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"This dissertation examines the question of justice in the implementation of the Right of Indonesia Nations and the Right of State to Control in agrarian legal policy domain since post independence of 1945 to post reformation of 1998 Problems of justice in their manifestation of injustice has become the focus of analysis using Sen rsquo s theory of justice This study belongs the realm of normative legal research or literature The results of the analysis in the three periods of the practice of agrarian legal policy 1945 1965 1965 1998 and 1998 2020 applying the perspective of 39 Matsyanyaya 39 in theory of justice of Sen found the dominant factor causing injustice namely the practice of political dominance of neo imperialism and capitalism Theoretical justification of the relationship between law and politics can be found either in Zamboni 39 s theory or the work of Kahin Tully Pilger Roosa van ittersum Perkins The study provides recommendations in the realm of the theoretical and legal agrarian policy practices In the domain of the theoretical perspective of legal studies this study suggests to review the inconsistencies in the legal and legal policy systems in the agrarian law research and teaching of legal studies realms In the practical domain then the virtual values of Pancasila ought to be implemented in the practice of law in the realm of the executive legislative and judicial branches of government in dealing with domination of neoimperialism neo capitalism and neo liberalism in the practice of agrarian law politics and the entire realms of life."

"[ABSTRAKSejak 1980an, pendekatan pembangungan dipengaruhi oleh pemikiranNeoliberalisme baik di level internasional maupun domestik. Kebijakan ekonomidiarahkan untuk menjadi lebih terbuka, berorientasi pasar, dan mengurangi perannegara dalam pembangunan. Dengan demikian, perekonomian diharapkan dapatmenjadi lebih efektif dan mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi. Namun, padapraktiknya, negara-negara berkembang justru mengalami efek negatif dalampembangunanannya. Tulisan ini berargumen hal ini disebabkan oleh dua hal, yaitunegara berkembang tidak mampu mengubah rezim yang ada dan kebijakanNeoliberal digunakan untuk kepentingan negara maju. Kondisi pada levelmasyarakat dengan konteks sejarah dan sosial yang berbeda membuat Neoliberaltidak cocok diaplikasikan pada negara berkembang. Sedangkan pembangunansebagai bagian dari kepentingan negara maju telah menjadi nature atau sifat dasardari pembangunan. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini kemudian menjabarkan pandanganlain dalam pembangunan yang ditulis oleh Amartya Sen. Pembangunan, menurutSen, bukan hanya sebagai pertumbuhan ekonomi, namun juga sebagai kebebasan.Pemikiran Sen kemudian dijadikan sebagai landasan moral bagi pembangunan.Akan tetapi, landasan moral tersebut justru menjadi justifikasi bagi pemikirannegara maju untuk dapat menentukan arah pembangunan negara berkembang.Menanggapi hal tersebut, tulisan ini berargumen bahwa Kearifan Lokal yang menginklusikan nilai moral lokal sebagai pertimbangan perencanaan pembangunan dapat menjadi jawaban.

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ABSTRACTSince 1980s, development practices is affected by the Neoliberal approach both atthe international level and domestic level. This results in economic policies tobecome more open, market oriented and minimization states? role in development.Therefore, the economic dimensia is expected to be more effective and is expectedto boost economic growth. However, the reality is contrary from what expectedbefore especially for developing countries. This paper argues this has happeneddue to the inability of developing countries to reshape the development practices and that the neoliberal policies are used for the sake of the developing countries? interest. Therefore, this paper tries to elaborates the writings by refering toAmartya Sen. Sen defines development not only as economic development, butalso as freedom. Sen?s thought later becomes the moral justification fordevelopment practices, however, this paper argues that, the ethics Sen mentionedbefore justifies Western thought on development on developing countries. This paper completes these loopholes by focusing on the elements of Local Wisdom to be include the local moral development planning. , Since 1980s, development practices is affected by the Neoliberal approach both atthe international level and domestic level. This results in economic policies tobecome more open, market oriented and minimization states’ role in development.Therefore, the economic dimensia is expected to be more effective and is expectedto boost economic growth. However, the reality is contrary from what expectedbefore especially for developing countries. This paper argues this has happeneddue to the inability of developing countries to reshape the development practices and that the neoliberal policies are used for the sake of the developing countries’ interest. Therefore, this paper tries to elaborates the writings by refering toAmartya Sen. Sen defines development not only as economic development, butalso as freedom. Sen’s thought later becomes the moral justification fordevelopment practices, however, this paper argues that, the ethics Sen mentionedbefore justifies Western thought on development on developing countries. This paper completes these loopholes by focusing on the elements of Local Wisdom to be include the local moral development planning. ]"

"Pinjam meminjam merupakan sebuah kegiatan yang sudah lama ada dan kerap dilakukan oleh pelbagai entitas, mulai dari individu hingga korporasi besar. Dalam skala yang cukup besar, kegiatan pinjam meminjam dilakukan oleh perbankan. Pemerintah sebagai regulator juga memastikan bahwa rakyat kelas menengah ke bawah mendapatkan akses pinjaman yang sama, yakni melalui Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR). Kendati demikian, terdapat perubahan besar kebijakan KUR di tahun 2023 melalui Permenko 1 tahun 2023 di mana terdapat tiga perbedaan besar, yakni tingkat bunga efektif yang lebih variatif, siklus pinjaman maksimal, dan ketentuan e`ligibilitas lainnya yang menimbulkan tanda tanya apakah KUR masih sesuai dengan mandatnya dengan menggunakan teori Capability Approach milik Amartya Sen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan identifikasi kemampuan masyarakat hingga optimalisasi rekomendasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penjelasan Alternatif dari Charles Sanders Peirce. Hasil penelitian ini adalah kendati telah adanya beberapa perubahan, akan tetapi KUR masih sesuai dengan mandatnya dikarenakan penyesuaian penyesuaian tersebut harus dilakukan dikarenakan pada tahun 2023, keadaan perekonomian sudah dianggap kembali normal dari pandemi COVID-19.

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Lending and borrowing is a long-standing activity often conducted by various entities, ranging from individuals to large corporations. On a significant scale, this activity is carried out by the banking sector. The government, as a regulator, ensures that the middle to lower-class citizens have equal loan access, namely through the Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR). However, there were major policy changes to the KUR in 2023 via Permenko 1 of 2023, where three significant differences are noted: a more varied effective interest rate, a maximum loan cycle, and other eligibility requirements that raise questions about whether KUR still aligns with its mandate through the Capability Approach of Amartya Sen. The aim of this research is to identify the community's capabilities up to the optimization of recommendations. This research uses the Alternative Explanation of Charles Sander Peirce’s method. The results of this study indicate that, despite some changes, KUR remains in line with its mandate. This is because these adjustments had to be made considering that, in 2023, the economic situation is deemed to have returned to normal following the COVID-19 pandemic."