operation. Disturbance measurement is conducted on this study purposed to find charteristic disturbance when the appliance soperated simultaneously.

This study investigates generated disturbance on frequency range 9 kHz-150 kHz. There some appliances are tested: Air-conditioner and refrigerator which are equipped with inverter system, induction cooker, and LED bulb lamps. The test is conducted when the appliance operated singularly, simultaneously with another appliance, and simultan eously with two other appliances. The test of simultaneous with another appliance is conducted when two appliances operated, while test of simultaneous with other applianceis conducted when three appliances operated. On the test of simutaneos with otherappliance, it is grouped into simultaneous Air conditioner-induction cooker-LED bulb lamps and refrigerator-induction cooker-LED bulb lamps.

The test is measured by Picoscope device and represent by Matlab on frequency domain. The disturbance characteristic of singular operation for inverting appliance generates disturbance on some frequencies, whereas induction cooker and LED lamp bulb generated only in one frequency. The simultaneous operation generated disturbance charracterictic similar with singular operation of inverter appliance, yet some disturbance levelsareincreased, decreased, evenmore some frequencies shifted."

"This textbook is intended for a course in electromagnetism for upper undergraduate and graduate students. The main concepts and laws of classical macroscopic electrodynamics and initial information about generalized laws of modern electromagnetics are discussed, explaining some paradoxes of the modern theory. The reader then gets acquainted with electrodynamics methods of field analysis on the basis of wave equation solution. Emission physics are considered using an example of the Huygens-Fresnel-Kirchhoff canonic principle. The representation about strict electrodynamics task statement on the base of Maxwell equations, boundary conditions, emission conditions and the condition on the edge is given. Different classes of approximate boundary conditions are presented, which essentially simplify understanding of process physics. The canonic Fresnel functions are given and their generalization on the case of anisotropic impedance. The free waves in closed waveguides and in strip-slotted and edge-dielectric transmission lines are described. A large number of Mathcad programs for illustration of field patterns and its properties in different guiding structures are provided. The material is organized for self-study as well as classroom use."