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[ABSTRAK
Dalam menjalan fungsi pemerintahan (bestuurs functie), pemerintah melakukan tindakan hukum publik dan tindakan hukum privat dimana kedua tindakan hukum ini akan dapat bertentangan kepentingan masyarakat atau perorangan, sehingga dapat dikatakan tindakan Pemerintah rentan akan tuntutan hukum. Dikaitkan dengan keuangan negara putusan yang telah inkracht atas tuntuan hukum tersebut dapat menimbulkan risiko fiskal kepada Pemerintah berupa kewajiban kontinjensi pihak ketiga. Yang menjadi pokok permasalahan pada penelitian ini adalah: pertama bagaimana pengaturan risiko fiskal akibat tuntutan hukum dalam pelaksanaan kewajiban kontijensi dalam APBN? kedua dalam hal terjadi potensi kerugian Negara dalam risiko fiskal akibat tuntutan hukum, lembaga mana yang berwenang melakukan pemeriksaan?. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut digunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, yaitu penelitian hukum yang berbasis pada kaedah-kaedah atau norma-norma hukum yang terdapat dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, yaitu dengan melakukan penelusuran terhadap Undang-undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2003 Tentang Keuangan Negara, Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2004 tentang Perbendaharaan Negara, Undang-Undang Nomor 15 tahun 2004 tentang Pemeriksaan Pengelolaan dan Tanggungjawab Keuangan Negara, Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2006 tentang Badan Pemeriksaan Keuangan dan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait Kesimpulan yang Penulis peroleh dari penelitian in atas kontijensi pemerintah terkait tuntutan hukum ini BPK berwenang memeriksa sesuai konstitusi namun di lain sisi sesuai Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 60 tahun 2008 tentang Sistem Pengendalian Intern Pemerintah ada pengawasan intern yang dilakukan oleh BPKP dan/atau Aparat Pengawasan Intern Pemerintah terhadap seluruh proses kegiatan pemerintah yang terkait APBN. lembaga mana yang berwenang melakukan pemeriksaan

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ABSTRACT
In running the government functions (bestuurs functie), the government made public legal action and private legal action in which both these legal actions will be able to contradict the interests of society or the individual, so that it can be said government action vulnerable to lawsuits. Associated with the financial state of a final verdict a claim that the law could pose a risk to the Government in the form of fiscal contingent liability of third parties. Which are at issue in this study are: first , how the setting of fiscal risks due to lawsuits in the implementation of contingent liabilities in the state budget ? both in the event of a potential loss of State in the fiscal risks due to lawsuits, which agency the authority to conduct inspections?. This study was conducted using normative juridical, that is by doing a search on the the study of law based on rules or norms of law contained in the legislation , ie by performing a search of Law No. 17 of 2003 on State Finance, Law Number 1 of 2004 on State Treasury , Law Number 15 of 2004 on the Management Audit and responsibilities State finances, Law Number 15 of 2006 on the Board of Audit and related legislation. Authors conclusions obtained from this study on contingencies related to lawsuits government is authorized to examine the BPK according to the constitution , but on the other hand as the Government Regulation Number. 60 of 2008 on the Internal Control System The Government thereinternal controlconducted by BPKP and /or officers of the Government Internal Audit the whole process of government activities related to the state budget.;In running the government functions (bestuurs functie), the government made public legal action and private legal action in which both these legal actions will be able to contradict the interests of society or the individual, so that it can be said government action vulnerable to lawsuits. Associated with the financial state of a final verdict a claim that the law could pose a risk to the Government in the form of fiscal contingent liability of third parties. Which are at issue in this study are: first , how the setting of fiscal risks due to lawsuits in the implementation of contingent liabilities in the state budget ? both in the event of a potential loss of State in the fiscal risks due to lawsuits, which agency the authority to conduct inspections?. This study was conducted using normative juridical, that is by doing a search on the the study of law based on rules or norms of law contained in the legislation , ie by performing a search of Law No. 17 of 2003 on State Finance, Law Number 1 of 2004 on State Treasury , Law Number 15 of 2004 on the Management Audit and responsibilities State finances, Law Number 15 of 2006 on the Board of Audit and related legislation. Authors conclusions obtained from this study on contingencies related to lawsuits government is authorized to examine the BPK according to the constitution , but on the other hand as the Government Regulation Number. 60 of 2008 on the Internal Control System The Government thereinternal controlconducted by BPKP and /or officers of the Government Internal Audit the whole process of government activities related to the state budget., In running the government functions (bestuurs functie), the government made public legal action and private legal action in which both these legal actions will be able to contradict the interests of society or the individual, so that it can be said government action vulnerable to lawsuits. Associated with the financial state of a final verdict a claim that the law could pose a risk to the Government in the form of fiscal contingent liability of third parties. Which are at issue in this study are: first , how the setting of fiscal risks due to lawsuits in the implementation of contingent liabilities in the state budget ? both in the event of a potential loss of State in the fiscal risks due to lawsuits, which agency the authority to conduct inspections?. This study was conducted using normative juridical, that is by doing a search on the the study of law based on rules or norms of law contained in the legislation , ie by performing a search of Law No. 17 of 2003 on State Finance, Law Number 1 of 2004 on State Treasury , Law Number 15 of 2004 on the Management Audit and responsibilities State finances, Law Number 15 of 2006 on the Board of Audit and related legislation. Authors conclusions obtained from this study on contingencies related to lawsuits government is authorized to examine the BPK according to the constitution , but on the other hand as the Government Regulation Number. 60 of 2008 on the Internal Control System The Government thereinternal controlconducted by BPKP and /or officers of the Government Internal Audit the whole process of government activities related to the state budget.]

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ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini menganalisis mengenai pengelolaan Dana Desa yang bersumber dari APBN. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengelolaan Dana Desa mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penatausahaan, pelaporan dan pertanggungjawaban Dana Desa yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan peraturan yang berlaku di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan wawancara dan analisis mendalam terhadap dokumen. Penelitian menganalisis pengelolaan Dana Desa untuk dua periode anggaran yaitu tahun 2015 dan 2016. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah Desa Candirejo, Kabupaten Nganjuk, Provinsi Jawa Timur yang tergolong dalam desa berkembang. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pengelolaan Dana Desa pada Desa Candirejo masih mempunyai ketidak sesuaian dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Tahap perencanaan dan penganggaran RKPDes maupun APBDes dilaksanakan jauh dari batas waktu dalam peraturan. Untuk tahap pelaksanaan, waktu dan presentase penerimaan Dana Desa pada Desa Candirejo masih belum sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku baik tahun 2015 maupun tahun 2016. Pada tahap penatausahaan, laporan pertanggungjawaban bulanan tidak dilaporkan kepada Kepala Desa. Sedangkan pada tahap pelaporan dan pertanggungjawaban ada ketidaksesuaian antara realisasi penerimaan dengan anggaran penerimaan, perbedaan laporan semesteran dengan laporan pertanggungjawaban yang membuat informasi yang disajikan pada laporan menjadi tidak andal.

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ABSTRACT
This research analyzes the Village Funds management which allocated from State Budget of Indonesia. To analyze the Village Funds management start from planning, implementation, administration, reporting, and accountability of Village Funds with government regulation is the purpose of this research. This research applies a case study as a method with qualitative research approach. Furthermore, for the data collection process, user interview and deep anaylisis are implemented by the researcher. Village Funds management from 2015 and 2016 are collected as a sample. The object for this resarch is Candirejo Village, Nganjuk Regency, East Java Province which classified as a developing village. The research outcome shows that there is a discrepancy between the Village Funds management with the government regulation. The planning and budgeting stages of Plans for Village level Development and Local Government Budget exceeds the time limit of government regulation. Moreover, there is an issue regarding the time and the percentage income of Village Funds at Candirejo village is not in accordance with the government regulation both in 2015 and 2016 in the implementation stage. In addition, no reports are delivered to the Village Head in the administration stage. Meanwhile, there are some issues with the real income and budget allowance, reports and accountability reports which diminish the realiability of the reports.

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ABSTRACT
Peraturan Daerah oleh beberapa pihak seringkali, disebut sebagai undang-undang di tingkat daerah. Bahkan beberapa ahli dalam pendapatnya terkait konsep peraturan daerah kerap menyamakan dengan undang-undang. Hal ini kemudian menjadi kurang tepat apabila dilihat dalam berbagai teori hukum administrasi negara. Penelitian ini dibuat untuk membandingkan konsep undang-undang dan peraturan daerah yang ditinjau dari penetapan undang-undang tentang APBN yang pengaturannya dimuat pada Pasal 23 Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 dan ketentuan penetapan peraturan daerah tentang APBD yang dimuat dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kepustakaan yuridis normatif yang mengkaji rumusan masalah dari sudut pandang peraturan perundang-undangan dan dikaitkan dengan teori-teori hukum administrasi negara.

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ABSTRACT
Regional regulation by some people is often recognized as local law local act . Moreover, some experts on their thoughts related to regional regulation expressed similar opinions regarding the concept of national law compared to regional regulation. However those opinions are not exactly accurate, especially if seen from various administrative law theories. This research is made to analyze the differences between national law and regional regulation based from the making of law about state budget based on article 23 of The 1945 Constitution of The Republic of Indonesia and the making of local regulation about local government budget based on National Law Number 23 of 2014 about Local Government. The method used in this research is juridical normative literature method which analyze the problems based on the regulatory and administrative law theories.

