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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Fisheries resources management aimed to improve community welfare especially fishermen and to conserve the fisheries resources and its environment, to keep the capture fisheries business system sustainability efficient and profitable. Beside marketing guarantee, optimalization between fisheries resources stock and fishing effort in each of fishing area. The improvement of capture fisheries must be held based on the existing condition, i.e.: marketing in determining the priority commodity, maximum sustainable yield and fisheries resources utilization level to determine limit of fisheries resources utilization chance, fishing technology and socio-economic condition to identify the fishermen's earns and absorption of labors related to capture fisheries sector. Based on the marketing aspect analysis, it is determined that the kinds of priority commodity in Southern of West Java Province are lobster, shrimp, tuna, skip jack tuna, and layar. Hence, the potency (MSY) and fisheries resources utilization level of the priority commodity still has very large chance to improve, except lobster has large enough chance. Based on the scoring approach, combined from many technical aspects, financial aspects and social aspect and linear goal programming analysis can be concluded that the proper fishing technology in southern waters of West Java Province are: (1) Purse seine 80 unit, (2) Denish same 127 unit, (3) Lines 144 unit, (4) Gillnet 80 unit, (5) Trammel net 376 unit.

Abstrak :
Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kematian ibu dengan perdarahan antepartum di RSU dilakukan penelitian dengan rancangan case-control yang menggunakan data rekam medis di RSU se wilayah III Cirebon tahun 1992-1996 yang dipergunakan format MCM sebagai alat pengumpul data. Populasi adalah ibu hamil yang datang ke RSU dengan komplikasi perdarahan antepartum, diambil seluruh kasus kematian ibu PAP sebagai sampel yaitu 53 ibu PAP dan 263 ibu PAP yang tidak meninggal dan terpilih sebagai control. Digunakan analisa univariat, bivariat dan regresi logistik untuk memperkirakan OR dan 95% confidence interval serta interaksi digunakan untuk memerikasa efek modifikasi. Temyata yang berpotensi sebagai konfonding adalah persalinan dan kesiapan darah, umur kehamilan dan kegawatan serta frekuensi hamil dan kegawatan adalah persalinan dan kesiapan darah, umur kehamilan dan kegawatan serta frekuensi hamil dan kegawatan. Melalui penelitian ini didapat faktor penentu terhadap kematian ibu PAP adalah tindakan pengakhiran persalinan, pendidikan ibu, kondisi kegawatan saat tiba di RSU, status rujukan, umur kehamilan, frekuensi kehamilan dan kesiapan darah. Ternyata variabel persalinan menjadi faktor penentu utama terhadap kematian ibu dengan perdarahan antepartum di rumah sakit Umum, tepatnya ibu PAP yang datang ke RSU tidak diakhiri persalinan rnempunyai risiko kematian lebih besar dari pada yang diakhiri persalinan di RSU. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk mencegah kematian ibu PAP di RSU antara lain setiap ada kasus PAP diatas 35 minggu baru dapat di pulangkan setelah tindakan pengakhiran kehamilan; dan sarana tenaga, material khususnya untuk pembedahan dan pembiayaan serta prosedur tetap di RSU senantiasa menjadi perhatian pimpinan RSU dan Pemerintah Daerah untuk pemenuhannya. Untuk pelayanan kesehatan ekstemal RSU diharuskan segera merujuk ibu PAP tanpa melakukan manipulasi apapun serta memberikan pertolongan pertama untuk perdarahannya baik infus maupun transfusi. Selain itu agar senantiasa diupayakan pembatasan kehamilan yang dapat mempengaruhi kematian ibu khususnya ibu dengan PAP. Karena pendidikan ibu mempengaruhi kematian Ibu PAP maka pemberdayaan wanita menjadi panting agar wanita dapat mengambil keputusan sendiri, dapat mempersiapkan kelahiran dengan baik sehingga 2 keterlambatan dapat dihindari; dengan melibatkan keluarga masyarakat dan aparat.

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It is found out through the research that the decisive factor responsible for the death of pregnant women with antepartum hemorrhage are the effort of breaking up the pregnancy with child birth, the educational back ground of the women, the condition of criticalness when they enter the hospital, the status of reference, the age of pregnancy, the frequent of pregnancy, and the readiness of blood. It is found out too that the child birth variable is the main decisive factor on the death of pregnant women with antepartum hemorrhage; the death risk is higher on the pregnant women with antepartum hemorrhage without child birth efforts in comparison to the others with child birth efforts. It can be concluded that, to prevent the pregnant women with antepartum hemorrhage from death, there should be the effort of breaking u[ the pregnancy with child birth, the availability dualified human resources and equipments for surgical operation, financing, and the regular procedure applied at the hospitals should always be paid attention by the head of the hospitals and the local goverment. For the external health service, the hospitals should immediately refer to the pregnant women with antepartum hemorrhage without making any manipulation and give them the first aid for their bleeding. In addition, there should be efforts to restrict pregnancies which may cause death to the pregnant women with antepartum hemorrhage. Since the educational back ground influences the death of the pregnant women with antepartum hemorrhage, the women's education should be increased in order that they can make their own decisions in the anticipation of their child birth involving the families, sorroundings, and goverment agencies.

Abstrak :
The effect of weekly iron supplementation and deworming on the hemoglobin level was studied among 289 children aged 2 to 5 years in a randomized double-masked placebo controlled community trial. Subjects were allocated into 3 groups which respectively received iron supplements and deworming, iron supplements only and placebos. Iron supplementation for 8 weeks using 30 mg elemental iron as ferrous sulphate syrup once per week, led to a significant reduction in the prevalence of anemia from 37.2%. to 16.2%. Using unsupervised distribution by mothers, hemoglobin concentration increased significantly in both groups which received iron (p<0.001) and also in the placebo group (p<0.05), but the changes in both treatment groups were significantly higher than the placebo group (p<0.001). No significant difference in hemoglobin changes was found between those who received additional deworming and those who received iron supplement only. Positive iron in stool were confirmed in 68.2% of the children who were reported received iron supplements (n=66). It is concluded that weekly iron supplementation is effective to reduce the prevalence of anemia among preschoolers.

Abstrak :
Indonesia memiliki komitmen untuk menurunkan Angka Kematian Ibu menjadi 225/100.000 menjelang tahun 2000. Sebagai upaya untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut khususnya dalam meningkatkan cakupan persalinan oleh tenaga kesehatan, pemerintah telah melaksanakan program GSI sejak tahun 1996. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan GSI dalam meningkatkan cakupan persalinan oleh tenaga kesehatan. Penelitian ini memadukan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data primer diambil dengan menggunakan kuesioner, wawancara mendalam dan observasi sementara data sekunder menggunakan laporan pelaksanaan GSI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel-variabel yang berhubungan secara statistik dengan keefektifan GSI dalam meningkatkan cakupan persalinan oleh tenaga kesehatan adalah pendidikan istri dan suami, pendapatan dan perencanaan persalinan. Ambulans dan donor darah tidak berhubungan secara statistik tetapi penting khususnya pada kasus-kasus gawat darurat. Sebagian besar ibu mengetahui bahwa lebih aman bersalin dengan pertolongan bidan tetapi kebanyakan mereka tidak mampu membayar biaya persalinan tersebut. Karena itu, Tabulin dapat menjadi sarana yang panting dan efektif untuk meningkatkan cakupan karena dapat digunakan untuk mengantipasi biaya persalinan. Sementara itu, dukungan tokoh formal dan informal juga merupakan faktor yang sangat penting walaupun secara statistik tidak berhubungan. Berdasarkan wawancara mendalam, dapat disimpulkan bahwa keberhasilan pelaksanaan program GSI sangat tergantung pada komitmen dari seluruh pihak terkait di berbagai tingkatan dan koordinasi lintas sektoral. Masalah yang paling penting adalah tidak tersedianya dana operasional GSI. Mempertimbangkan hasil penelitian maka disarankan kepada semua pihak yang terlibat dalam pelaksanaan program GSI untuk meningkatkan komitmen mereka terhadap program ini, meningkatkan koordinasi lintas sektoral, menurunkan biaya persalinan dengan tenaga kesehatan, memberikan penghargaan khusus kepada para bidan yang berhasil meningkatkan cakupan persalinan serta menyediakan dana operasional untuk pelaksanaan kegiatan GSI sehingga program ini dapat mencapai sasaran secara lebih efektif. ...... Factors Related to the Effectiveness of Mother Friendly Movement (Gerakan Sayang Ibu1GS1) in Increasing the Coverage of Delivery by Health Provider (Case study in Mande, Cilaku and Facet Subdistricts, Cianjur Regency, West Java Province)Indonesia had a commitment to decrease Maternal Mortality Rate (M MR) to be 225/100000 live birth by the year 2000. In order to achieve this aim especially to enhance the coverage of delivery by health provider, our government had carried out GSI program since 1996. The purpose of this research was to know factors related to the effectiveness of GSI to increase the coverage of delivery by health provider. This research combined qualitative and quantitative method. The primary data used questionnaires, depth interviews and observations while secondary data used the report on implementation of GSI. The data was analized by using univariate, bivariate as well as multivariate analysis. The result of this research indicate that those variables which have relationship with the effectiveness of GSI to increase the coverage of delivery by health provider were education of husbands and wives, income and delivery planning. Ambulance and blood donor did not have relationship statistically but they were important especially in emergency cases. Most of mothers knew that it would be safer if they could deliver by the help of health provider but most of them couldn't pay the cost of delivery. Therefore, Tabulin could be an important and effective mean to increase the coverage because it could be used to anticipate the cost of delivery, Meanwhile, the support of formal as well as informal leaders were very important too, although statistically have no relationship. Based on depth interviews, it could be concluded that the success of implementation of GSI was really depend on the commitment of all relevant sectors in every level and the coordination of cross sector. The most important problem was unavailability of operational fund of GSI. Considering the result of this research, it was suggested to those involved in implementation of GSI to improve their commitment against this program, decrease the cost of delivery by heath provider, giving special appreciation to the midwives who could increase their coverage and provide operational fund for the implementation of GSI so that this program could achieve its target more effectively.