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Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan dengan mendasarkan pada pendekatan perundang-undangan, konsep, historis, dan perbandingan. Perimbangan keuangan antara pusat dengan daerah memiliki keberkaitan erat dengan pembentukan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (APBN). Keberkaitan tersebut terlihat dari mekanisme alokasi besaran dana perimbangan. Kewenangan terbatas Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD) dalam pembentukan APBN tidak sesuai dengan filosofi pembentukannya selaku perwakilan teritorial. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan bahwa perlu penguatan kapasitas kelembagaan dengan memberikan ruang kewenangan yang lebih besar kepada DPD terkait dana transfer. Hal tersebut sejalan dengan prinsip otonomi daerah yang memberikan kekuasaan lebih besar kepada daerah. Selanjutnya berkaitan dengan perimbangan keuangan pusat dan daerah tersebut, yang penganggarannya berasal dari pos dana perimbangan dalam APBN, fungsi dan kewenangan DPD yang terbatas hanya memberikan pertimbangan kepada Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat atas rancangan undang-undang APBN dan pengawasan pelaksanaan APBN harus direvisi, yakni melalui amandemen konstitusi dengan menjadikan kedudukan DPD sama dan sejajar dengan DPR dalam hal pembentukan APBN. ......This research is based on literature studies within approach of national laws, concept, historical and comparison. Financial balance between central government and local government has a close relation with the establishment of State Budget. This relation can be viewed from the allocation mechanism of balance amount of the funds. Limited authority of the Regional Representatives Council (DPD) in the establishment of State Budget is not in accordance with the philosophy of its creation as a territorial representative. This research recommends that the necessary of institutional capacity building by providing a greater authority of Regional Representative Council (DPD) related to transfer of funds. This is in line with the principle of autonomy which gives greater powers to the regions. Furthermore, in relation with financial balance between central government and local government, which are derived from ?balanced fund? post on State Budget, function and authority Regional Representative Council (DPD) is limited to give consideration to the House of Representative (DPR) regarding Bill of State Budget, and to control the implementation of State Budget, should be revised by amending the constitution so that Regional Representative Council (DPD) has same standing as House of Representative (DPR) in establishment of State Budget.

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ABSTRAK
Pendefinisian Badan Publik berdasarkan UU KIP dilakukan dengan pendekatan sumber pendanaan. Persoalan yang ditimbulkan dengan pendekatan ini adalah timbulnya perdebatan yang tiada berakhir terkait dengan status BUMN/BUMD/badan usaha Negara lainnya dalam kaitannya dengan kewajiban penyediaan layanan informasi publik berdasarkan UU KIP. untuk mendukung prinsip tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik. Tesis ini berupaya menganalisa konsekuensi lanjutan dari perdebatan konsep Badan Publik serta berupaya membandingkan penormaan Badan Publik di Negara lain yang telah lebih memiliki UU KIP. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode yuridis normatif, yaitu dengan melakukan penelusuran terhadap UU KIP, Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 61 Tahun 2010 tentang Pelaksanaan UU KIP, Peraturan Komisi Informasi Nomor 1 Tahun 2010 tentang Standar Layanan Informasi Publik, serta risalah pembahasan UU KIP di DPR. Selain penelusuran peraturan perundang-undangan, Penulis juga melakukan studi kasus terhadap beberapa alasan penolakan pengakuan instansi tertentu terhadap status Badan Publik yang dikenai kewajiban penyediaan layanan informasi publik. Kesimpulan yang Penulis peroleh dari penelitian in adalah jaminan hak untuk mengakses informasi dapat mendukung terlaksananya pemerintahan yang baik, yang akan mendukung terciptanya tujuan bernegara sebagaimana konsep Negara kesejahteraan. Terkait pendekatan sumber pendanaan terhadap pendefinisian Badan Publik, konsekuensi lebih lanjut adalah putusan terbuka yang dijatuhkan Komisi Informasi terhadap sengketa yang melibatkan BUMN/BUMD/badan usaha Negara lainnya tidak dijalankan oleh badan yang bersangkutan karena perbedaan pandangan terhadap definisi Badan Publik tersebut. Terakhir, pentingnya mempertimbangkan pendekatan lain untuk merumuskan Badan Publik misalnya pendekatan pelayanan publik.

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ABSTRACT
Defining the Public Bodies based on Freedom of Information Act done based approach funding sources. The problems posed by this approach is the emergence of endless debate relating to the status of state-owned companies /regional-owned enterprises/ the other state enterprises in relation to the obligation to provide public information services based on the Freedom of Information Act to support the principles of good governance. This thesis seeks to analyze the consequences of continued debate the concept of public bodies as well as the attempt to compare the regulating of Public Bodies in other countries that already have a Freedom of Information Act. This study was conducted using normative juridical, that is by doing a search on the Freedom of Information Act, Government Regulation No. 61 Year 2010 on the Implementation of the Freedom of Information Act, Information Commission Regulation No. 1 of 2010 on Public Information Service Standards, as well as the minutes of the discussion of Freedom of Information Act. In addition to tracking the legislation, the author also conducted case studies on some of the reasons for refusal of recognition of certain agencies of the status of public bodies subject to the obligation to provide public information services. The author conclusions obtained from research in the guarantee right of access to information to support the implementation of good governance, which will support the purpose of the concept of the welfare state. Related approach to defining the sources of funding public bodies, further consequence is an open verdict handed down against the Information Commission disputes involving state-owned companies / regional-owned enterprises / the other state enterpreises are not obeyed by the agency concerned because of disagreements over the definition of the public agency. Finally, the importance of considering other approaches to formulating public bodies such public service approach.