Abstrak :
Setiap pengidap penyakit Human Immunodeficiency Virus selanjutnya disebut dengan HIV berhak untuk mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan yang merupakan salah satu bentuk pelayanan publik yang dijamin oleh negara berdasarkan Undang- Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan. Hal ini sehubungan dengan kewajiban negara untuk memenuhi hak-hak asasi dan kebutuhan dasar bagi tiap orang, sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 28 H ayat (1) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Penulis kemudian membahas mengenai penerapan pemberian layanan kesehatan terhadap pasien pengidap HIV oleh Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta dan Provinsi Jawa Barat dan analisis kasus penolakan pemberian layanan kesehatan terhadap pasien pengidap HIV oleh fasilitas kesehatan di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dan Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder, diantaranya peraturan perundang-undangan, buku, serta didukung dengan data primer berupa wawancara dengan pihak-pihak terkait. Hasil penelitian kemudian menyimpulkan di Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta maupun Provinsi Jawa Barat telah melakukan beberapa program guna menurunkan angka pasien pengidap HIV dan bahwa setiap pasien rumah sakit termasuk bagi pasien ODHA diberikan hak oleh undang-undang untuk memperoleh layanan yang manusiawi, adil, jujur, dan tanpa diskriminasi terdapat pada Pasal 32 huruf C UURS jo. Pasal 4 huruf G Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen

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Every person with Human Immunodeficiency Virus, hereinafter referred to as HIV, is entitled to receive health services which is one form of public service guaranteed by the state based on Law Number 36 Year 2009 concerning Health. This is in connection with the states obligation to fulfill human rights and basic needs for each person, as stipulated in Article 28 H paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The author then discusses the application of the provision of health services to patients with HIV by the Provincial Governments of DKI Jakarta and West Java Province and analysis of cases of refusal to provide health services to patients with HIV by health facilities in DKI Jakarta and West Java Provinces. The study was conducted through a normative juridical approach using secondary data, including legislation, books, and supported by primary data in the form of interviews with related parties. The results of the study concluded that in the Provincial Governments of DKI Jakarta and West Java Provinces have conducted several programs to reduce the number of HIV-infected patients and that every hospital patient, including PLWHA patients, is given the right by law to obtain humane, fair, honest and without discrimination contained in Article 32 letter C UURS jo. Article 4 letter G of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection.